BOP CHAPTER 2
A peptide bond occurs between the ______ groups of adjacent amino acids in polypeptides. a. amino and carboxyl b. sulfhydryl c. amino and phosphate d. carboxyl and hydroxyl e. amino
a
The common transport form of sugar in plants is ______ and in animals is ______. a.sucrose; glucose b.glucose; sucrose c.starch; sucrose d.maltose; lactose e.fructose; maltose
a
What is the most abundant organic compound known? a. cellulose b. sucrose c. DNA d. phospholipid e. starch
a
Which are examples of triglycerides? a. oils and fats b. fats and steroids c. oils and starches d. starches and proteins e. proteins and fats
a
Which of the following is characterized by the presence of four interconnected hydrocarbon rings? a. steroids b. lignin c. epicuticular wax d. phospholipids e. triglycerides
a
Which of the following statements about secondary metabolites is FALSE? a. They are found in all cells of a plant. b. Some function as chemical signals or in the defense of the plant against herbivores. c. They frequently are synthesized in one part of the plant and stored in another. d. Some are produced only after the plant has been damaged. e. Their concentration in a plant can vary greatly over a 24-hour period.
a
_________ is a monosaccharide, and ______________ is a disaccharide. a.Fructose; lactose b.Maltose; ribose c.Cellulose; sucrose d.Sucrose; glucose e.Maltose; lactose
a
A common ______ structure of proteins involves a hydrogen bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of an amino acid farther along the peptide chain. a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary e. pentenary
b
The main function of cutin and suberin is to: a. serve as structural components of cellular membranes. b. prevent water loss. c. catalyze chemical reactions. d. provide strength to the cell wall. e. serve as hormones.
b
The monomers of nucleic acids are: a. DNA and RNA. b. nucleotides. c. ribose and deoxyribose. d. ATP and ADP. e. genes.
b
The monomers of proteins are: a. monosaccharides. b. amino acids. c. glycerol and fatty acids. d. nucleotides. e. fused hydrocarbon rings
b
The most abundant organic molecules in nature are: a.proteins. b.carbohydrates. c.lipids. d.nucleic acids. e.water molecules.
b
The most water-repellant of the lipids are: a. steroids b. waxes c. celluloses d. suberins e. cutins
b
The principal role of ATP in the cell is: a. catalyzing chemical reactions. b. providing energy. c. serving as structural support. d. functioning as a hormone. e. keeping the phospholipid tails of membranes aligned
b
When a polypeptide undergoes hydrolysis, the products are: a. glycerols and fatty acids b. amino acids c. monosaccharides d. nucleotides e. polysaccharides
b
Which of the following statements about hydrolysis reactions is FALSE? a.They are energy-yielding reactions. b.They are a type of condensation reaction. c.They involve the addition of a molecule of water. d.An example is the conversion of a polymer to its monomers. e.An example is the conversion of disaccharides to monosaccharides.
b
______ is a secondary metabolite responsible for adding compressive strength, stiffness, and waterproofing to the plant cell wall. a. Tannin b. Lignin c. Cellulose d. Flavone e. Flavonol
b
A fat differs from a phospholipid in that a fat contains: a. a phosphate group b. 1 glycerol c. 3 fatty acids d. a steroid e. a wax
c
How many different kinds of amino acids are used to build proteins? a. 5 b. 10 c. 20 d. 50 e. 100
c
The largest group of plant phenolics are the: a. tannins. b. cardiac glycosides. c. flavonoids. d. lignins. e. salicylic acids
c
The principal polysaccharide in the plant cell wall is: a.starch. b.fructan. c.cellulose. d.glycogen. e.sucrose.
c
The subunits of a nucleotide are a(n): a. five-carbon sugar and an amino acid. b. amino acid, glycerol, and a fatty acid. c. five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. d. nitrogenous base, an amino acid, and a monosaccharide. e. phosphate group, a disaccharide, and a fatty acid.
c
Which of the following is a primary metabolite? a. phytoalexin b. morphine c. glucose d. taxol e. rubber
c
Nucleic acids are different from proteins in that nucleic acids contain: a. carbon. b. hydrogen. c. nitrogen. d. phosphorus. e. sulfur
d
The ______ structure of a protein involves interactions between two or more polypeptide chains. a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary e. pentenary
d
Which of the following consists of beta-glucose subunits? a. amylose b. amylopectin c. chitin d. cellulose e. glycogen
d
Adenosine triphosphate is a type of: a. fatty acid. b. amino acid. c. enzyme. d. steroid. e. nucleotide
e
In all organisms except prokaryotes, an important role of sterols is to: a. serve as storage forms of energy. b. prevent water loss. c. catalyze chemical reactions. d. provide strength to the cell wall. e. stabilize the phospholipid tails in cell membranes.
e
The major classes of secondary plant metabolites are: a. sugars and proteins. b. alkaloids and sugars. c. nucleic acids, alkaloids, and phenolics. d. terpenoids, phenolics, and proteins. e. alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids.
e
The tertiary structure of a protein is a result of all of the following EXCEPT: a. the folding of the secondary structure. b. the linear sequence of amino acids. c. the formation of disulfide bridges. d. interactions among the R groups of a single polypeptide. e. interactions between two or more polypeptide chains.
e
Which of the following statements about enzymes is FALSE? a. They are globular proteins. b. They enable cells to carry out chemical reactions at room temperature. c. They lower the energy of activation. d. They can be used over and over again. e. They are always present at the optimum pH
e
Which substance makes up more than half of all living matter and more than 90 percent of the weight of most plant tissues? a.Protein b.Cellulose c.Starch d.Triglyceride e.Water
e
________ is composed of two sugar subunits linked covalently. a.Cellulose b.Fructose c.Ribose d.Glucose e.Sucrose
e
