Biology Unit 8

Which of the following lists the levels of biological organization in order from simplest to most complex? A) cell, cardiac muscle, heart, cardiovascular system, human B) heart, human, cell, cardiac muscle, cardiovascular system C) cell, heart, human, cardiovascular system, cardiac muscle D) cardiac muscle, cell, human, heart, cardiovascular system E) human, heart, cardiovascular system, cardiac muscle, cell

A) cell, cardiac muscle, heart, cardiovascular system, human

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of __________. A) fat B) blood forming cells C) Sharpey's fibers D) elastic tissue

A) fat

Nutrients that are deemed to be "essential" are those which A) the body is not able to produce B) are needed in very low quantities C) the body is able to produce so no food source is needed D) cannot be found within the food sources E) make up a large proportion of the body

A) the body is not able to produce

At what age do bones reach their peak density? A) at birth B) early adulthood C) late adulthood D) early childhood

B) early adulthood

Micronutrients A) include carbohydrates B) include vitamins and minerals C) supply the body's energy needs D) include lipids and proteins E) are needed in large quantities

B) include vitamins and minerals

Muscle tone is __________. A) the condition of athletes after intensive training B) the feeling of well being following exercise C) a state of sustained partial contraction D) the ability of a muscle to efficiently cause skeletal movements

C) a state of sustained partial contraction

Which is not a function of blood? A) defend the body against infection B) form clots C) all are functions of blood D) regulate body temperature E) transport substances

C) all are functions of blood

Energy needs are supplied by A) antioxidants B) essential amino acids C) carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins D) micronutrients E) fiber

C) carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Proteins must be ingested in order to obtain A) needed vitamins such as vitamin C B) needed minerals such as potassium and magnesium C) essential amino acids D) necessary trans fats E) essential cholesterol

C) essential amino acids

Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What effect will this have on the ability of people with this disease to carry out gas exchange? A) it will decrease the ability to exhale but the ability to inhale will be unaffected B) it will lower the surface area for gas exchange, decreasing gas exchange C) it will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchange D) it will have no effect on their ability to carry out gas exchange E) it will cause a buildup of mucus in their respiratory tract, decreasing gas exchange

C) it will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchange

The single most important risk for skin cancer is _____________. A) genetics B) use of farm chemicals C) overexposure to UV radiation D) race

C) overexposure to UV radiation

Which of the following minerals is typically overconsumed by Americans? A) cholesterol B) iron C) sodium D) calcium E) potassium

C) sodium

Most metabolic wastes leave the body through the production of ________ by the __________. A) feces; digestive system B) carbon dioxide; respiratory system C) urine; urinary system D) carbon dioxide; urinary system E) urine; digestive system

C) urine; urinary system

If your body is dehydrated, the control center in the brain will stimulate the release of a hormone which causes the reabsorption of water into the blood during urine formation. When the control center senses that enough water is reabsorbed, it will stop the release of the hormone. This is an example of A) response to external stimuli B) lack of control over homeostasis C) a combination of negative and positive feedback D) a negative feedback mechanism E) a positive feedback mechanism

D) a negative feedback mechanism

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? A) storage of minerals B) support C) production of blood cells (hematopoiesis) D) communication

D) communication

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand torsion stresses? A) irregular bone B) trabecular bone C) spongy bone D) compact bone

D) compact bone

List the levels of organization of the body from simple to complex. 1. organ system 2. organs 3. tissue 4. organ 5. cell A) 2,4,1,3,5 B) 2,4,5,1,3 C) 5,2,4,1,3 D) 1,2,3,4,5 E) 5,3,4,1,2

E) 5,3,4,1,2

Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system? A) eliminate dead bacteria B) eliminate bile pigments from the breakdown of hemoglobin C) absorb nutrients D) eliminate nondigestible food E) eliminate nitrogenous waste

E) eliminate nitrogenous waste

Lipids A) add to fecal bulk B) regulate metabolism and physiological development C) should be reduced as much as possible in the diet D) are found only in low amounts in animal sources of food E) may be used to make certain hormones and vitamin D

E) may be used to make certain hormones and vitamin D

Movement of body parts directly requires the A) endocrine system and nervous system B) nervous system and endocrine system C) skeletal system and digestive system D) muscular system and cardiovascular system E) muscular system and skeletal system

E) muscular system and skeletal system