Blood Vessel Connect

Why do fluids leave the capillaries at the arterial end?

The net filtration pressure of the blood is higher at the arterial end than it is at the venous end.

What is(are) the physiological purposes of vasoreflexes?

To cause a generalized raising or lowering of blood pressure throughout the body and to selectively modify the perfusion of a particular organ by rerouting blood from one region of the body to another

The action potential from the brain to the heart travels along which nerve(s)?

Vagus nerve

Which of the following does not aid in venous return?

Venule suction

The ________ is the first vessel blood enters upon exiting the heart.

aorta

Just prior to entering capillary beds, _____________ have become extremely thin and present only a few layers of smooth muscle.

arterioles

This shift in fluid balance at the arterial end is referred to as ____________ pressure.

hydrostatic

The ____________ expand and recoil with every heart beat due to a histologically dominant network of elastic tissue in the tunica media.

large (elastic) arteries

The superior vena cava is an example of a ________ that includes smooth muscle circularly and longitudinally arranged in the tunica media and externa, respectively.

large vein

This is the physical force exerted by a _______ against a surface like a capillary wall.

liquid

Vasoconstriction primarily results from contraction of smooth muscle in the tunica __________.

media

The __________ contain abundant but irregularly spaced smooth muscle with frequent valves present in the tunica interna.

medium veins

The net osmotic pressure is equal at both the arterial and the venous ends of the capillary.

true

Fluid will then osmotically reenter at the _______ end

venous

After exiting the capillary, _________ contain no muscle and are the first vessel that blood enters on its way back to the heart.

venules

This fluid delivers materials to the cells and removes its _______

waste.

Where are baroreceptors found?

Carotid sinuses

Which of the following is not a mechanism that assists venous return?

Central venous pressure being greater than pressure in the venules

How do materials get from the blood to the surrounding tissues?

Diffusion, filtration and absorption, and transcytosis

Heart rate and stroke volume decrease with a decrease in parasympathetic stimulation.

False

Increased sympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation, bringing elevated blood pressure back to normal.

False

The lymphatic capillaries reabsorb as much as 20% of the fluid lost by the blood capillaries.

False

Action potentials are conducted from the baroreceptors to the brain via which nerve?

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Where are arterial anastomoses, in which two arteries merge, found?

In the coronary circulation

Approximately what percent of fluid that exits the capillaries at the arterial end reenters the capillaries at the venous end?

90%

The site of gaseous exchange, or ____________, are characterized by extremely thin walls with only endothelium and basal lamina, which better suits diffusional requirements.

capillaries

Typically, fluid filters _______ the arterial end of a capillary.

out