Biology - Quiz 1

harles Darwin was an English naturalist who lived during the --- century.

19th, nineteenth, XIX, or 19

When a carbohydrate is formed by linking two monosaccharides by a condensation reaction, we get water plus which of the following? Multiple choice question. A dipeptide A disaccharide A polysaccharide A polypeptide

A disaccharide

--- --- and Charles Darwin are the scientists who came up with the idea of natural selection as a means of evolution in the mid-1800s.

Alfred Wallace

Which scientist came up with the idea of natural selection at the same time as Charles Darwin?

Alfred Wallace

What are the building blocks of proteins? Multiple choice question. Amino acids Nucleotides

Amino Acids

How is information stored in a molecule of DNA? Multiple choice question. By varying the location of the phosphate groups. By varying the width of the double helix. By varying the sequence of the four types of nucleotides that make up each strand. By varying the way the nitrogenous bases pair up with each other. By varying the sequence of the sugar and phosphate groups.

By varying the sequence of the four types of nucleotides that make up each strand.

Select all that apply Select the 4 main groups of biological macromolecules. Multiple select question. Fatty acids Sugars Amino acids Carbohydrates Nucleic acids Lipids Proteins Nucleotides

Carbohydrates Nucleic acids Lipids Proteins

--- atoms form the framework of biological molecules.

Carbon

The framework or backbone of biological molecules consists predominantly of which of the following atoms? Multiple choice question. Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Carbon

Carbon

Which of the following statements about the relationship between enzymes and environmental conditions are true? Multiple select question. Most enzymes can function effectively over a broad range of environmental conditions. Changing environmental conditions may alter the activity of enzymes. The optimum conditions for enzyme activity are usually similar to the conditions where the enzyme normally functions. Changing environmental conditions may alter the structure of enzymes.

Changing environmental conditions may alter the activity of enzymes. The optimum conditions for enzyme activity are usually similar to the conditions where the enzyme normally functions. Changing environmental conditions may alter the structure of enzymes.

Which of the following help proteins fold into their correct 3-D shape? Multiple choice question. Gene regulators Enzymes Hormones Immunoglobulins Chaperone proteins

Chaperone proteins

--- --- was the naturalist on board the H.M.S.Beagle during a 5 year trip around the world

Charles Darwin

From the list below, select all that are polysaccharides. Multiple select question. Chitin Starch Glycogen Cholesterol Cellulose Fructose

Chitin Starch Glycogen Cellulose

Which of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA? Multiple select question. Cytosine Uracil Guanine Adenine Thymine

Cytosine Guanine Adenine Thymine

The genetic material of all living things is which of the following? Multiple choice question. RNA Carbohydrate Protein DNA

DNA

The genetic material of all living things is which of the following? Multiple choice question. RNA DNA Carbohydrate Protein

DNA

Identify the two major classes of nucleic acids. Multiple choice question. Thymine and uracil tRNA and mRNA DNA and RNA Purines and pyrimidines Amino acids and fatty acids

DNA and RNA

The two classes of nucleic acids are --- and ---

DNA and RNA

--- is the general term for carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides.

Disaccharides or Disaccharide

Which group of biomolecules is the most efficient for storing energy? Multiple choice question. Fats and oils Polysaccharides Nucleic acids Proteins Monosaccharides

Fats and oils

Carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen bonds are described as which of the following? Multiple select question. Formed by an unequal sharing of electrons Ionic Nonpolar covalent Formed by an equal sharing of electrons Polar covalent

Formed by an unequal sharing of electrons Polar covalent

Base pairing in DNA is dependent on which type of bond? Multiple choice question. Ionic Hydrogen Covalent Metallic

Hydrogen

Organic molecules with the same molecular formula may exist in different forms called which of the following? Multiple choice question. Polymers Isomers Isotopes Monomers

Isomers

Which of the following determines the function of a protein molecule? Multiple choice question. Its shape. The kinds of amino acids in the molecule, regardless of their precise sequences. The first and the last amino acids in the protein molecule. The number of amino acids in it.

It's shape

What term is used to describe a signaling molecule?

Ligand

How is evolution related to natural selection?

Natural selection is one mechanism that causes evolution to take place.

C--C and C--H bonds are best described as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Nonpolar Moderately polar Strongly polar Ionic

Nonpolar

we find evidence that a population is experiencing changes in allele frequencies from one generation to the next, we say that this population is which of the following? Multiple choice question. Increasing in size In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium Not evolving Not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibriu

Not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibriu

What are the monomers of nucleic acids? Multiple choice question. Amino acids Nitrogenous bases Nucleotides DNA strands

Nucleotides

Which group of molecules forms the core of all biological membranes? Multiple choice question. Steroids Polynucleotides Polysaccharides Phospholipids Fats

Phospholipids

Genetic drift has a greater impact on which of the following? Multiple choice question. Large populations Medium sized populations Small populations

Small populations

Glucose and galactose can be described as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Stereoisomers Structural isomers Isotopes Enantiomers

Stereoisomers

Glucose and fructose can be described as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Isotopes Enantiomers Structural isomers Stereoisomers

Structural Isomers

How did Darwin explain why the finches on the Galapagos Islands look so similar to each other except for their beaks? Multiple choice question. The finches all have a recent common ancestor but they evolved on different islands where different types of food are available. The finches were originally very different, but they evolved on islands where all conditions are very similar except for the type of food available. The finches all have a recent common ancestor but they evolved on different islands where different predators are present.

The finches all have a recent common ancestor but they evolved on different islands where different types of food are available.

If two molecules isolated from different organisms have very similar structures, the most reasonable hypothesis is which of the following? Multiple choice question. The molecules perform different functions. The molecules perform similar functions. The organisms live in similar environments. The organisms are distantly related.

The molecules perform similar functions.

Select all that apply Select the conditions that must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Multiple select question. Natural selection occurs. The population is very large. Migration occurs frequently. Mating is random. No new mutations occur.

The population is very large. Mating is random. No new mutations occur.

A biologist finds out that the fruit fly, Drosophila, makes a protein in its eyes that has a very similar structure when compared to a human protein that was just discovered in the newly sequenced human genome. The biologist concludes that the human protein might be important for the proper development and working of the human eye. Which unifying theme in biology is illustrated in this example?

There is a fundamental relationship between structure and function in all biological systems.

Which of the following is a characteristic that all lipids share? Multiple choice question. They have a low proportion of nonpolar bonds. They are largely soluble in water. They are largely insoluble in water. They contain amino acids.

They are largely insoluble in water.

Models are useful in biological research for which of the following reasons? Multiple select question. They may suggest experiments that can be performed to refine or test the model. They eliminate the need to study all of the individual components of a complex biological system. They provide a way to organize how we think about a problem. They can help us see the larger picture by showing how the different components of a complex system fit together.

They may suggest experiments that can be performed to refine or test the model. They provide a way to organize how we think about a problem. They can help us see the larger picture by showing how the different components of a complex system fit together.

Which of the following are functions of proteins? Multiple select question. They provide structural support for many animal tissues. They are the main component of plant cell walls. They are the most efficient molecules for storing energy. They catalyze chemical reactions. They play a key role in the contraction of muscles. They transport ions and molecules across cell membranes.

They provide structural support for many animal tissues. They catalyze chemical reactions. They play a key role in the contraction of muscles. They transport ions and molecules across cell membranes.

Identify functions of ATP. Multiple select question. To store information within the cell To power transport across cell membranes To drive energetically unfavorable reactions To accept electrons during oxidation-reduction reactions To power the movement of cells

To power transport across cell membranes To drive energetically unfavorable reactions To power the movement of cells

How are disaccharides formed? Multiple choice question. Two monosaccharides are linked together through a hydrolysis reaction. Two monosaccharides are linked together through dehydration synthesis. Two monosaccharides are linked together through an ionic bond.

Two monosaccharides are linked together through dehydration synthesis.

Genetic variation in a population results from evolutionary forces that cause changes in Multiple choice question. migration rates predatory habits allele frequencies population size

allele frequencies

Information gleaned from basic scientific research provides the scientific knowledge that is necessary for --- research. This type of research is often carried out in industry.

applied

--- atoms form the framework of biological molecules.

carbon

All cells contain --- acid as their genetic material

deoxyribonucleic or DNA

A phospholipid is structurally similar to a triglyceride except that in a phospholipid, a charged phosphate group replaces one of the Multiple choice question. fatty acids glycerols amino acids

fatty acids

Natural populations exhibit significant phenotypic and --- variation.

genetic

According to the theory of blending Inheritance, offspring were expected to be phenotypically --- relative to their parents, which would dilute any new genetic variants.

intermediate

A general (all-inclusive) term for organic molecules that have the same molecular formula, but that differ in their structure or in the spatial arrangement of their atoms, is

isomers

Sexual selection influences Multiple select question. mate choice. fitness. individual genotypes. mating success.

mate choice. fitness. mating success.

The simplest carbohydrates are

monosaccharides

The simplest carbohydrates are ---

monosaccharides

You are studying a protein and notice that it contains two regions made of beta-sheets connected by an alpha-helix. This type of recurring structure that can be found in proteins with very different functions is called a Multiple choice question. conserved structure domain primary structure motif

motif

According to Darwin's observations of the Galapagos finches, differences among the birds' beaks may be the result of which of the following?

natural selection

The building blocks of nucleic acids are monomers called

nucleotides

Ground finches with large bills are favored during times of drought, while ground finches with small bills are favored during times when water is abundant. This is an example of Multiple choice question. balancing selection diversifying selection oscillating selection stabilizing selection

oscillating selection

The energy and time each sex invests in producing and rearing offspring is known as

parental investment

Some genes can affect multiple aspects of an organism's phenotype. This phenomenon is known as

pleiotropy

Long polymers made of monosaccharides that have been linked through dehydration reactions are called

polysaccharides

Information is stored in DNA by varying the ---- of the four types of nitrogenous bases in each strand.

sequence, order, combination, sequences, or combinations

The emerging field of ______ biology focuses on studying living organisms as a whole as well as understanding the workings of the parts of an organism.

systems

As a result of epistasis, the selective advantage of an allele Multiple choice question. would be the same in all genotypes. would vary from one genotype to another

would vary from one genotype to another.