Biology: Reporting Category 3- Biological Evolution and Classification Answers

The most common type of fossilization is _________.

permineralization

Comparing the flipper of a dolphin to the limb of a lion is a part of ___________.

anatomical homology

The Protocea family of plants is thought to have evolved before the breakup of Pangaea. Protocea can now be found throughout the southern hemisphere due to _____________.

biogeography

Mutations are caused by ___________ or ___________.

chance or environmental causes

Which pair of animals are more closely related to each other?

turtle and crocodile

Select the three principles of natural selection.

- Every organism inherits genetic variation. -Species can reproduce more offspring than an environment can support. - Limited resources cause those with favorable traits to survive and reproduce.

What are kingdoms based on? Select all that apply.

- cell type - body type - energy

____________, ____________, and ____________ all prevent fossilization.

- erosion - chemical weathering - natural decay

Select all the derived characteristics that separate the species into different branches.

- jaws - hair - vertebral column - amniotic egg - four walking legs

How can the age of fossils be determined? Select all that apply.

- radioactive dating - stratigraphy

If scientists found a woolly mammoth preserved in ice, what could they study? Select all that apply.

- skin - organs - hair

Polar bears are white. A few individuals might be brown. If the arctic ice continues to melt, what might happen in 100 years to the fur color of the majority of polar bears?

All fur might be brown.

What makes archaea different from bacteria?

Archaea live in extreme environments and can use chemicals as energy sources.

Which name correctly identifies the scientific name of the gray wolf?

Canus lupis (italicized)

What makes fungi different from plantae?

Fungi are heterotrophic.

A species of mice live in a field. The field is then divided by a wall that the mice cannot climb, dig under, or go around. Over time, the populations of mice on either side of the fence become different from each other. What happened to cause this?

Gene flow decreased.

________ results in one species changing into another species over time.

Gradualism

Why is the fossil record incomplete?

Only certain types of plants and animals can fossilize under specific conditions.

_______ results in one species changing into other species while also remaining in existence.

Punctuated equilibrium

When would you use a dichotomous key?

They are used when you do not know the identity of an organism.

A fern frond would probably be fossilized through _________.

compression

Comparing _________________ in developmental homology, helps scientists classify organisms.

embryos

Dichotomous keys with pictures are often included in ____________.

field guides

Most rabbits in a forest are brown. A forest fire kills 90% of the rabbit population. The majority of the surviving rabbits happened to be white. The population of rabbits in this forest will now mostly be white due to ____________.

genetic drift

Tigers are in the same family as the lynx and the same genus as the lion. Which of these is the tiger more closely related to?

lion

A cat has the same nucleotides in its DNA as a fungus. This is an example of ____________.

molecular homology

Can an individual giraffe with a shorter neck adapt and grow a longer neck to reach higher leaves?

no

According to the fossil record, most organisms most likely went through ________ speciation.

punctuated equilibrium

A new genetic trait can result from the ________________ of chromosomes during ____________.

recombination meiosis