Broom Test 2

1) What is the lifetime prevalence of MDD and dysthymia? 2) These are twice as common for men or women? 3) ________ times as common among people in poverty? 4) Does prevalence and symptoms vary across cultures? 5) What are the two signs of depression for children? 6) What about adults? 7) What disorder is MDD co-morbid with and at what rate? 8) Are you more or less likely to experience MDD as you get older?

1) 16.5% and 2.5% 2) Women 3) Three 4) Yes 5) Stomach and headaches 6) Distractability and forgetfulness 7) Anxiety disorder and 2/3 of patients with MDD also meet criteria for anxiety 8) Less

1) Depression increases the risk of suicide by how much? 2) What about bipolar disorder? 3) What is the percentage worldwide of people that report suicide ideation (thoughts of suicide)? 4) Percentage of people that have attempted suicide? 5) Men are how many more times likely to kill themselves? 6) Sucicide rate increases or decreases in old age? 7) Children under 15 usually kill themselves how? 8) Being divorced or widowed increases suicide by how much? 9) Suicide rate in united states per year?

1) 6 times 2) 7 times 3) 9% 4) 2.5% 5) 4 times 6) Increases (highest is over 50) 7) Jump off bridge or run in front of car 8) Four or five times 9) 1 in 10,000 per year

1) What are the three most abused substances? 2) How does marijuana work?

1) Alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine 2) Increases blood flow to brain regions associated with emotions

1) 80% of those with anxiety disorder meet criteria for what? 2) 60% of those with anxiety disorder meet criteria for what? 3) What else is comorbid with anxiety disorder? 4) Women or men are twice as likely to have anxiety disorder? 5) What are some of the explanations for why women would be higher in anxiety? 6) Are somatic symptoms the same across cultures for anxiety disorder? 7) Is there a strong genetic vulnerability for increasing amount of anxiety disorders? 8) There is decreased functioning of GABA and serotonin, but you have an increase in what hormone? 9) What part of the brain is overactive amygdala or hippocampus? 10) Is neuroticism also related to anxiety disorders?

1) Another anxiety disorder 2) Depression 3) Substance abuse, personality disorders, and medical disorders (heart disease) 4) Women 5) More likely to report it, men encouraged to face fears, women more likely to have sexual abuse, and women have more stress reactivity 6) Yes 7) Yes 8) Norepinephrine 9) Amygdala 10) Yes

1) What is the definition of anxiety? 2) What about fear? 3) Both involve physiological arousal which activates what part of the nervous system? 4) Fear triggers "fight or flight" or "rest and digest"? 5) What does the Yerkes Dodson curve show us with performance and arousal with anxiety? 6) What disorders are considered to be the most common psychiatric disorders? 7) What is a phobia? 8) Is the fear in proportion to the actual threat? 9) Are they aware that this fear they have is excessive? 10) It is not a phobia unless what?

1) Apprehension of a future threat 2) Fear is a response to an immediate threat 3) Sympathetic nervous system 4) Fight or flight 5) We will perform best with medium amounts of arousal/anxiety 6) Anxiety disorders 7) Disruptive fear of a particular object or situation 8) No 9) Yes 10) It causes distress or interferes with life

1) What are the 4 A's of schizophrenia? 2) Describe associations? 3) When words or ideas are not related, what is this called? 4) Describe affect? 5) Describe autism? 6) Describe ambivalence? 7) Are they said to have a "disheveled" appearance? 8) Are people with schizophrenia able to live alone? 9) Do they have high rates of suicide and death? 10) What age are you safe from schizophrenia if you do not develop it by then? 11) Seen more in men or women? 12) What race is this diagnosed more frequently in? 13) Why is it better for females to get it?

1) Association, affect, autism, and ambivalence 2) This is the disordered thinking of schizophrenia 3) Word salad 4) Lack of emotional expressiveness 5) Social withdrawal 6) Lack of motivation 7) Yes 8) No 9) Yes 10) 30 11) Men 12) Blacks 13) They usually get it when they are older and they are less likely to have psychotic episodes

1) What needs to be seen for Bipolar I? 2) What about Bipolar II? 3) What is cyclothymic disorder (cyclothymia) considered? 4) How long does it last in adults? 5) What about children? 6) What needs to be seen in cyclothymia? 7) Does it meet criteria for mania or major depressive disorder? 8) Are the prevalence rates more or less than MDD? 9) Which of the three are seen the most and which is seen the least? 10) What is the average age of onset? 11) May people not be treated for cyclothymia because it doesn't really interfere with their lives? 12) What type of therapy may help cyclothymia? 13) Are delusions/hallucinations mood dependent?

1) At least one episode of mania 2) At least one MDD episode and one episode of hypomania 3) Milder, but chronic bipolar disorder 4) 2 years 5) 1 year 6) Numerous periods of hypomania and depressive symptoms 7) No 8) Less 9) Most is cyclothymia and least is bipolar 1 10) 20 11) Yes 12) Cognitive behavioral 13) Yes

1) What are the three types of bipolar disorders? 2) What is a defining feature of all three of them? 3) So, what are they differentiated by? 4) What do bipolar disorders usually involve in addition to mania? 5) What is hypermania and hypomania? 6) Describe a manic episode? 7) What are some symptoms of manic or hypomanic episodes? 8) How long do these symptoms last for for a manic episode? 9) For a hypomanic episode, symptoms last for at least 4 days, but what is not seen?

1) Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and cyclothymia 2) Mania 3) Severity and duration of mania 4) Depression 5) Hyper is severe form of mania and hypo is mild form 6) Abnormal amounts of energy or irritable mood 7) Increase goal orientation, rapid speech, decreased need for sleep, increased self esteem, involvement in reckless behaviors 8) One week (usually requires hospital) 9) Impairment

1) What drug is there a link to schizophrenia? 2) Is the genetic vulnerability higher if someone in your family that is close to you has it? 3) Is schizophrenia believed to be caused by one gene? 4) Which have stronger genetic component, negative or positive symptoms? 5) What is the dopamine theory? 6) The drugs that schizophrenics take reduce or increase dopamine? 7) This theory has been revised, what does it say now? 8) If we have a lack of dopamine what are we likely to get? 9) Why does dopamine theory not completely explain the disorder? 10) What do antipsychotics block? 11) To be effective antipsychotics must reduce dopamine activity below or at normal levels?

1) Cannabis 2) Yes 3) No 4) Negative 5) Idea that the disorder is due to excessive levels of dopamine 6) Reduce (increasing would cause psychosis) 7) There may be excess numbers of dopamine receptors or oversensitive receptors 8) Parkinson's 9) There are other neurotransmitters involved (serotonin, GABA, glutamate) 10) dopamine 11) Below

1) What happens with hoarding disorder? 2) Are most aware or unaware of the problem? (on test) 3) What type of hoarding does 33% of hoarders participate in? 4) What are the two consequences of hoarding? 5) What would be the evolutionary perspective of this? 6) What would cognitive behavioral psychologists say about this disorder? 7) What are the two medicine treatments for this?

1) Cannot part with acquired objects 2) Unaware 3) Animal hoarding 4) Negatively impacts relationships and bad living conditions 5) Stockpiling resources 6) These people just have bad organizational skills 7) SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants

1) What is persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) considered? 2) Adults must show depressed mood for how long? 3) What about children/adolescents? 4) What is controversial of this? 5) Why is it difficult to treat? 6) Symptoms are pretty much the same as MDD, but how many must they have? 7) Do majority of patients develop MDD over time?

1) Chronic depressive disorder 2) 2 years 3) 1 year 4) It could just be part of their personality 5) Many people do not respond to medicine or psychotherapy 6) At least two symptoms 7) Yes

Three major somatic symptom disorders?

1) Complex somatic symptom disorder 2) Illness anxiety disorder 3) Functional neurological syndrome

1) The second trauma related disorder is reactive attachment disorder, what is this? 2) Do they respond at all when comforted? 3) These are common for what type of children? 4) Why do they not usually get close to others?

1) Consistent pattern of being emotionally withdrawn toward adult caregivers 2) No 3) Foster children 4) If they get too close and their possible foster parent leaves it could cause harm

1) What are two positive symptoms? 2) What are delusions? 3) Are delusional people resistant to disconfirming evidence? 4) What are hallucinations? 5) What are the three types of hallucinations? 6) Is positive vs negative just adding or taking away symptoms? 7) What are the three most common voices that they hear?

1) Delusions and hallucinations 2) Firmly held beliefs contrary to reality 3) Yes 4) Sensory experiences without sensory stimulation 5) Auditory, visual, and hearing voices 6) Yes 7) God, devil, and president

Now moving onto schizophrenia... 1) Emil Kraepelin came up with the first name for schizophrenia, what was it? 2) When did he say this develops? 3) Is it chronic or acute? 4) What was the three word definition of this? 5) There was also Eugen Bleuler who did what? 6) He recognized the cognitive impairment and named it what? 7) What was Kurt Schneider's "First ranked symptoms"? 8) What are the symptoms?

1) Dementia praecox 2) Early in life 3) Chronic 4) Deterioration reminded dementia 5) Renamed it schizophrenia 6) Splitting of the mind 7) He noted symptoms as the most important indicators of schizophrenia 8) Hallucinations, delusions, thought insertion/removal, and thought broadcasting

1) Half of people who attempt suicide have what disorder? 2) If parents attempted suicide, are children more likely to commit suicide and by how much? 3) What neurotransmitter is low? 4) Which system in the brain is overactive? 5) Does suicide increase if someone famous does it? 6) What are some signs of suicide? 7) What is the best way to prevent suicide? 8) Are college students more or less likely to commit suicide?

1) Depression 2) Yes and 6 times 3) Serotonin 4) HPA system 5) Yes 6) Fatigue, social withdrawal, appetite and eating changes, giving away prized possession, making goodbye letters 7) Make a contract with a person that if they attempt to do anything they tell you first 8) Less likely

1) What are the two types of mood disorders? 2) Does a mood disorder negatively impact someones life? 3) What is the difference between mood and emotion? 4) What are the 4 types of depressive disorders?

1) Depressive and bipolar 2) Yes 3) Mood is longer term while emotion is based on current feelings 4) Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Two paths to alcohol abuse with youth are what? Which path do guys take and which do girls take? Carlos suddenly stopped taking his meth and died after becoming violently sick, this is an example of what?

1) Drinking in early adolescence increased drinking throughout high school 2) Drinking less in early adolescence and increased in high school 3) Guys take first one and girls second 4) Severe withdrawal symptoms

1) Another is PTSD, what is this? 2) What are symptoms of this? 3) What two things play a role in PTSD? (on test) 4) What is the most common severe stressor of PTSD? 5) Does the trauma lead to intense fear and helplessness?

1) Extreme response to a severe stressor 2) Anxiety, avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma, emotional numbing 3) Severity and type of trauma 4) Rape 5) Yes

1) What is the goal of scheduled smoking? 2) What is the most effective way to stop smoking? 3) The success rate of nicotine gum increases when combined with what? 4) What is methadone? 5) What does it address? 6) Does it give a person a high? 7) Why is it difficult to study success rate of residential treatment for drug use?

1) Gradual reduction of nicotine intake 2) Scheduled smoking 3) Antidepressants 4) Synthetic narcotic for treatment of heroin addiction 5) Their cravings 6) No 7) People who go there go voluntarily and represent a small number of people addicted

1) What are possible causes of OCD? 2) OCD usually builds over the years, but some children develop PANDAS/PANS, explain? 3) What virus do they believe this is associated with? 4) What is the difference between the way people think in people with OCD vs OCPD? 5) What about scheduling/rules for OCD vs OCPD? 6) TEST QUESTION; what are the three words to describe the difference between OCD and OCPD?

1) Hyperactive regions of the brain, operant reinforcement (compulsions reinforced by reduction of anxiety) and subjective feeling of completion 2) This is a sudden onset, in a matter of 24-48 hours, of OCD 3) Strep (immune system attacks basal ganglia instead of disease) 4) OCD they know their obsessions/compulsions are not reasonable, but OCPD they believe nothing is wrong with them 5) OCD these are stressful and unpleasant and OCPD it makes them comfortable 6) Insight, distress, and time

1) There are different types of psychological treatments for mood disorders, one is interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), explain? 2) Cognitive therapy? 3) Mindfulness based cognitive therapy? (MBCT) 4) What is one strategy of MBCT? 5) Behavioral activation therapy? 6) Behavioral couples therapy? 7) Electroconvulsive therapy? 8) What is one side effect of ECT?

1) IPT focuses on current relationships and you focus on one or two goals to cope with certain relationships 2) Replacing negative thoughts with more positive thoughts 3) Strategies to prevent relapse 4) Meditation 5) Increase participation in positive activities 6) Enhance communication and satisfaction 7) Induces brain seizure, but it is more effective than medications 8) Memory loss

1) One major theory for dissociative identity disorder stems from the posttraumatic model, what is this? 2) What was the percent of those that reported sexual abuse and those that reported physical abuse? 3) Another major theory is the sociocognitive model, what is this? 4) Can this occur in response to prompting by therapists? 5) What are some areas of debate about DID? 6) Are there some clinicians that diagnose way more people with DID than others? 7) Overall, for treatment, what do psychologists try to do for them?

1) Idea that DID comes from severe psychological or sexual abuse in childhood 2) 92% and 90% 3) The idea that people are easily prompted to role play a personality 4) Yes 5) DID can be role played, patients only show partial loss of memory, diagnosis differs by clinician 6) Yes 7) Integrate their other alters into one

What is malingering in somatic disorder?

1) Intentially faking symptoms to gain from the symptoms

All of these are negative symptoms... 1) Avolition? 2) Asociality? 3) Anhedonia? 4) Apart of anhedonia is consummatory pleasure, what is this? 5) Anticipatory pleasure is also apart of this, what is this? 6) Blunted affect? 7) Alogia?

1) Lack of interest or apathy 2) Inability to form close relationships 3) Inability to experience pleasure 4) Pleasure right there in the moment (usually odd pleasure) 5) Having pleasure in something in the future (dont usually have this) 6) Little or no affect in face or voice 7) Reduction in speech

1) There are also social factors that contribute to mood disorders, including what? 2) Why does the behavior of depressed people often lead to rejection by others? 3) What is a major psychological factor that can predict onset of depression? 4) What is the most important trigger of depression?

1) Lack of social support, stress, marital conflict, high levels of emotions by family members 2) They always seek reassurance, they have resting bitch face, and have slow speech 3) Neuroticism 4) Hopelessness

1) What do enlarged ventricles imply? 2) Do people with schizophrenia have a butterfly effect? 3) Butterfly effect reduces white or gray matter? 4) Many of the issues stem from what portion of the brain? 5) Is there also structural and functional abnormalities in temporal cortex? 6) Are there environmental factors that cause schizophrenia like damage during birth or a virus infection? 7) What could be the connection between stress and schizophrenia? 8) Reduced gray matter is associated with _________ deficits, but not _________? 9) Does gray matter help us organize logical thinking? 10) Are people with schizophrenia more reactive to stress?

1) Loss of brain cells 2) Yes 3) Gray 4) Pre frontal cortex 5) Yes 6) Yes 7) Stress triggers cortisol which increases dopamine 8) Cognitive and deficits 9) Yes 10) Yes

1) What are some medications for treating mood disorders? 2) Which is the most common for treating mood disorders? 3) Why do people with bipolar take mood stabilizers, like lithium, instead of SSRI's? 4) Do mood stabilizers cause weight gain? 5) What is the percentage of people that receive some type of relief with mood stabilizer? 6) What are two potentially serious side effects of lithium?

1) MAOI antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, SSRI, mood stabilizers, etc. 2) SSRI's 3) SSRI's can cause mania 4) Yes 5) 80% 6) Lithium toxicity and tolerance (reducing effectiveness)

1) First generation antipsychotic medications (neuroleptics) had little effect on negative or positive symptoms? 2) What did they reduce by blocking dopamine receptors? 3) One of the side effects of first generation meds were tardive dyskinesia, what is this? 4) To prevent a relapse would patients have to go on a maintenance dosage?

1) Negative 2) Agitation and violent behavior 3) Stiff, jerky, and uncontrollable movements 4) Yes

1) Are there gender differences seen in bipolar disorders? 2) How many people are unemployed a year after they are hospitalized for bipolar disorder? 3) Are suicide rates high? 4) How do we rule out schizophrenia disorder? ******These are the neurobiological factors that could contribute to the onset of mood disorders****** 5) Which disorder has the highest rate of genetic contribution? 6) What have brain studies shown of people experiencing major depressive disorder? 7) For bipolar disorder, the brain has less white or gray matter? 8) Which lobe of the brain is activated during mania? 9) People with depression have different activity in what parts of the brain that regulate emotions? 10) For mood disorders, which part of the brain is elevated and which is diminished (hippocampus or amygdala)?

1) No 2) 1/3rd 3) Yes 4) Give them mood stabilizers which get rid of bipolar symptoms but schizophrenics see no improvement 5) Bipolar disorder 6) Structural changes 7) Gray 8) Frontal lobe 9) Amygdala and hippocampus 10) Amygdala is elevated and hippocampus is diminished

1) Is acute stress disorder considered an anxiety disorder in DSM 5? 2) Explain what acute stress disorder is? 3) What are symptoms of this? 4) What is the difference between this and PTSD? 5) How long do we see this last?

1) No (it is still correlated with anxiety) 2) When you have symptoms similar to PTSD 3) Response to severe stressor causing reoccurring dreams, fear, and anxiety over trauma 4) Duration 5) Anywhere from 2 days to 4 weeks

1) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is seen most menstrual cycles over what period of time? 2) How many symptoms must you exhibit in final week before bleeding? 3) What are some common symptoms? 4) Are there physical symptoms involved as well? 5) Many women that exhibit this disorder also experience what?

1) One year 2) At least 5 3) Irritability, depressed mood, anxiety, diminished interest, lack of energy, sleeping too much or too little 4) Yes like tenderness or swelling 5) Abuse

1) The fourth anxiety disorder is panic disorder, explain this? 2) During a panic attack, is there sudden terror and feelings of impending doom? 3) Symptoms will reach peak intensity within how many minutes? 4) Symptoms of a panic attack can include what? 5) In serious situations do you have symptoms of depersonalization (outside of body), derealization (world isn't real), fears of going crazy or dying?

1) Panic attacks that are unrelated to specific situations 2) Yes 3) 10 minutes 4) Labored breathing, heart palpitations, nausea, upset stomach, chest pain, dizziness, sweating, chills, heat sensations 5) Yes

1) The sixth anxiety disorder is separation anxiety disorder, explain? 2) Is this predominantly seen in males or females? 3) What would be an example of this with a mom and her child? 4) What is the best type of therapy for this? 5) How long does this have to be seen in adults? 6) Children?

1) Person experiences stress when not around major attachment figure 2) Females 3) Mom consistently checks up on child 4) Group therapy (find other people have same issues) 5) Six months 6) One month

1) Highest rate of schizophrenia among poor or rich? 2) What is the sociogenic hypothesis? 3) Social selection theory? 4) Does research support this?

1) Poor 2) Idea that stress of poverty causes disorder 3) Schizophrenia leads to downward drift in SES 4) Yes

1) Two major theories of DID?

1) Posttraumatic model and sociocognitive model

1) What is physiological dependence? 2) Do you crave the drug and does it interfere in your life? 3) What is controlled drinking? 4) Do they avoid total abstinence and inebriation? 5) What do they learn?

1) Presence of tolerance or withdrawal 2) Yes 3) Belief that problem drinkers can consume alcohol in moderation 4) Yes 5) How to pace themselves

1) What are the four categories of symptoms for PTSD? (on test) 2) What are some mood and cognitive changes? 3) Is PTSD chronic or acute? 4) Are they at high risk for suicide and self injury? 5) For acute stress disorder to turn into PTSD, how long do you have to have these symptoms for? 6) What is the percent of rape victims that experience acute stress disorder 7) What part of the brain is smaller in PTSD patients? 8) Is direct exposure to the extreme stressor a good form of treatment? 9) Could treatment of acute stress disorder earlier in life prevent PTSD?

1) Re experiencing the event, avoidance of stimuli, mood/cognitive changes, and arousal/reactivity 2) Memory loss, self blame, blaming others, etc. 3) Chronic 4) Yes 5) Longer than 4 weeks 6) 90% 7) Hippocampal region 8) Yes, more than medication 9) Yes

1) Describe disruptive mood dysregulation disorder? 2) The temper outbursts are inconsistent with what? 3) How many times do the temper outbursts occur in a week? 4) How long do these symptoms have to be present for? 5) The symptoms do not clear for more than how many months at a time? 6) Temper outbursts or negative mood are present in how many settings? 7) Why do you have to be 6 years or older to be diagnosed with this? 8) Onset is before what age?

1) Recurrent temper outbursts in response to common stressors 2) Developmental level 3) At least 3 times a week 4) At least 12 months 5) Three 6) At least 2 7) By this time you will have learned self control 8) 10

1) There are movement symptoms, including catatonia what is this? 2) Catatonic immobility?

1) Repetitive or wild flailing of limbs 2) If you put them in a certain position they will remain there

1) What is major depressive disorder (MDD)? 2) What is another word for pleasure? 3) Symptoms are present nearly every day, most of the day, for how long? 4) Is major depressive disorder considered depression? 5) What are some big indications of major depressive disorder? 6) Why is it important to monitor people with this if they are put on antidepressants? 7) How many of the symptoms must they show?

1) Sad mood or loss of interest/pleasure in things you would normally like 2) Anhedonia 3) At least 2 weeks 4) Yes 5) Sleep too much or too little, psychomotor retardation, poor nutrition, loss of energy, difficulty making decisions, recurring thoughts of suicide 6) They usually would not have the energy to commit suicide, but now they would 7) At least 4

1) Second generation antipsychotics impacted what hormone? 2) What was better about these drugs? 3) Did they reduce relapse? 4) What was the issue with these? 5) Big study of first and second generation medications and found what? 6) There are many psychological treatments of schizophrenia, including family therapy, explain? 7) Cognitive behavioral therapy? 8) Cognitive enhancement therapy (CET)? 9) Case management? 10) Residential treatment? 11) What is the best thing we can do?

1) Serotonin 2) There were fewer motor side effects 3) Yes 4) They caused extreme weight gain and blurry vision 5) Many people did not stay on their medications because they didnt like how they felt 6) Used to improve family relationship 7) Challenge delusions and negative symptoms 8) Improve cognitive based symptoms 9) Big team provides services 10) Vocational rehab 11) Place them in an environment with normal people

1) Apart of major depressive disorder is psychomotor retardation what is this? 2) What is behavioral inhibition (risk factor for anxiety disorder)? 3) If you have behavioral inhibition as a child what will you develop later?

1) Slowing down of thoughts and reduction of movements 2) Tendency to cry or be agitated in unfamiliar places 3) Social anxiety disorder

1) Now moving onto dissociative disorders, what is the definition of dissociation? 2) What type of response is this, avoidance or escape? 3) First dissociative disorder is Dissociative amnesia, explain? 4) What is this thought to be a response to? 5) Is it due to physical injury? 6) Does memory spontaneously come back? 7) Apart of dissociative amnesia is dissociative fugue, what is this? 8) In dissociative disorders, do you have deficits in explicit or implicit memory? 9) What is explicit memory? 10) What is implicit memory? 11) Is it dissociation if memory loss is due to dementia, substance abuse, or brain injury?

1) Some aspect of cognition or experience that becomes inaccessible to consciousness 2) Avoidance 3) Inability to recall important personal information 4) Traumatic experience 5) NO 6) Yes 7) Briefly assume a new identity 8) Explicit 9) This involves conscious recall of experiences 10) Underlying behaviors based on experiences that cannot be recalled consciously (unconscious memory) 11) NO

1) What are the effects of withdrawal in substance use disorders? 2) Is alcohol abuse more likely if parents have it? 3) Can tolerance be inherited? 4) Neurobiological factors of alcohol abuse say that all drugs stimulate what hormone? 5) What does dopamine produce? 6) Will cues for the drug activate reward and pleasure areas of the brain? 7) What neurotransmitters does smoking release? 8) Treatment with nicotine gum? 9) what is the issue with these?

1) Sweat, vomit, tremor, cant sleep, obsessing, dreaming about drug 2) Yes 3) Yes 4) Dopamine 5) Pleasure and reward 6) Yes 7) Dopamine 8) Reduces craving 9) They increase blood pressure

1) What is delirium tremens? 2) How does this occur? 3) Long term marijuana use may result in short term or long term memory impairment? 4) Does this continue even when they stop using? 5) Heroin addiction and crime are thought to be highly correlated why? 6) Alcohol anonymous are run by who?

1) Symptoms that may accompany withdrawal from alcohol 2) When blood alcohol drops suddenly 3) Short 4) Yes 5) Addicts commit crimes in order to raise money for addiction 6) The participants

1) The second anxiety disorder is agoraphobia, what is this? 2) Do they have panic like symptoms? 3) These situations consistently provoke what two things? 4) Are people with this usually stuck at home because they are so afraid? 5) Symptoms must last for at least how long? 6) People with agoraphobia sometimes have fear of fear, what is this? 7) What is the best treatment for agoraphobia? 8) Do psychologists expose them to their feared situations?

1) The fear of being out in public setting 2) Yes 3) Fear and anxiety 4) Yes 5) 6 months 6) You are fearful that you have a fear 7) Cognitive behavioral therapy 8) Yes

What is factitious disorder?

1) There is no clear reason for developing symptoms

1) The fifth anxiety disorder is generalized anxiety disorder, explain? 2) Does GAD cause interference with daily life? 3) How long must the symptoms last for? 4) What are some symptoms? 5) When does this usually begin? 6) Common worries include what? 7) The anxiety and worrying needs to be associated with how many symptoms? 8) What are people with GAD deficient in? 9) One treatment for GAD is relaxation treatment, but there are also cognitive behavioral methods which include what?

1) This is a chronic form of anxiety where at least 50% of day is spent stressing 2) Yes 3) 6 months 4) Can't make decision, restlessness, poor concentration, tired easily, irritable, muscle tension 5) Adolescence 6) Relationships, health, finances, daily hassles 7) At least 3 8) GABA 9) Having person modify negative thoughts, worry only during "scheduled times" and focus on present moment

1) The first anxiety disorder is "specific phobia, what is this? 2) What are common examples of this? 3) When people have a specific phobia of one thing, does this extend to other fears? 4) If people cannot avoid this specific phobia, what happens? 5) Symptoms must last for how long? 6) Treatments of phobias could be 1 of 4 things, which are?

1) This is fear of a specific object or situation 2) Fear of flying, heights, snakes 3) Yes 4) Intense anxiety ensues 5) At least 6 months 6) Behavioral, biological, cognitive behavioral therapy, or psychological

1) Now switching to obsessive compulsive and related disorders, so what is OCD? 2) What are obsessions? 3) What are compulsions? 4) What is body dysmorphic disorder? 5) Hoarding disorder? 6) Is hair pulling and excoriation (skin picking) apart of these disorders? 7) Why are all of these disorders under obsessive compulsive and related disorders?

1) This is when you have repetitive thoughts/urges and you have to act on these repeatedly 2) Repetitive thoughts and urges 3) Repetitive behaviors and mental acts 4) Repetitive thoughts/urges about appearance 5) Repetitive thoughts about possessions 6) Yes 7) It is believed that they activate the same part of the brain

1) The seventh anxiety disorder is selective mutism, what is this? 2) Most will manifest what disorder? 3) What is traumatic mutism? 4) More common in male or female?

1) This is where a child selects to be super shy in some situations, but normal in others 2) Social anxiety disorder 3) Traumatic is where they are mute in ALL situations from a traumatic experience 4) Female

1) The third anxiety disorder is social anxiety disorder, explain this? 2) How long do the symptoms need to persist? 3) Is this more intensive than shyness? 4) Does this cause more or less disruption than other phobias? 5) 33% of people with social anxiety disorder are also diagnosed with what disorder? 6) What are some other symptoms of social anxiety disorder? 7) People with social anxiety disorder tend to have what part of their brain light up? 8) Do people with this tend to be underemployed (have too much education for the job they possess?

1) This is where you have anxiety about being in SOCIAL situations where you may be scrutinized 2) 6 months 3) Yes 4) More 5) Avoidant personality disorder 6) Negative self evaluation, excessive attention to internal cues, or unrealistic beliefs about consequences of behaviors 7) Amygdala 8) Yes

1) The third dissociative disorder is dissociative identity disorder, explain? 2) Another name for personalities is what? 3) Is the primary alter aware of the existence of the others? 4) Is this the most severe of all the dissociative disorders? 5) Often comorbid with what three disorders? 6) Is there any connection to schizophrenia? 7) What type of trauma during childhood is it correlated with? 8) Is there an increase in DID whenever a movie or book about it comes out? 9) Who was Shirley Mason?

1) This is where you have two or more distinct/fully developed personalities 2) Alters 3) No 4) Yes 5) PTSD, major depression, or somatic symptoms 6) No 7) Physical sexual 8) Yes 9) Famous woman told she had DID but she believes she was lied to about it

1) Another stressor/trauma disorder is disinhibited social engagement disorder, what is this? 2) What is the most significant factor seen? 3) Does this occur in children or adults? They have frozen watchfulness which isn't seen in reactive attachment disorder????

1) Unusual attachment to people 2) Cuddliness with strangers 3) ONLY children

1) What is schizophreniform disorder? 2) Will most people resume their lives? 3) Do they experience positive or negative symptoms or both? 4) What is brief psychotic disorder? 5) What is this usually triggered by? 6) Does it go away on its own? 7) Schizoaffective disorder? 8) What type of mood disorder is most common with this? 9) Which is the primary and which is the secondary disorder (schizo or mood disorder)? 10) Do you need to take medication and get treatment? 11) Delusional disorder symptoms? 12) Also apart of this is erotomania, what is this?

1) Very brief form of schizophrenia (1-6 months) 2) Yes 3) Both (they have same symptoms as schizo) 4) More brief form of schizophrenia than schizophreniform (1 day-1 month) 5) Extreme stress 6) Yes 7) Symptoms of both schizo and mood disorder 8) Bipolar 9) Schizophrenia is primary and mood is secondary 10) Yes 11) Persecution, jealousy, being followed, somatic delusion, etc. 12) Thinking someone famous is in love with you

1) What is depersonalization disorder? 2) What are some of the unusual sensory experiences? 3) Is there a disturbance in memory or is there psychosis? 4) What two disorders is this comorbid with?

1) When you feel outside of your own body 2) Limbs are deformed/enlarged or voices sound different/distant 3) No 4) Anxiety and depression

1) Now moving onto trauma and stressor related disorders, explain adjustment disorder? 2) What is one treatment for this?

1) When you have significant life events, positive or negative and you cant get over it causing impairs in ability to function 2) Talk therapy

1) What is body dysmorphic disorder? 2) What do women focus on? 3) What about men? 4) What are compulsive behaviors they participate in? 5) People with body dysmorphic disorder have high levels of what two disorders? 6) Occurs more in men or women? 7) Do nearly all people with this have comorbid disorder? 8) What is the prevalence rate? (on study guide) 9) What is prevalence of women seeking plastic surgery? 10) Are they said to miss the "gestalt" or the whole picture and instead focus on minute details?

1) Where you are preoccupied with imagined or exaggerated defect in appearance 2) Skin, hips, legs, and breasts 3) Penis size, height, body hair, masculinity 4) Look at themselves in the mirror or camouflage their appearance 5) Anxiety and depression 6) Slightly more women 7) Yes 8) 2% 9) 5-7% 10) Yes

1) Do common risk factors of PTSD with other anxiety disorders include: genes, overactive amygdala, childhood trauma, selective attention, neuroticism, and negative affect?

1) Yes

1) Explain the cycle of OCD? 2) Why is compulsive gambling or eating not considered compulsions? 3) In order to be diagnosed with OCD, must you experience one or both obsessions and compulsions? 4) Are these symptoms due to taking medicine/drugs or other medical conditions? 5) What are the most common obsessions? 6) What are common compulsions? 7) When does OCD onset? 8) More common in men or women? 9) Are poor people or rich people more likely to develop it? 10) Is OCD chronic or acute and what is it mostly comorbid with? 11) The second and third most comorbid disorders with this are what? 12) What type of abuse is common? 13) Along with environmental links to OCD, is there genetic predisposition?

1) You have obsessive thought, causing anxiety, you then carry out compulsive behavior, giving temporary relief, but then the obsessive thought comes back restarting the cycle 2) These acts are pleasurable 3) Yes 4) No 5) Contamination, safety/causing harm, unwanted acts of aggression, unaccepted sexual thoughts, need for symmetry 6) Washing, checking, organizing, hoarding, etc. 7) Before age 10 or during teen years 8) Women 9) Rich 10) Chronic and anxiety disorder 11) Major depression and hoarding 12) Substance 13) Yes