Biopsych Exam 2

True or False: A male montane vole given a vasopressin antagonist drug will show an increase in pair bonding behavior.

False

True or False: Current evidence suggests that hunger and eating are regulated by the need to maintain energy resources at a "set point".

False

Name an example of a satiety peptide.

Glucagon, cholecystokinin, bombesin

What is seen during the cephalic phase of energy metabolism?

High levels of insulin in the bloodstream

Name an example of a hunger peptide.

Neuropeptide, galanin, orexin, ghrelin

What is commonly prescribed as a hypnotic?

Valium

Sex hormones are released from the ____________________, whereas gonadotropic hormones are released by the ______________________.

gonads ; anterior pituitary

Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most characteristic of which type of sleep?

stage 2 non-REM sleep

The body primarily stores energy in the form of

Fat

At which time of day is melatonin production by the pineal gland expected to be highest?

12:00 AM (midnight)

In the classic "sham eating" study with rats, it was found that rats in the sham eating group...

Ate their usual amount when given a familiar food and much more than usual when given a novel food.

True or False: Dreaming only occurs during REM sleep

False

True or False: Estradiol increases the size of the SDN in females.

False

True or False: Somnambulism (sleep walking) occurs when a person is having a vivid dream during REM sleep.

False

True or False: A egg cell (ovum) has two X chromosomes.

False

Which of the following drugs would be most likely to act as an appetite suppressant? A drug that binds to and stimulates serotonin receptors in the brain A drug that binds to and blocks serotonin receptors in the brain A drug that blocks the synthesis of serotonin A drug that breaks serotonin down as soon as it is released

A drug that binds to and stimulates serotonin receptors in the brain

What type of drugs would be expected to shorten or block REM sleep?

A drug that increases serotonergic activity

Which of the following is true regarding the influence of sex hormones on cognition in men and women? Testosterone enhances spatial performance in men and estrogen enhances recognition memory in women. Testosterone enhances spatial performance in men but inhibits it in women. Estrogen enhance recognition memory in women but inhibits it in men. All of the above

All of the above

Mutations in clock genes have been linked to this psychiatric disorder (not looking for a sleep phase syndrome here).

Bipolar disorder

Name an area of the brain that shows increased activity during REM sleep and an area of the brain that shows decreased activity during REM sleep. Be sure to specify which is which.

Increased: limbic system, pons, parietal cortex, temporal cortex Decreased: prefrontal cortex, primary visual cortex, motor cortex

Which of the following leads to the development of female reproductive ducts? Testosterone inhibiting the Mullerian system and promoting the Wolffian system Estrogen inhibiting the Mullerian system and promoting the Wolffian system Lack of testosterone promoting the Mullerian system and preventing the Wolffian system Lack of testosterone promoting the Wolffian system and preventing the Mullerian system

Lack of testosterone promoting the Mullerian system and preventing the Wolffian system

When Simon LeVay examined interstitial nucleus 3 (INAH-3) in 41 people who had died, he found that it was:

Larger in male heterosexuals than either female heterosexuals or male homosexuals.

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding leptin? Adipose (fat) tissue has receptors for leptin. Leptin injections reduce eating behavior and body weight in obese humans but not in ob/ob mice. Leptin injections reduce eating behavior and body weight in ob/ob mice but not in obese humans. Most obese individuals have low levels of circulating leptin.

Leptin injections reduce eating behavior and body weight in ob/ob mice but not in obese humans.

A genetically male embryo is found to have a mutation in the SRY gene that renders it unable to produce testis-determining factor. Which of the following will occur as development proceeds from the embryonic stage to the fetal stage?

The fetus will develop ovaries.

In a series of experiments in rats, Weingarten et al. repeatedly paired a light/buzzer stimulus with the presentation of food over a period of 11 days. After this training period, they made food freely available to the rats and randomly presented the light/buzzer. What did they find?

The rats ate the food whenever the light/buzzer was presented, even if they had just finished a meal.

True or False: Lesions to the lateral hypothalamus produce aphagia (cessation of eating).

True

True or False: Levels of the circadian proteins Period (Per) and Timeless (Tim) are low early in the morning, rise throughout the day, and drop through the night.

True

Which of the following would be likely to show a circadian rhythm? the time you eat breakfast every morning your body's sensitivity to a medication you take daily the time you wake up every morning all of the above

all of the above

Which of these can serve as a time cue (zeitgeber) for influencing circadian rhythms? exercise eating light all of the above

all of the above

Which type of EEG wave predominates during non-REM stages 3 and 4 sleep?

delta

Functional imaging studies have found that individuals with anorexia display increased activity in the

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Several studies have shown that a significant proportion of people who chronically cheat in relationships have a gene mutation that results in lower numbers of receptors for this hormone .

vasopressin