Bone Development

39. Chondrocytes multiply in the zone of __________ of the metaphysis. A. reserve cartilage B. cell proliferation C. cell hypertrophy D. calcification E. bone deposition

B. cell proliferation

40. Mature bones are remodeled throughout life via a process known as __________. A. intramembranous ossification B. endochondral ossification C. interstitial growth D. appositional growth E. metaphysical growth

D. appositional growth

44. The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________. A. mineralization B. mineral deposition C. crystallization D. resorption E. ossification

D. resorption

43. A growing long bone in a child has only two areas of cartilage at the epiphysis. These two areas are the __________. A. elastic cartilage and epiphyseal plate B. epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line C. primary and secondary ossification centers D. fibrocartilage and articular cartilage E. articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

E. articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

38. Achondroplastic dwarfism is a hereditary condition, in which the long bones of the limbs fail to elongate normally because of reduced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cartilage in the __________. A. primary ossification center B. secondary ossification center C. primary bone marrow D. secondary bone marrow E. epiphyseal plate

E. epiphyseal plate

41. Bone elongation is a result of __________. A. cartilage growth B. muscle growth C. osseous tissue growth D. fibrous membrane addition E. dense irregular connective tissue addition

A. cartilage growth

37. The __________ is a marginal zone of the epiphyseal plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage. A. metaphysis B. primary ossification center C. secondary ossification center D. osteoid tissue E. epiphyseal line

A. metaphysis

35. Intramembranous ossification produces the __________. A. irregular bones of the vertebrae B. flat bones of the skull C. long bones of the limbs D. short bones of the wrist E. short bones of the ankle

B. flat bones of the skull

42. Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of __________. A. different diets on bone elongation B. mechanical stress on bone remodeling C. temperature on bone growth D. age on bone thickening E. sex on bone widening

B. mechanical stress on bone remodeling

36. In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is __________, which is replaced by bone. A. embryonic mesenchyme B. fibrous membranes C. hyaline cartilage D. transitional epithelium E. fibrocartilage

C. hyaline cartilage