C 45 Spirituality

A nurse who provides care on the palliative unit of a hospital is aware of the importance of spiritual assessment and the integration of spirituality into clients' care. What assessment question should the nurse use in an effort to determine clients' spiritual beliefs? "If you had to identify yourself as either a religious person or a spiritual person, which would you choose?" "Do you hold a belief in the afterlife?" "What church do you normally attend?" "Are there any spiritual or religious beliefs or practices that are important to you?"

"Are there any spiritual or religious beliefs or practices that are important to you?" Explanation: An open-ended yet clear question about a person's spiritual beliefs is most likely to elicit information about the client in a thoughtful manner. Asking the client to choose between self-identifying as religious or spiritual is not an accurate dichotomy. Asking about the afterlife is not a direct way of assessing religion and spirituality. Not every religious or spiritual group situates their practices in a church.

A client scheduled for outpatient surgery is requesting that the operating room be sprayed with holy water. Which is an appropriate response? "This is not possible since not everyone in the room will allow to it." "Are you concerned how the surgery will go?" "Surgical aseptic technique requires that fluids used must be sealed from the manufacturer." "The operating room must be kept free of any infection."

"Are you concerned how the surgery will go?" Explanation: When providing spiritual care, nurses should listen to for cues either verbally or nonverbally. In this situation, the client is expressing a verbal cue about spirituality. The nurse should address the behavior with an open ended statement to allow for a flow of communication and feelings. Telling the client that the operating room personnel will not adhere to the request and stating about surgical aseptic technique requires fluids to be sealed are all correct, but nontherapeutic.

When asked about his religious preference, the client becomes very upset with the nurse. Which response is appropriate for this situation? "You need to understand that I am just doing my job here." "I can see that this question upsets you. Do you have any questions about this?" "I can see that this upsets you. Let me come back later when you are feeling better." "There is nothing to be upset about. This is part of my assessment."

"I can see that this question upsets you. Do you have any questions about this?" Explanation: The nurse should assist the client in understanding that his nursing history is a review of the whole human being and that questions will be wide ranging, including spiritual health, physical health, and emotional health. A client who appears angry, anxious, depressed, or defensive when asked spiritual questions may need to hear something like, "I can see from your response that you might not have expected these questions; however, they do let you know that we are interested in how you are experiencing your current situation. Do you have a question or concern in this area?" Telling the client that the nurse is just completing his or her job or telling the client that it is part of the assessment is not appropriate or therapeutic.

When conducting a spiritual assessment, the nurse must be sensitive to the client's personal beliefs. Which questions should the nurse ask? Select all that apply. "Why do you still not believe in God?" "Do you feel your faith is helpful to you?" "Is religion or God significant to you?" "Why can't you share your feelings with me? I am your nurse." "Is there anyone from your church you would like to talk to?"

"Is religion or God significant to you?" "Do you feel your faith is helpful to you?" "Is there anyone from your church you would like to talk to?" Explanation: Several nurses have developed spiritual assessment tools. Stoll's (1979) Guidelines for Spiritual Assessment is an early widely recognized spiritual assessment tool. This tool is built around a definition of spirituality that encompasses religion and belief in a higher power. It identifies four areas and suggests questions for each: (a) concept of God or deity, (b) source of hope and strength, (c) religious practices and rituals, and (d) relationship between spiritual beliefs and state of health. "Is religion or God significant to you?" is a question asking about the concept of God or deity. "Do you feel your faith is helpful to you?" focuses on the relationship between spiritual beliefs and state of health. "Is there anyone from your church you would like to talk to?" asks about their source of hope and strength. Asking the client why they do not believe in God and why they will not share their belief are questions focusing on belittling and degrading the client.

Which client statement most clearly suggests the potential of a nursing diagnosis of Spiritual Anxiety? "I've never been a religious man, and all these Catholic crosses and pictures in the hospital make me a bit uncomfortable." "Now that I'm nearing the end, I'm worried that God won't think I lived a good enough life." "I always tried to do the right thing, so I don't understand why I have to suffer so much now." "I guess I should have taken a lot more time to go to church when I was younger."

"Now that I'm nearing the end, I'm worried that God won't think I lived a good enough life." Explanation: Worry about one's spiritual condition is indicative of the nursing diagnosis of Spiritual Anxiety. Unfamiliarity with the religious character of a care setting suggests Spiritual Alienation, while questions of suffering often indicate Spiritual Pain or Spiritual Despair. Regrets over previous religious or spiritual apathy may suggest a nursing diagnosis of Spiritual Guilt.

A recently graduated nurse is talking to the charge nurse about spirituality and tells the charge nurse that it is difficult to understand why people have a hard time giving spiritual care to clients. The charge nurse identifies the new nurse's lack of understanding when the new nurse makes which statement? "Spirituality is anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a higher power." "Spirituality and religion are the same thing." "Spirituality and faith are the same thing." "Spirituality and religion have distinctions."

"Spirituality and religion are the same thing." Explanation: Although some people use the words spirituality, faith, and religion interchangeably, there are distinctions. Spirituality is anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a higher power. Religion may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual elements. Faith is a strong belief in God or in the doctrines of a religion, based on spiritual apprehension rather than proof.

Upon assessment, the nurse is addressing the beliefs of a newly admitted man who reports practicing the Seventh Day Adventist religion. Based upon the nurse's familiarity with this religion, the nurse appropriately asks the client: "Is it acceptable for the health care team to remove undergarments in an emergency?" "What are your beliefs about blood transfusions?" "What are your beliefs about the use of narcotics for pain?" "Do you receive care from a medicine man or woman?"

"What are your beliefs about the use of narcotics for pain?" Explanation: The Seventh Day Adventist religion prohibits the taking of narcotics and stimulants because the body is a "temple." Jehovah's Witnesses prohibit blood transfusions because it violates God's law. Native American religions incorporate medicine men or women for health care needs. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) are required to wear special undergarments that should be removed only in an emergency.

A nursing instructor, after teaching about the importance of spirituality, identifies a need for further teaching when overhearing a student make which of the following statements? "You can provide quality nursing care to clients even though you ignore the spiritual dimension of health." "Nurses can better assist clients by meeting their spiritual needs." "You can help clients meet spiritual needs by assisting in their struggle to find meaning in suffering." "Nurses can meet spiritual needs by offering a compassionate presence."

"You can provide quality nursing care to clients even though you ignore the spiritual dimension of health." Explanation: It is impossible to provide quality nursing care to clients while ignoring the spiritual dimensions of health. Nurses can assist clients to meet spiritual needs by offering a compassionate presence; assisting in the struggle to find meaning and purpose in the face of suffering, illness, and death; and fostering relationships with a higher being that nurture their spirit.

Based on religious customs, for which client would the nurse administering medicines avoid touching the client's lips? A client who is a member of the Baha'i International Community An Islamic client A Hindu client A Roman Catholic client

A Hindu client Explanation: The nurse caring for a client with Hindu beliefs should avoid touching the client's lips when administering medicines. This is not a belief practiced by Islamic, Baha'i, or Catholics.

The nurse is caring for a client that practices Islam in the hospital. When dietary brings the client a food tray for supper, which food on the tray should the nurse remove that is against the dietary laws for a practicing Muslim? A salad with balsamic vinaigrette dressing A pork chop A fresh fruit salad A baked potato with butter and sour cream

A pork chop Explanation: For practitioners of Islamic religion, Koranic law and customs influence diet; eating pork and drinking alcohol are forbidden. The nurse should remove the pork chop from the tray and have the meat replaced with beef, chicken, or fish as the protein.

A client who is admitted with severe back pain rates it a 10 on a scale of 1 to 10. After assessing the client for pain, the nurse tells the client that the physician had ordered pain medication and its effect should be felt 10 to 15 minutes after its administration. However, the client refuses the pain medication and informs the nurse that narcotics are contrary to his religion. Which religion does this client practice? Roman Catholic Adventist Muslim Jewish

Adventist Explanation: The taking of all narcotics and stimulants is prohibited in the Adventist religion because it is believed that the body is the temple of the Holy Spirit and should be protected. The other religions allow narcotics.

Which religious groups would the nurse anticipate to regard Saturday as the Sabbath? (Select all that apply.) Adventist Islam Buddhism Roman Catholicism Judaism Hinduism

Adventist Judaism Explanation: Saturday and Sunday are considered the Sabbath in the religions of the Adventist and Judaism.

In which religion are members encouraged to obtain health care provided by members of the African American community? Islam Native American religion Baha'i International Community American Muslim Mission

American Muslim Mission Explanation: The American Muslim Mission religious order is encouraged to seek health care provided by members of the African American community. The Baha'i International Community seek out competent medical care and pray for health. Native American religion seeks the assistance of medicine men and women who have specialized spirits from whom they receive the mission to cure. Islam religion believes in Koranic law and customs that influence birth, diet (eating pork and drinking alcohol are forbidden), care of women, death, and prayer rituals.

Based on religious practices, which client would be most likely to defer to her husband when making health care decisions? A Protestant woman A Roman Catholic woman An Islamic woman A Jewish woman

An Islamic woman Explanation: Some Muslim (Islamic religion) women are not allowed to make independent decisions; husbands may need to be present when consent is sought. This practice does not apply to Jewish, Catholic, or Protestant religions.

The nurse admits a new client to the unit for elective surgery. What would be the best way for the nurse to facilitate the practice of religion for this client? Choose all that apply. Discuss similarities and differences between the nurse's religion and the client's religion. Arrange for the client's pastor to visit if desired. Attempt to meet religious dietary restrictions. Offer to pray with the client whenever she likes. Respect the need for privacy during periods of prayer.

Arrange for the client's pastor to visit if desired. Attempt to meet religious dietary restrictions. Respect the need for privacy during periods of prayer. Explanation: The following are means the nurse can use to help the client continue normal spiritual practices in the unfamiliar environment of the hospital or care center:• Familiarize the client with the religious services and materials available within the institution.• Respect the client's need for privacy or quiet during periods of prayer.• Assist the client to obtain devotional objects and protect them from loss or damage.• Arrange for the client wishing to receive the sacraments to do so.• Attempt to meet the client's religious dietary restrictions.• Arrange for the client's minister, priest, or rabbi to visit if the client so wishes.Proselytizing is never acceptable in professional settings. Addressing spiritual issues should not be coercive. Praying with clients should not be initiated by the nurse unless there is no pastoral care available and the client requests it. Comparing and contrasting religious beliefs is not likely to benefit the client.

The nurse receives a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order for a dying client. What should the nurse do next? Inform the client that a priest will be in to see her very soon. Assess the client's spiritual needs Inform the family that this order does not keep the nurse from doing her job. Avoid talking about suicide and its effects.

Assess the client's spiritual needs Explanation: Conducting a spiritual assessment is an essential aspect of maintaining health and providing holistic and sensitive nursing care especially in a DNR. Following the spirituality assessment, if the client has additional questions or concerns related to spirituality, the nurse may suggest follow-up with a chaplain or a priest, but there is no indication the client requested spiritual guidance. A nurse should not discuss suicide and its affects as that is inappropriate. The order may impact the nurse's interventions but this is not the priority at this point.

The nurse is differentiating beliefs of atheists from agnostics. Which statement is accurate? Both deny the existence of God. Nurses offer religious counseling to change the beliefs of both groups. Both are guided by a philosophy of living that does not include a religious faith. Both have religious influences that are life denying.

Both are guided by a philosophy of living that does not include a religious faith. Explanation: An atheist is a person who denies the existence of a higher power; an agnostic is one who holds that nothing can be known about the existence of a higher power. Nurses do not offer religious counseling for any reason. Neither belief is life denying.

A teenage client comes to the clinic and tells the nurse that she has not had a period for the last 2 months. After assessment and lab work, the client is told that she is 3 months' pregnant. She begins to sob and says she is too young to have a baby. When the nurse offers counseling for an abortion, the client gets even more upset and says that she cannot have an abortion as it is not permitted in her church. This client is most likely which of the following? Catholic Jewish Protestant Adventist

Catholic Explanation: In the Catholic religion, only natural means of birth control are allowed; abortion, euthanasia, and sterilization are forbidden. Reform and Liberal schools of Judaism allow birth control for a wide range of reason. Orthodox Judaism is more restrictive. The methods of contraception allowed are the contraceptive pill and the IUD. The Adventists and Protestants do not have a position on abortion.

When assessing a child's spiritual dimension, a nurse should be aware of which basic tenet? Children do not experience spiritual distress. Children view God as a person with divine powers. Children do not have a definite perception of God. Children attribute to God tremendous and expansive power.

Children attribute to God tremendous and expansive power. Explanation: Because spirituality involves the nonmaterial realm of being, a child must have developed some capacity for abstract in order to understand the spiritual self. Children have a definite perception of God. Spiritual distress is experienced by all ages. Children believe that God is involved in self-change and growth and transformations that make the world fresh, alive, and meaningful.

A nurse is assessing children for spirituality and identifies which central themes in children's descriptions of God, based on David Heller's study? Select all that apply. Children believe in the interconnectedness of human lives. Children believe that God's power is limited and has little effect on their lives. An image of darkness surrounds the spiritual world of the child. Children have a notion of a God who works through human intimacy. Children show considerable anxiety in the face of God's power. Children believe that God is a constant deity that limits self-change and transformation.

Children have a notion of a God who works through human intimacy. Children believe in the interconnectedness of human lives. Children show considerable anxiety in the face of God's power. Explanation: Studies have shown that the central themes in all the children's descriptions of their beliefs in God included the following:· Notion of a God who works through human intimacy and the interconnectedness of lives· Belief that God is involved in self-change and growth and transformations that make the world fresh, alive, and meaningful· Attributing to God tremendous and expansive power and then showing considerable anxiety in the face of this power· Image of light

A nurse determining the effects of religion on the lifestyle of clients considers that which religions prohibit the use of alcohol? Select all that apply. Hinduism American Muslim Mission Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Judaism Roman Catholicism Christian Science

Christian Science Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints American Muslim Mission Explanation: Religions that prohibit the use of alcohol include Christian Science, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, and American Muslim Mission. The Roman Catholic religion, Hinduism, and Judaism do not prohibit the responsible use of alcohol.

Members of which religious tradition are likely to have the most stringent restrictions and parameters placed on their medical care? Protestantism Christian Scientist Buddhism Hinduism

Christian Scientist Explanation: Christian Science places significant restrictions of the use of drugs, medical procedures, therapies, and surgeries. Hindu religious belief begins with the assumption that all living things have a soul, which passes through successive cycles of birth and rebirth. Hinduism includes ideas of karma and rebirth, collective versus individual identity, an emphasis on purity and a preference for sons. Buddism and Protestants have very few if any health care restrictions.

The nurse's client states that his pastor is coming in a few hours to pray with him and offer sacrament. The nurse plans to do the following things in preparation for this. Select all that apply. Keep the bed curtains open so as to allow others to join in prayer Clear the room of unnecessary items. Clear the bedside table; cover with clean towel. Complete your work so you may join them. Have a chair available near the bed.

Clear the bedside table; cover with clean towel. Have a chair available near the bed. Clear the room of unnecessary items. Explanation: When expecting a visit from a client's spiritual counselor, preparations may vary, but the following are usually recommended:• The room should be orderly and free of unnecessary equipment and items.• There should be a seat for the religious counselor at the bedside or near the client so that both can be comfortable.• The bedside table should be free of items and covered with a clean, white cover if a sacrament is to be administered.• The bed curtains should be drawn for privacy if the client can't be moved to a more private setting.The nurse should not expect or plan to join a private group such as described.

Which nursing actions are appropriate when caring for a client who participates in the Hindu religion? Select all that apply. Consider the client to be open to new ideas in health care practices. Accommodate certain rites to be practiced following death. Learn rituals marking life changes, birth, puberty, initiation rites, and death. Anticipate many dietary restrictions, conforming to individual sect doctrine. Accept that women are not allowed to make independent decisions. Accommodate the practice of obligatory prayers and fasting on holy days.

Consider the client to be open to new ideas in health care practices. Anticipate many dietary restrictions, conforming to individual sect doctrine. Accommodate certain rites to be practiced following death. Explanation: When caring for a client of Hindu religion, the nurse bases actions on the following principles of the religious beliefs:· Medicine shows a surprising openness to new ideas, at least in respect to practical treatment.· Many Hindu dietary restrictions conform to individual sect doctrine.· The nurse administering medications should avoid touching the client's lips.· Certain prescribed rites are followed after death; disposal of the body is by cremation.Accommodation of the practice of obligatory prayers and fasting on holy days describes Catholicism. Acceptance that women are not allowed to make independent decisions is a Muslim belief. Learning rituals that mark life changes

The school nurse is concerned about the week-long absence of Jerry, a third grader. The nurse visits the home and learns that Jerry has been diagnosed with appendicitis by a local clinic doctor. The parents, who are Christian Science church members, have had several church groups in to pray over Jerry. He is not improving and is getting worse. The nurse should do which of the following? Contact Child Protection Services Insist that the parents take Jerry to the hospital Allow the parents their religious rights Threaten the parents with a lawsuit

Contact Child Protection Services Explanation: Child Protective Services can intervene immediately, and have the child hospitalized and treated against the parents' wishes. Allowing the parents to make life/death decisions about their minor child could place the child in harm's way. Insisting the parents take the child to a hospital or threatening them will a lawsuit will only cause ill feelings toward you and will not likely change the parents' minds.

The son of a dying female client is surprised at his mother's adamant request to meet with the hospital chaplain and has taken the nurse aside and said, "I don't think that's what she really wants. She's never been a religious person in the least." What is the nurse's best action in this situation? Document the client's request and wait to see if the client reiterates the request. Perform a detailed spiritual assessment of the client. Contact the chaplain to arrange a visit with the client. Organize a meeting between the chaplain, the son, and the client to achieve a resolution.

Contact the chaplain to arrange a visit with the client. Explanation: The nurse's primary responsibility is to honor the client's request for a meeting with a spiritual advisor. Completing a spiritual assessment is not necessary at this time. Organizing a meeting between the chaplain, the son, and the client is not an accurate intervention at this time unless requested by the client. Documentation of the conversation with the client and calling for a spiritual advisor should be recorded in the client's health record. It is not necessary to document and wait for the client to ask again before the nurse considers the request. Afterall, she is dying and waiting for her to ask again is not warranted.

The nursing instructor is teaching about spirituality and asks a nursing student about the factors that can influence a client's spirituality. Which responses by the student are accurate? Select all that apply. Developmental considerations Family Economics Formal religion Ethnic background

Developmental considerations Family Ethnic background Formal religion Explanation: Among the many factors that can influence a person's spirituality, the most important are developmental considerations, family, ethnic background, formal religion, and life events. Economics does not influence a client's spirituality.

The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who was in a motor vehicle accident and has lost a lot of blood through an open leg wound. The parents tell inform the nurse that the child cannot have blood transfusions due to their religious beliefs. What decision does the nurse determine that the court will support regarding the child's blood transfusion? Did not support the parents' right to refuse treatment for the child Allowed the child to accept treatment or not Allowed the church pastor to accept or refuse treatment for the child Supported the parents' right to refuse treatment for the child

Did not support the parents' right to refuse treatment for the child Explanation: The courts have not supported the right of Jehovah Witness parents to refuse life-saving treatment for their children such as in traumatic accidents. The courts do not allow child to make health care decisions nor allow the church pastor to accept or refuse treatment over the parents.

A nurse is paying particular attention to the spiritual needs of a client today. The nurse identifies that spiritual beliefs can have a positive effect on general health of a client in which ways? Select all that apply. Positive emotions Endurance of extreme stress Knowledge that illness is a punishment Diet Support system SUBMIT ANSWER

Diet Support system Endurance of extreme stress Positive emotions Explanation: Many religions have dietary requirements and restrictions. Many people seek support from their religious faith during times of stress. People have been known to endure extreme physical distress because of strong faith. Participation in worship and prayer benefits health through the physiologic effect of positive emotions. For some people, illness is viewed as punishment for sin.

After teaching a staff development program about the major world religions and their view of health and illness, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the participants identify which statement as best reflective of Buddhism? Beliefs focus around the Old and New Testaments. Dietary restrictions on some holy days. Outcomes are predetermined. The soul has no beginning or end.

Dietary restrictions on some holy days. Explanation: In Buddhism, there are dietary restrictions on some holy days. In Hinduism, the soul has no beginning or end. In Islam, all outcomes are seen as being predetermined. Christianity involves beliefs that focus on the Old and New Testaments.

A nurse working in a facility that cares for clients with Alzheimer's includes spirituality in client care. A family caregiver tells the nurse that faith has been broken and asks about help in getting through the day. What approaches can the nurse use to help the family member? Select all that apply. Give the family member some spiritual reading materials Help the family member get relief so church services can be attended Ignore the family member's concerns Tell the family member you wish you could help but don't know how Contact the family church group members for assistance

Help the family member get relief so church services can be attended Contact the family church group members for assistance Give the family member some spiritual reading materials Explanation: Spiritual nurturing for the client's family caregiver(s) also is important. Recent research findings support the importance and value of caregivers' spirituality, yet this resource is often overlooked. Consider using interventions that enhance a caregiver's ability to take part in spiritual activities to satisfy his or her spiritual needs and to work with religious groups to secure helpful services. Using clergy, prayer, forgiveness, and spiritual reading materials as resources for caregivers may also be helpful.

A nurse is preparing to give medications to an elderly client who, due to a recent stroke, needs help putting them in her mouth. The family member appears anxious and tells the nurse not to touch the client's mouth. Which religion does the nurse assume this client practices? Hinduism Buddhism Judaism Islam

Hinduism Explanation: The nurse administering medications should avoid touching the lips of a Hindu client. The other religions do not hold beliefs precluding such contact.

A client who is on hospice care and has no immediate family has been given less than 1 week to live. The nurse caring for the client recognizes that providing presence is most important, especially when a client is dying. What would be the best way for this nurse to provide presence to this client? Check on this client every hour. Hold the client's hand and sit by the bedside as often as possible. Tell the client that you are there when needed and to just ring the call bell. Sit in the chair on the other side of the room for 10 minutes each hour.

Hold the client's hand and sit by the bedside as often as possible. Explanation: The nurse can offer supportive presence by holding the patient's hand to show that he or she is sincerely concerned, or simply by being present to communicate value and respect. The other options do not show that the nurse truly cares. Checking on the client every hour demonstrates the nurse wanting to take care of physical needs rather than spiritual needs. Sitting in the chair on the other side of the room is not a caring behavior. Telling a client who is close to death to use the call bell demonstrates a nurse's inability to give caring behaviors.

A client who is scheduled to begin chemotherapy for cancer is overheard telling a family member that everything will eventually be okay and the cancer will be in remission. This client is demonstrating which of the following? Hope Fatalism Spirituality Love

Hope Explanation: Hope is demonstrated by a positive outlook. It enables a person both to consider a future and to work to actively bring that future into being. Fatalism involves an emotional resignation in light of the inevitability of the future. Love is an intense feeling of deep affection. Spirituality is the quality of being concerned with the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.

A nurse is caring for a client who is spiritually distressed. Which of these are factors that affect the spiritual distress of a client? Select all that apply. Seeking a religious leader Separation from the religious community or supports Inability to reconcile a current life situation with spiritual beliefs Ability to introspect

Inability to reconcile a current life situation with spiritual beliefs Separation from the religious community or supports Explanation: Factors affecting spiritual distress include inability to reconcile a current life situation with spiritual beliefs and separation from the religious community or supports. Disconnectedness to self can be expressed through an inability to seek a religious leader or an inability to introspect.

While interviewing a hospitalized client, he states, "The holy days of Ramadan are coming soon. I am not to have any food or drink from sunrise to sunset during this time." Further assessment reveals that the client's request is associated with which religion? Judaism Hinduism Christianity Islam

Islam Explanation: According to the Islamic religion, neither food nor drink is taken between sunrise and sunset during the holy days of Ramadan. There are no special or universal food beliefs common to Christianity. According to Judaism, Kosher food is eaten, meat cannot be mixed with dairy, and separate cooking and eating utensils are used for food preparation and consumption. According to Hinduism, pork and alcohol are forbidden and other meats must meet ritual requirements.

A client who is admitted to the ER with severe right-sided abdominal pain is diagnosed with appendicitis. The surgeon is called and proceeds to explain the procedure to the client and asks her to sign the consent. The client refuses and informs the doctor that her husband needs to be called to do this. Which of the following religions does this client likely practice? Hinduism Catholicism Judaism Islam

Islam Explanation: Some Muslim women are not allowed to make independent decisions; husbands may need to be present when consent is sought. The other religions, Hinduism, Catholism, and Judaism, do not restrictions on women to make independent health care decisions.

The nurse working on a hospice unit is giving an in-service on the importance of faith and religion in client care. What does the nurse tell the group is a benefit of religious fellowship? It puts a good label on the client. It distracts the client. It offers support for the client. It allows for further isolation.

It offers support for the client. Explanation: Regular religious fellowship benefits health by offering support that buffers the effects of stress and isolation. Fellowships provide a way for the client to be involved in another activity related to their spirituality rather than a distraction. It does not put a label on a person that allows others to discriminate.

The nurse is caring for Mary Snow, who is preparing to undergo a left mastectomy. As the nurse performs the physical assessment, Mary informs the nurse that she is unable to accept blood products as treatment due to her religion. The nurse interprets this as a belief of which religion? Baha'i International Community Mormon Buddhism Jehovah's Witnesses

Jehovah's Witnesses Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses oppose the "false teachings" of other sects; opposition often extends to modern science, including medicine. Buddhists believe in the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path. Mormons believe in divine healing through the "laying on of hands." The Baha'i International Community believes in a basic harmony between religion and science.

The nurse is on the third day of caring for a client who recently underwent a colectomy. During the physical assessment, a discussion about spirituality develops. The client reports feeling some guilt about being in the hospital because her religion opposes modern science, including medicine. The nurse recognizes this as a belief of which of the following groups? Baha'i International Community Mormon Jehovah's Witnesses Buddhism

Jehovah's Witnesses Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses oppose the "false teachings" of other sects; opposition often extends to modern science, including medicine. The Baha'i International Community believes in a basic harmony between religion and science. Buddhists believe in the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path. Mormons believe in divine healing through the "laying on of hands".

A nurse interviews a client and finds that the client's view on health care does not involve blood transfusions, since they are believed to violate God's law. Which religious view would the client most likely adhere to? Faith Assembly of Indiana Buddhist Christian Scientist. Jehovah's Witnesses

Jehovah's Witnesses Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood transfusions due to their belief that they violate God's law. Members of the Faith Assembly of Indiana have a negative view of modern health care and have an especially high rate of infant mortality due to limited prenatal care. A client who follows Buddhism relies on prayer and meditation for cleansing and healing. Christian Scientists frequently rely on prayer alone to heal illnesses.

When a 76-year-old client diagnosed with terminal cancer expresses hopelessness and despair to the nurse, the nurse should: listen empathetically and attentively. contact the religious leader at his church. encourage him to think positively. notify the physician.

Listen empathetically and attentively. Explanation: As with other age groups, listening and support are essential as clients deal with health and illness.

A client who is admitted for a debilitating disease is talking to the nurse. The client relates that family is the only thing that matters, stating that family helps fulfill all the spiritual needs by first fulfilling the most basic of all needs. What is this basic need? Autonomy Love Belonging Self-reliance

Love Explanation: Love develops from the basic human need to love and be loved, and we cannot be spiritually whole, spiritually healthy, unless this need is met. Autonomy is freedom from external control or influence. Self reliance is reliance on one's own powers and resources rather than those of others. Autonomy and self reliance are higher level of needs. A sense of belonging is a human need, just like the need for food and shelter but love is more important.

A nurse is caring for Mr. Glanden, who recently underwent a lung resection. As the nurse is completeing the physical assessment, he asks to have the elders from his church perform a "laying on of hands". The nurse interprets this as a healing process associated which of the following religions? Mormon Jehovah's Witnesses Baha'i International Community Buddhism

Mormon Explanation: Mormons believe in divine healing through the "laying on of hands. The Baha'i International Community believes in a basic harmony between religion and science. Jehovah's Witnesses oppose the "false teachings" of other sects; opposition often extends to modern science, including medicine. Buddhists believe in the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path.

The nurse is caring for a client who asks that his special undergarments not be removed for an upcoming procedure. The nurse is aware that these undergarments are related to the client's religion. This religion is: Mormon. Adventist. Christian Scientist. Muslim.

Mormon. Explanation: Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) wear a special undergarment that should only be removed in emergencies, or when absolutely necessary. The other religions have no special undergarments related to their beliefs.

A nursing student is studying spirituality and completing a report on the Mormon faith. Which fact about Mormonism should the student include in the report? Mormons are not allowed to practice birth control. Mormons are not allowed to use tobacco or alcohol. Mormons are not allowed to have a physician of a different sex. Mormons are not allowed to have blood transfusions.

Mormons are not allowed to use tobacco or alcohol. Explanation: Mormons disapprove of alcohol, tobacco, and caffeinated beverages. Jehovah's witnesses are not allowed to have blood transfusions. Catholics do not adhere to birth control measures. Muslims do not allow opposite sexed physicians to care for them, especially women.

Mrs. Dopson is a 75-year-old widow who lost her last offspring to cancer last month. She shares with the nurse that she fears being alone. The nurse knows that this is related to which of the following spiritual needs believed to be common to all people? Need for forgiveness Need basic necessities of life Need for meaning and purpose Need for love and relatedness SUBMIT ANSWER

Need for love and relatedness Explanation: According to Shelly and Fish (1988), the three spiritual needs underlying all religious traditions and common to all people are the need for meaning and purpose, the need for love and relatedness, and the need for forgiveness. The client is experiencing a loss of love and relatedness. A need for meaning and purpose can be related to loss of a job or function. Need for forgiveness is reconciling differences with other persons. Basic necessities are something necessary or indispensable such as food, water, and shelter.

The nurse, while assessing the spirituality of a client, recognizes that different factors can influence a person's spirituality and outlook on life. What factors determine spirituation in this client? Select all that apply. Positive life experiences Sexual identity Negative life experiences Gender Role in family

Negative life experiences Positive life experiences Explanation: Both positive and negative life experiences can influence spirituality, and they in turn are influenced by the meaning a person's spiritual beliefs attribute to them. A person's gender or role in the family does not influence his or her spirituality. Sexual identify is not a factor that influences spirituality.

The nurse is assessing a client for spirituality using the HOPE acronym. Which statement describes an element of this tool? E = external stressors affecting spirituality H = sources of help P = persons important in the person's life O = organized religion

O = organized religion Explanation: The HOPE assessment tool asses the client's spirituality. The acronym stands for:H—Sources of hope, meaning, comfort, strength, peace, love, and connectionO—Organized religionP—Personal spirituality and practiceE—Effects on medical care and end-of-life issue

Which nursing title is being recognized by the American Association of Nursing that aids and assists the clients with spiritual needs in the community setting? Client advocate Nurse minister Parish nursing Specialized nurse

Parish nursing Explanation: Parish nursing, or faith community nursing, is considered a specialty area of practice, recognized by the American Association of Nursing and having its own standards of practice. Parish nurses work in churches across the country providing health promotion and health screening activities to individuals in the community. Parish nurses view clients holistically, addressing spiritual issues as well as health issues that arise for individuals in their faith community. Some clients want nurses to prearrange visits from pastors, priests, or other members of the religious community after their return home or transfer to another health care facility. In some areas of the United States, faith communities have developed various health ministries such as nurse minister. A client advocate can be a nurse or another health care professional who advocates for a client they are providing care for. A specialized nurse is a nurse who specializes in a special care area like the intensive care unit or hospice.

The nursing diagnosis Spiritual Distress related to crisis of illness as evidenced by loss of meaning in life and overuse of pain medication is created for a client who attempted to take his life. Which intervention is appropriate for these problems? Encourage the client to watch movies when alone. Provide client education on negative spiritual implications on suicide. Plan and coordinate a multidisciplinary team conference including the chaplain.

Plan and coordinate a multidisciplinary team conference including the chaplain. Explanation: The nurse should facilitate a care-planning conference involving the social support network including family and friends. Initiating a multidisciplinary social network of conferences facilitates a sense of acceptance, love, and belonging. The nurse should work with the client to explore and build on past positive coping mechanisms, which helps enhance a sense of self-control and self-esteem. Encouraging the client to watch movies when alone does not allow the client to interact and find positive elements of his or her life. Although spiritual review can be helpful, the nurse should not "scare" the client away from action by mentioning negative spiritual outcomes.

A nurse is caring for a terminally ill client who believes that death and reincarnation are the ultimate gifts from God to mankind. What would be most appropriate to integrate into this client's plan of care when providing spiritual support? Provide literature to the client that says otherwise. Request the client refrain from talking about death. Provide support that builds on the client's faith. Subtly attempt to change the client's belief.

Provide support that builds on the client's faith. Explanation: The nurse should support and build on the client's faith. Nurses should not attempt to change faith that clients already possess. If faith is lost, clients will lose hope; without the will to live, many people are beyond the help of the most potent medical powers. The nurse should not attempt to change the client's belief or provide literature that says otherwise. Conversations regarding faith, however, must not pass judgment or present controversy. Clients need to feel accepted in their beliefs and encouraged to remain open in expressing and learning.

An older adult client who is very sick but very spiritual and has a deep faith asks the nurse to say a prayer for her. The nurse, who is not very comfortable praying out loud, wants to honor the client's request. What would be the best action by the nurse? Inform the client that they will try to get another nurse to pray with the client Read a passage from the Bible to the client Tell the client that they are not comfortable praying out loud Tell the client the nurse is busy at the moment and hope the client will forget

Read a passage from the Bible to the client Explanation: A nurse unaccustomed to praying aloud or in public may find it helpful to have a Bible passage or formal prayer readily available. The other options are not therapeutic.

While studying religion and spirituality, the nursing student exhibits an understanding of the concepts when making which of the following statements? Spirituality is the behavioral manifestation of religious beliefs. Religion is a collection of spiritual beliefs and practices. Religion and spirituality are synonymous. Spirituality is a recently developed alternative to traditional religious belief.

Religion is a collection of spiritual beliefs and practices. Explanation: Spirituality may or may not include religion, which is a codified system of spiritual beliefs. The two terms are not interchangeable, and spirituality is not solely concerned with outward behavior. Spirituality is not necessarily an "alternative" to religion; nor is it a recent development.

The family members of a dying client have asked for the hospital chaplain's help in having a member of the clergy come to the client's bedside to perform the anointing of the sick. The nurse who is providing care for the client should recognize that the family is likely which religion? Roman Catholic Christian Scientist Jewish Jehovah's Witnesses

Roman Catholic Explanation: Among the sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church is the anointing of the sick or the sacramental anointing with blessed oil.

When a nurse supports the client's spiritual needs, the nurse supports which level of the Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Ego needs Self-actualization needs Physiologic needs Security needs

Self-actualization needs Explanation: In the hierarchy of human needs, spiritual well-being appears to connote fulfillment of needs beyond the self-actualization level. Spiritual well-being has been associated with health and general well-being. Safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy refer to the need for security and protection. When we have our physiological needs for food and water met, our safety needs dominate our behavior. Physiological needs deal with the maintenance of the human body. This lowest category includes the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need for water, air, food, and sleep. There are no ego needs in the hierarchy

An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a bedridden hospitalized client who tells the nurse that he has not missed a Methodist church service in 50 years would be: Spiritual Need as evidenced by verbalizations and distress at missing Methodist church services Dysfunctional Grieving related to inability to attend church services as a result of his medical condition Potential for Enhanced Spiritual Well-Being related to distress at missing Methodist church services Spiritual Distress related to inability to attend church services evidenced by verbal states of guilt

Spiritual Distress related to inability to attend church services evidenced by verbal states of guilt Explanation: Persons suffering spiritual dysfunction or distress may verbalize such distress or express a need for help.

The nurse caring for a bedridden hospitalized client who states that this will be the first time that he has missed a Methodist church service in 50 years plans care based on which of the following NANDA-I diagnoses? Potential for Enhanced Spiritual Well-Being related to distress at missing Methodist church services Spiritual Need as evidenced by verbalizations and distress at missing Methodist church services Dysfunctional Grieving related to inability to attend church services as a result of his medical condition Spiritual Distress related to inability to attend church services evidenced by verbal states of guilt

Spiritual Distress related to inability to attend church services evidenced by verbal states of guilt Explanation: Persons suffering spiritual dysfunction or distress may verbalize such distress or express a need for help. Developing a three-part nursing diagnosis consists of data analysis, problem identification, and the formulation of the nursing diagnosis. There are four different types of nursing diagnoses: actual nursing diagnosis, wellness (or health promotion) nursing diagnosis, risk nursing diagnosis, and syndrome diagnosis. The other three statements are missing part of the nursing diagnosis.

A college foreign exchange student is living with a family in England and is confused about the daily Catholic prayers and rituals of the family. The student longs for the comfort of her fundamentalist Protestant practices and reports to the campus nurse for direction. The nurse recognizes the student is experiencing which type of spiritual distress? Spiritual alienation Spiritual guilt Spiritual anger Spiritual loss

Spiritual alienation Explanation: Spiritual alienation occurs when an individual is separated from one's faith community. Spiritual guilt is the failure to live according to religious rules. Spiritual anger is the inability to accept illness. Spiritual loss occurs when one is not able to find comfort in religion.

The nurse planning spiritual care for a client understands which of the following to be true about spirituality according to Burghardt and Nagai-Jacobson (1997)? Spirituality is expressed and experienced in and through connectedness with nature, the earth, the environment, and the cosmos. People express and experience spirituality in and through connectedness with nature. Spirituality is experienced as a dividing force, life principle, essence of being. Spirituality permeates life, providing purpose, meaning, strength, and guidance and shaping the journey. Spirituality shapes the self-becoming and is reflected in one's being, knowing, and doing.

Spirituality permeates life, providing purpose, meaning, strength, and guidance and shaping the journey. Explanation: According to Burghardt and Nagai-Jacobson (1997) spirituality permeates life, providing purpose, meaning, strength, and guidance and shaping the journey.

An older adult client of the Catholic faith has been admitted to the unit for bleeding due to diverticulitis. She tells the nurse that she is concerned because the next day is Ash Wednesday and if she is in the hospital, she will not be able to receive ashes. What would be the nurse's best action in this case? Tell the client you will contact her priest to see if he can bring the ashes. Tell the client that it is not a big deal, as she can get ashes next year. Tell the client that you understand how she must feel but there is nothing you can do about it. Tell the client that it will be OK to miss ashes since she is in the hospital.

Tell the client you will contact her priest to see if he can bring the ashes. Explanation: When a patient expresses a spiritual or religious concern, the nurse should help make the appropriate referral or offer to contact the patient's own spiritual adviser. Other options are to contact the health care facility's pastoral ministry department or use a referral list of clergy in the local community. If no representative of the patient's own religion can visit in the hospital at a particular time, suggest a visit from a member of the clergy from another faith. The patient, depending on the situation and the immediacy of the need, may welcome such a suggestion. Telling the client that it is ok to miss the ashes this year or that the nurse can do nothing about it are statements that are non-therapeutic.

The nurse is creating a plan of care for a client experiencing spiritual distress. What is the priority outcome for this care plan? The client expresses satisfaction with spouse's life circumstances. The client has a sense of optimism and hope from the past. The client states belief in a higher being. The client expresses meaning and purpose in life.

The client expresses meaning and purpose in life. Explanation: Examples of outcomes for the client with (or at risk for) spiritual distress include the following:• The client expresses a sense of connectedness with self, others, the arts, or a power greater than self.• The client expresses meaning and purpose in life.• The client has a sense of optimism and hope in the future.• The client discusses personal response to dying.• The client expresses satisfaction with life circumstances.

The client is being discharged home with hospice due to a terminal disease. The nurse is arranging visitations of the spiritual leader for the next 3 months. Which of the outcomes identified supports this intervention? Select all that apply. The client expresses satisfaction with life. The client demonstrates spiritual practices such as praying. The client expresses satisfaction with spiritual relationships. The client will have strong faith of being healed. The client identifies support provided by the spiritual leader.

The client identifies support provided by the spiritual leader. The client demonstrates spiritual practices such as praying. The client expresses satisfaction with spiritual relationships. The client expresses satisfaction with life. Explanation: Assessing and planning for spiritual care comprises an ongoing process. Settings that encourage this process most consistently are those in which nurses and clients can establish relationships over time and promote the relationship between the client and the spiritual program they choose. Examples of outcomes are those that support a spiritual leader, praying, and satisfaction with spiritual relationships and life. Sometimes the spiritual connection does not support a faith of being healed and this can be inconsistent with the chosen spiritual program.

A new nurse observes a priest visiting the clients every Saturday afternoon and praying with them. This activity supports which of the nursing outcomes? The client expresses hope and sense of meaning. The client uses a type of spiritual experience that provides comfort. The client expresses satisfaction with life. The client will experience alternate venues of spiritual expression.

The client uses a type of spiritual experience that provides comfort. Explanation: As with other age groups, listening and support are essential as older adults deal with health and illness. Older adults used several religious or spiritual interventions with health professionals and also in isolation. Most older adults enjoy participating in conventional religious practices such as worship and prayer either alone or in groups to facilitate effective relationships and coping. A client expressing a sense of hope, meaning in life, and satisfaction can only communicated but not witnessed. A client may tell a nurse this to be looked as having communicated happiness in their life. A client, if satisfied with religious influence, will not seek alternative venues for spiritual expression.

A dying client requests that the nurse pray with him. The nurse is not accustomed to praying aloud but is comfortable praying silently. What is the best approach for this nurse to follow to pray with this client? The nurse should defer the client's request to pray. The nurse should inform the client that she will pray for the client but not with him. The nurse should select a formal prayer or Bible passage to use to pray aloud. The nurse should ask the client's roommate to pray with the client.

The nurse should select a formal prayer or Bible passage to use to pray aloud. Explanation: A nurse unaccustomed to praying aloud or in public may find it helpful to have a Bible passage or formal prayer readily available for praying. If the nurse is not comfortable praying with the client, they should call the hospital chaplain or find another individual who is comfortable.

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on spiritual health and its importance in nursing care. When talking about the model using the unifying approach, which of the following does the spiritual dimension affect? Select all that apply. The unifying dimension The physiological dimension The sociological dimension The psychological dimension The integrated dimension

The physiological dimension The psychological dimension The sociological dimension Explanation: In the unifying approach, the spiritual dimension grounds or affects the physiological, psychological, and sociological dimensions. There is not a unifying dimension but a unifying approach. The integrated approach is a separate model and is not a dimension.

The nurse understands that spiritual care is dynamic and embodies some of the basic tenets of nursing. What is a factor supporting this concept? Select all that apply. Client centeredness Therapeutic use of self Nurse's availability for the client Family support Spiritual nurturing environment

Therapeutic use of self Client centeredness Spiritual nurturing environment Nurse's availability for the client Explanation: Spiritual care is dynamic and embodies some of the basic tenets of nursing. The nurse's use of presence, therapeutic use of self, client centeredness, intuitive sense, and the creation of a spiritually nurturing environment are integral to providing spiritual care. Such care has positive effects for clients, including healing and the promotion of psychological and spiritual well-being. Family support is not part of the nurse-client relationship in spiritual care.

A nurse is caring for a client who practices Daoism. Which religious beliefs would the nurse keep in mind when planning care for this client? Select all that apply. The universal principle is the mysterious biologic and spiritual life rhythm or order of nature. Allah, who is all-seeing, all-hearing, all-speaking, all-knowing, all-willing, and all-powerful, is their one God. Inherent in Daoism is knowing and living a natural life is the secret of health and sagehood They oppose the "false teachings" of other sects. They believe that health is a manifestation of the harmony of the universe, obtained through the proper balancing of internal and external forces. They worship one God revealed to the world through Jesus Christ.

They believe that health is a manifestation of the harmony of the universe, obtained through the proper balancing of internal and external forces. The universal principle is the mysterious biologic and spiritual life rhythm or order of nature. Inherent in Daoism is knowing and living a natural life is the secret of health and sagehood Explanation: Daoism (Taoism) beliefs include that there is a "medicinal" concern for maintaining and prolonging human health and life (sheng); knowing and living a natural life—following the Tao—is the secret of both health and sagehood; and long tradition of seeking pragmatic medical techniques, along with its religious techniques of meditation and ritual for establishing a harmony of body and spirit, humanity, and nature (holistic approach). Allah is a belief of Islam religion. The concept of "false teachings" is a part of the Jehovah's Witnesses faith. Inherent in Daoism is knowing and living a natural life is the secret of health and sagehood.

After being informed that his wife only has a few hours to live, the nurse hears the husband say; "If you take my wife now. I will never pray to you!" What should be the nurse's reply? Tell the husband to think before saying anything negative. Leave the room and do not be part of this situation. Use silence and allow the husband to express his emotions. Call the pastor into the room to speak with the husband.

Use silence and allow the husband to express his emotions. Explanation: During times of grief, a nurse should exhibit a sensitive and non-intrusive approach in caring for the client and client's family. Therefore the nurse should use silence and allow the husband to express his emotions. Telling the client's husband to think before he speaks or leaving the room is inappropriate and rude. However, assisting clients to reconnect to their faith community or to utilize the resources of a faith community such as a pastor has health benefits but is not the priority in this situation.

A client recently diagnosed with cancer informs the nurse that they value faith and finds comfort in their faith. The nurse is aware that faith is best defined as: a positive outlook even in the bleakest moments. an organized belief system about a higher power. practices associated with all aspects of a person's life. a belief in something for which there is no proof or material evidence.

a belief in something for which there is no proof or material evidence. Explanation: Faith is a belief in something for which there is no proof or material evidence. The client is expressing a sense of faith to the nurse. Hope is a positive outlook even in the bleakest moments. Religion is an organized belief system about a higher power. Spiritual beliefs are practices associated with all aspects of a person's life.

To obtain subjective data related to a 16-year-old client's spirituality, the nurse should: ask the client if religion or a higher being is significant. document the number of times a minister visits. ask the client's parents if the client attends services. observe whether the client reads religious material.

ask the client if religion or a higher being is significant. Explanation: In a spiritual assessment, the nurse may ask if religion or God is significant to the client.

When a client informs the nurse that he is a Jehovah's Witness, the nurse must recognize and validate that the client will not accept: disease causation from germs. pain medication. blood transfusions. traditional health practices.

blood transfusions. Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions.

Which food group would be appropriate to suggest to a client who practices tenets of the Islamic faith? sliced ham and cheese sandwich and 2% milk salad with crumbled bacon and cheese, with a cup of tea broiled chicken sandwich with skimmed milk barbecued pork sandwich with a milkshake

broiled chicken sandwich with skimmed milk Explanation: Members of the Islamic faith are forbidden to eat pork or drink alcohol.

When a nurse asks herself questions such as "Why am I here?," the nurse is attempting to: develop the concepts of holism and integration. become a more spiritual being for other people. develop a philosophical base for clearer thinking.

develop a philosophical base for clearer thinking. Explanation: In terms of spiritual care, the nurse's own background, family, culture, and religion are integral parts of interactions with clients. For this reason, taking a step back and examining spirituality, values, and beliefs is essential.

The parents of three children ages 4, 7, and 11 years are interested in fostering spiritual development in their children. The nurse informs the parents that the development of a child's spirituality is best accomplished by: educating the child about religion. educating through parental behaviors. educating through religious-based schools. educating the child about God.

educating through parental behaviors. Explanation: A child's parents play a key role in the development of the child's spirituality. What is important is not so much what parents teach a child about God and religion, but rather what the child learns about God, life, and self from the parents' behavior.

When discussing spirituality with the mother of an 8-year-old child, the nurse instructs the mother that children of this age: are influenced by their peer groups. may question religious authority. enjoy lore and legends of religious groups. are moved deeply by spirituality.

enjoy lore and legends of religious groups. Explanation: Childhood is the period when lore, legends, language, and symbols of a particular religious group are best presented.

The best definition of a spiritual need is: expression of a person's inner being and meaning. universal belief in truth, justice, and compassion. an affirmation of life, peace, and harmony. a quest to discover life's meaning.

expression of a person's inner being and meaning. Explanation: A spiritual need represents a normal expression of a person's inner being that seeks meaning in all experiences, and a dynamic relationship with self, others, and to the supreme other as the person

While interviewing a client, a nurse is told that the client practices Catholicism. This client is identifying: his faith. his culture. his spirituality. his values.

his faith. Explanation: Faith is a term also used to describe a cultural or institutional religion such as Judaism, Islam, Catholicism, or Confucianism. Spirituality refers to anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a higher power or force. Values refer to those beliefs most meaningful to a person. Culture pertains to a person's background.

Individuals who are Christian Scientists may not approve of: immunizations. circumcisions. contraception. expensive treatments.

immunizations. Explanation: Some groups, such as Christian Scientists and the Amish, have been legally exempted from immunizations; however, many medical decisions are reviewed on a case-by-case basis depending on the client's age and imminence of death.

Which set of terms best reflects nursing's view of clients as holistic beings? mind, body, spirit spiritual, egocentric, naive id, ego, superego physical, psychosocial, religious

mind, body, spirit Explanation: Nursing has a long history of incorporating spirituality into client care. References to spirituality underlie a primary idea in nursing, that clients are viewed as holistic beings in body, mind, and spirit. Id, ego, and superego are concepts associated with psychoanalytic theory. A holistic view is more than physical, psychosocial, religious, egocentric, and naïve.

A man age 79 years is in the late stages of lung cancer with bone metastases. Since receiving his terminal diagnosis, the client has often made mention of the fact that he has a long-estranged daughter and that he was a "miserable father." The client has recently asked for the social worker's assistance in locating his daughter before his death. What spiritual need likely underlies the client's request? need for meaning need for purpose need for forgiveness need for love

need for forgiveness Explanation: While a need for love may be a factor in the man's request, the fact that he admits his parental failings and wishes to rekindle a relationship with his child suggests that he may feel a need for forgiveness and repair past behavior. The need for meaning also has focus in the past while the need for purpose looks to the future. The purpose of a person is often related to their values, which may well be social in nature. The need for love is the need for togetherness with another person.

Mrs Jones is an 81-year-old client who can no longer live alone safely and is being admitted to a long-term-care facility. She had to leave her elderly cat, Baby, with neighbors. She tells the nurse that her cat was the only family she had and that she misses her. The nurse knows that this is related to which of the following spiritual needs believed to be common to all people? need for meaning and purpose need for forgiveness need for basic necessities of life need for love and relatedness

need for love and relatedness Explanation: According to Shelly and Fish (1988), the three spiritual needs underlying all religious traditions and common to all people are the need for meaning and purpose, the need for love and relatedness, and the need for forgiveness. The client is experiencing the need for love for her cat. The need for forgiveness is reconciliation for past relationship issues. The need for meaning and purpose is finding connectiveness with jobs or people. Basic needs are something necessary or indispensable such as food, water, and shelter.

According to Shelly and Fish, which of the following is a spiritual need underlying all religious traditions? need for justice need for power in relationship with God need for meaning and purpose need for formal ceremony

need for meaning and purpose Explanation: Shelly and Fish recognized that all religious traditions have the spiritual need for meaning and purpose, the need for love and relatedness, and the need for forgiveness.

A nurse is educating staff members about the importance of meeting the spiritual needs of clients on the unit. What spiritual needs should be met in the delivery of care? Select all that apply. need for forgiveness need for meaning and purpose need for love and relatedness need for complete health and freedom need for comfort and money

need for meaning and purpose need for love and relatedness need for forgiveness Explanation: There are three spiritual needs that underlie all religious traditions and are common to all people: need for meaning and purpose, need for love and relatedness, and need for forgiveness. Need for comfort and money, as well as need for complete health and freedom, are nice but are not part of spirituality.

An appropriate goal for the client with a nursing diagnosis of Spiritual Distress related to intense pain and suffering as verbalized by the client would be that the client will: reflect on past accomplishments in life. participate in supportive spiritual practices. express feelings of anger and despair to God. meet with a minister daily.

participate in supportive spiritual practices. Explanation: The goal for the client should focus on supporting the client's strengths.

A recently graduated nurse is working with a client who is suffering from excruciating pain with no relief. The client tells the nurse that religion and spirituality are a big part of her life. The nurse wants to help nurture this client's spirituality and can do so in which of the following ways? Select all that apply. promoting meaning and purpose promoting independence promoting pain relief promoting love and relatedness promoting forgiveness

promoting meaning and purpose promoting love and relatedness promoting forgiveness Explanation: The nurse can help the client to nurture her own spirituality by promoting meaning and purpose, promoting love and relatedness, and promoting forgiveness. Although promoting pain relief and independence are both good nursing actions, they do not help in nurturing one's spirituality.

A nurse is assisting a terminally ill female client with bathing. The client tells the nurse that she has great respect and faith in a particular spiritual leader. The nurse interprets this information as fulfilling which need for the client? sense of security for present and future financial strength and support power to perform miracles living a longer life

sense of security for present and future Explanation: Whatever the spiritual or religious beliefs the person holds and practices, these beliefs contribute to a sense of security for the present and future; give meaning to life, illness, other crises, and death; guide daily living habits; drive acceptance or rejection of other people; furnish psychosocial support within a group of like-minded people; provide strength in meeting life's crises; and give healing strength and support. However, spiritual beliefs do not guarantee that a person gains financial power and strength, the power to perform miracles, or the ability to live longer.

A client strongly refuses to be admitted to a long-term facility despite having no family to assist him with his needs at home. The client states, "If I go, I won't be able to go to church every Sunday!" The nurse understands that this statement is reflective of which issue? separation from Spiritual ties fear of inadequate care previous experience with the long-term facility moral issues regarding the situation

separation from Spiritual ties Explanation: Experiences of being hospitalized or becoming a resident in an assisted living facility or nursing home can initially be frightening. To some extent, such individuals are isolated from personal freedoms, personal privileges, and social support systems. They may be in private rooms with unfamiliar surroundings and may feel insecure. Daily habits may change. Some people are unable to attend formal services, have the accouterments of faith, or receive regular support from familiar groups or their faith community. This separation from spiritual ties places people at risk for altered spiritual function. The client is not experiencing fear of inadequate care as he comments about missing church if admitted. There not a moral issue or a previous experience with the care facility.

The mother of a child diagnosed with leukemia starts crying and states "We are being cursed because my husband changed his religion." The nurse identifies this as: spiritual quest. impaired religiosity. spiritual distress. spiritual well-being.

spiritual distress. Explanation: It is important to differentiate between Impaired Religiosity and Spiritual Distress. Spiritual Distress is characterized by a disturbance in an individual's personal belief system. Impaired Religiosity, however, involves challenges in exercising the beliefs of an individual's chosen faith community. Spiritual quests are religious tour for the meaning in life. Spiritual well being is ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in life through a person's connectedness with self, others art, music, literature, nature, or a power greater than oneself.

Upon assessment, the client reports that they do not belong to an organized religion. The nurse is correct to interpret this statement as: the client is not affiliated with a specific system of belief regarding a higher power. the client will experience conflicts between religious beliefs and health care options. the client will not request to see the hospital chaplain or seek spiritual counseling. the client's spiritual needs are met. SUBMIT ANSWER

the client is not affiliated with a specific system of belief regarding a higher power. Explanation: The nurse should not interpret the fact that a client does not belong to an organized religion to mean that the client has no spiritual need; a person may be highly spiritual yet not profess a religion. The client may seek spiritual counseling or ask to see the hospital chaplain during the hospitalization related to spiritual needs. Reference:

A terminally ill client tells the nurse that he does not belong to an organized religion. It is safe for the nurse to assume: the client has no belief system. the client may still be deeply spiritual. the client is an agnostic. the client is an atheist.

the client may still be deeply spiritual. Explanation: The nurse should not interpret the fact that a client does not belong to an organized religion to mean that he or she has no spiritual needs; a person may be deeply spiritual yet not profess to belong to an organized religion. An atheist is a person who denies the existence of a higher power; an agnostic is one who holds that nothing can be known about the existence of a higher power.