Bones (Test 2)

Humans have __________ cervical vertebrae.

7

Which bone below would feel diamond shaped, relatively small, and have a hole in its center?

Atlas

The central canal in an osteon is also called the __________.

Haversian canal

Which statement best describes how the interstitial lamellae are different from the concentric lamellae?

Interstitial lamellae are partial osteons located between the concentric lamellae of complete osteons.

How does heat change bone tissue?

It denatures the proteins, leaving only the inorganic matrix.

What did the acid treatment do to the structure of the bone?

It dissolved the minerals in the bone matrix.

Which statement best describes how the lacuna is different from the canaliculus?

The lacuna houses the osteocyte, while the canaliculus houses the cytoplasmic extension of the osteocyte.

Which of the following is true of all three types of cartilage?

They lack direct access to the blood supply.

The false ribs are inferior to the true ribs.

True

Transverse foramina are found on the cervical vertebrae.

True

Of these bones, which would feel like a small, flat, thin plate in one plane and then have an even smaller thin, flat plate perpendicular to the main plate?

Vomer

Which fontanelle is the largest?

anterior (frontal)

The __________ bony feature is typically only found in babies.

anterior fontanelle

The skeleton is subdivided into two divisions. The bones of the head, neck, and trunk, which are located medially near the body's center of gravity, are called the __________ skeleton.

axial

Where can the hyoid bone be palpated?

beneath the chin

Which region of the sternum articulates with the greatest number of ribs?

body

rounded central weight-bearing portion

body

Which structure(s) connect(s) the blood supplies of the periosteum with the central canals?

canaliculi

One of the __________ vertebra is entirely missing a body/centrum.

cervical

The tailbone is also known as the __________.

coccyx

Which component of bone provides flexible strength that resists tension

collagen

Which component of bone provides flexible strength that resists tension?

collagen

Which bone feature is ONLY found on thoracic vertebrae?

costal facets

What is the term for the shaft of a long bone?

diaphysis

The medial epicondyle of the humerus can be palpated at the __________.

distal end

On what bone is the crista galli found?

ethmoid

midline prominence posterior to the foramen magnum

external occipital protuberance

Intervertebral discs are pads of __________ that cushion the vertebrae and absorb shock.

fibrocartilage

The ________ forms the meniscus.

fibrocartilage

The pubic symphysis is composed of __________, which holds together two bones very tightly, providing strong support and resistance to pressure.

fibrocartilage

The anterior and posterior fontanels are composed of __________.

fibrous connective tissue

When you feel the bulge of the lateral malleolus, which bone are you palpating?

fibula

Which type of bone is the sternum?

flat bone

What is the proper term used to describe a small hole going through a bone?

foramen

The vertebral column consists of how many curvatures?

four

The __________ suture is usually only found in young children.

frontal

Which bone is small and pea-shaped?

hamate

If you feel a bone with a round ball at one end, a long round tube through the middle, and a double bump at the other end, it is most likely the __________.

humerus

The ________ attaches the ribs to the sternum.

hyaline cartilage

At the epiphyseal plate, which zone is characterized by older cartilage cells that are enlarging?

hypertrophic zone

When you rest your hands on your hips, you are actually palpating the __________.

iliac crests

Which bone has a broad, flat, smooth blade?

ilium

medial orbit; tear passageway

lacrimal bone

In a cross section of compact bone, where are osteocytes found?

lacunae

The female pelvic inlet is __________ than that of the male.

larger

The glenoid cavity is on the __________ aspect of the scapula.

lateral

lower jawbone

mandible

middle of the chin

mandibular symphysis

temporal bone; behind the ear

mastoid process

upper jawbones

maxillae

Bone projections include __________.

muscle and ligament attachment sites

On what bone is the foramen magnum found?

occipital

The process of bone formation is also called __________.

ossification

The conical protrusions on some of the fetal cranial bones are called __________.

ossification (growth) centers

The mature bone cell found in compact bone tissue is the __________.

osteocyte

Lacunae within the osteons house __________.

osteocytes

posterior hard palate

palatine bones

Which bone has a greater sciatic notch?

pelvic bone

The __________ helps anchor tendons to the outside of bones and houses the cells required for bone growth, repair, and remodeling.

periosteum

What tissue is wrapped directly around the outside of compact bone?

periosteum

The olecranon can be palpated on the __________ aspect of the ulna.

posterior

The olecranon fossa is on the __________ side of the humerus.

posterior

How can the spine of the scapula be palpated?

posteriorly

The anterior junction of the hip bones is called the __________.

pubic symphysis

In the human anatomical position, which forearm bone is in the most lateral position?

radius

A fused part of the vertebral column is the __________.

sacrum

All of the following bones form the deep socket called the acetabulum EXCEPT for the __________.

sacrum

The ossa coxae (hip bones) articulate posteriorly with which bone?

sacrum

How many true ribs (ones that attach directly to the sternum) are there?

seven pairs

The female pelvis as a whole is __________ than the male pelvis.

shallower

Which type of bone is about the same length as it is wide?

short bone

What is the proper term used to describe a bone's sharp process?

spine

single medial and posterior projection important for muscle attachment

spinous process

Bone tissue that is composed of trabeculae (columns) of bone and a lot of open space is classified as __________.

spongy bone

The trabeculae are located in __________.

spongy bone

Which bone feels flat from end to end?

sternum

superior orbital margin

supraorbital foramen

On what bone is the styloid process found?

temporal

On what bone is the zygomatic process found?

temporal

The greater trochanter of the femur is easier to locate in females than in males because __________.

the female pelvis is wider

If you feel a bone that has a flat top on one end, has a long round tube through the middle, and is roughly L-shaped at the other end, it is most likely the __________.

tibia

two lateral projections that articulate with the ribs in thoracic region

transverse processes

Which bone has a trochlear notch?

ulna

Which bone feels round on one side, has a post sticking out the opposite side, and has a large hole in the center?

vertebra

nasal septum

vomer

Where is the posterior fontanel located?

where the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures meet

What fills the central (medullary) cavity of the shaft of a long bone in an adult?

yellow marrow

cheekbone

zygomatic bone