Biology Unit 1

What is the smallest unit of life?

Cell

Fire can move, grow, reproduce, use energy, consume oxygen, and interact with its environment. Why is it not alive

It does not pass on genes for traits to its offspring.It does not consist of complex, well-ordered structures.It does not have cells. All of the above are accurate reasons why fire is not alive.

How is life defined?

Life is defined through a set of shared characteristics that all living things display.

A property of all living things

Reproduces its own kind Takes in, converts, and expels energy Complex, but well-ordered, structure Responds to the environment Populations evolve over time

Not a property of all living things

Requires another individual to reproduce Eats other organisms to gain energy Composed of many cells Individuals evolve over time

Which of the following is an example of an observational study?

Researchers ask people how long they normally sleep every night. Researchers then determine if fewer hours of sleep at night is associated with an increased likelihood of being overweight.

Which of the following is/are major themes in the field of biology?

The flow of information from DNA to proteins The relationship between structure and function The interconnections within and between levels of biological organization

What is the core theme that unifies all of biology?

The theory of evolution by natural selection

A population consists of ________.

a group of interacting individuals of one species

If you were to combine all of the ecosystems on the planet, you would obtain the ________.

biosphere

A(n) _______ involving running a test multiple times while changing one variable, leaving the others the same

controlled experiment

A college campus including the students, birds, trees, sidewalks, and air makes up one complete ________.

ecosystem

The theme of ______________ explores processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration within an organism and transfers of food and substances within an ecosystem.

energy and matter pathways

A(n) _______ is is a proposed explanation for a set of observations. It leads to predictions that can be tested by additional observations or by experiments.

hypothesis

The theme of _________ explores how life communicates, both within one organism and between different organisms.

information flow

The theme of __________ explores multiple levels of organization and how new properties emerge as parts of a system work together.

interconnections

By definition, a theory ________________.

is supported by a large body of evidence

A _______ a group in which no response is expected.

negative control

Many medical studies include a control group in which patients receive a medically ineffective treatment that resembles the treatment tested. What do we call the ineffective treatment?

placebo

Many medical studies show that patients who receive a treatment feel better even if the treatment was an ineffective sugar pill. What is this phenomenon called?

placebo effect

A ______ a group in which a known response is expected.

positive control

Scientists use a general process known as the______ to ask and answer questions about nature.

scientific method

The theme of _________ explores the way an organism is built relative to the way it works.

structure and function

Hypotheses must be ________.

testable, falsifiable and repeatable

A(n) ____ is broader in scope than a hypothesis, is supported by a large body of evidence, and generates many new hypotheses.

theory

Which of the following terms describes an aspect of a scientific experiment that changes?

variable

What is the main difference between an ecosystem and a community?

A community consists of living organisms only, while an ecosystem consists of both living organisms and their nonliving environment

The theme of ______ explores how natural selection has shaped life and forms the underlying foundation of biology.

Evolution

Skin is sometimes referred to as the largest organ of the body. Why is skin considered to be an organ and not a tissue or some other structure?

Skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perform a specific task

In all muscle cells, two kinds of protein filaments slide past each other to shorten the muscle cell and generate force. What broad theme of biology does muscle illustrate?

Structure and function

Certain parasites, such as intestinal tapeworms, cannot survive outside of their host. Why are they still considered alive?

Survival outside of a host is not a requirement for life

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis-driven controlled experiment?

Testing a hypothesis using groups that differ only by the one variable under consideration

Which of the following is not a characteristic of life?

The ability to move