C-APUSH CHAPTER 3 PAGEANT SETTLING THE NORTHERN COLONIES
Manhattan Island
It was the Dutch West India Company that bought THIS for some worthless trinkets (22,000 acres of the most valuable land in the world today).
slavery
No restrictions were placed on immigration, and naturalization was made easy. The Quakers also developed a dislike of THIS institution.
Benjamin Franklin
A considerable amount of economic and social democracy prevailed. HE was born in Boston, entered Philadelphia, as a 17-year-old in 1720 and made it his home.
Mayflower
After negotiating with the VA. Company, the Separatists left Holland and sailed 65 days at sea on THIS until they arrived off the rocky coast of New England in 1620.
fur
All had fertile soil and broad expansive land. All except Delaware exported lots of grain. The Susquehanna River tapped the THIS trade of the interior, and the rivers were gentile, with little cascading waterfall.
Gods
Among the Puritans, it was understood that the purpose of government was to enforce THESE laws.
e. individualistic and independent attitudes
As a colony, Rhode Island became known for a. its poor treatment of Indians. b. unified religious beliefs. c. support of special privilege. d. never having secured a charter from Parliament. e. individualistic and independent attitudes.
revoked
As punishment, a sea-to-sea charter was given to rival Connecticut in (1642), and a charter was given to Rhode Island in (1663). Finally, in 1684, Massachusetts' charter was ?
Institutes of the Christian Religion
Basic doctrines of Calvinism were stated in the 1536 document entitled THIS: Which Stated that all humans were weak and wicked - only the predestined could go to heaven, no matter what - Calvinists were expected to seek "conversions," signs they were one of the predestined, and afterwards, lead "sanctified lives."
the Mayflower Compact
Before leaving the ship, the Pilgrims signed THIS, a set of rules by which to obey. Though it wasn't a Constitution, it did set the standard for later constitutions. It also set the first step toward genuine self-government in the Northern colonies.
Rhode Island
Brought to trial in 1638, Hutchinson boasted that her beliefs were directly from God. She was banished from the colony and made her way to THIS colony. She died in NY after an attack.
its colonies
During the early years of colonization in the New World, England paid little attention to THIS.
Puritans
English Calvinists who sought a thorough cleansing from within the Church of England
Church of England
Establishing his headquarters in Boston, Andros openly showed his association with THIS locally hated institution. His soldiers were vile mouthed and despised by Americans.
Jews Catholics
Freedom of religion was available to everyone except for THESE two (only because of pressure from London), and the death penalty was only for murder and treason.
Puritans
From 1629 to 1642, 11,000 THEY swarmed to the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In contrast to the indentured servants, they migrated in family groups, not alone.
Captain Myles Standish
HE (AKA, "Captain Shrimp") proved to be a great Indian fighter and negotiator.
Governor John Winthrop
HE did not trust the common people, calling democracy the "meanest and worst" of all forms of government. Religious leaders wielded powerful influence over the admission to church membership.
John Calvin
HE preached Calvinism which stressed "predestination" (those going to heaven or hell has already been determined by God) which inspired English Puritans, Scotch Presbyterians, French Huguenots, and Dutch reformed.
John Cotton
HE was a prominent clergy member, was educated at Cambridge and had immigrated to Massachusetts to avoid persecution for his criticism of the Church of England.
Roger Williams
HE was a radical idealist and hounded his fellow clergymen to make a clean and complete break with the Church of England. He did not think the civil government should govern religious behavior. He was banished in 1635, and led the way to the Rhode Island colony.
William Penn Pennsylvania
HE was a well-born Englishman who embraced the Quaker faith. In 1681, he secured an immense grant of fertile land from the king and it became known as THIS.
William Bradford
HE was chosen governor or deputy governor of Plymouth 30 times in the annual elections, was a great leader, and helped Plymouth to survive and trade fur, fish, and lumber.
James I
HE, father of the beheaded Charles I, harassed the Separatists out of England because he thought that if people could defy him as their spiritual leader, they might defy him as their political leader.
Sir Edmund Andros
He became the head of the Dominion of England and imposed harsh rules, taxes and laws.
"Day of Doom"
However, congregations could hire and fire at will, charge 20 shilling for kissing in public, and hell was very frightening and real. Michael Wigglesworth's "?," written in 1622, sold 1 copy for every 20 people.
I. THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION PRODUCES PURITANISM!
I. THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION PRODUCES PURITANISM!
II. THE PILGRIMS END THEIR PILGRIMAGE AT PLYMOUTH!
II. THE PILGRIMS END THEIR PILGRIMAGE AT PLYMOUTH!
III. THE BAY COLONY BIBLE COMMONWEALTH!
III. THE BAY COLONY BIBLE COMMONWEALTH!
IV. BUILDING THE BAY COLONY!
IV. BUILDING THE BAY COLONY!
IX. SEEDS PF COLONIAL UNITY AND INDEPENDENCE!
IX. SEEDS PF COLONIAL UNITY AND INDEPENDENCE!
Martin Luther
In 1517, THIS German monk nailed his 95 Thesis to the door of the Wittenberg Cathedral. He had several new explosive ideas: The Bible alone was the source of God - not the church! People are saved by faith in Christ - not good works
indentured
In 1600, England was undergoing a massive population boom. About 75% of English immigrants were THESE type of servants. Most of the were young men from the "middle class."
Massachusetts
In 1623, Maine was absorbed into THIS and remained so for nearly a century and a half.
John Winthrop
In 1629, some Separatist-Puritans got a royal charter from England and sailed for Massachusetts. HE was elected governor or deputy governor for 19 years, helping Massachusetts prosper in fur trading, fishing, and shipbuilding.
Reverend Thomas Hooker
In 1635, Hartford Connecticut was founded. HE led an energetic group of Puritans west into Connecticut.
Pequot War
In 1637, tensions exploded and English settlers and the powerful Pequot tribe fought in THIS war, in which the English set fire to a Pequot village on Connecticut's Mystic River, annihilating the Indians and bringing about 40 tears of tentative peace.
Connecticut
In 1638, New Haven was founded by Puritans and eventually merged into THIS.
Fundamental Orders
In 1639, settlers of the new Connecticut River colony drafted in open meeting a document Known as THIS which established a regime democratically controlled by "substantial" citizens.
Massachusetts
In 1641, the granite-ribbed New Hampshire was absorbed into THIS. In 1679, the king separated the two and made New Hampshire a royal colony.
New England Confederation
In 1643, 4 colonies banded together to form THIS. It was almost all Puritan. It was weak, but still a notable milestone toward American unity and was designed to bolster colonial defense.
Peter Stuyvesant
In 1655, the Dutch sent THIS one-legged pioneer to besiege the main Swedish fort, and he won, ending Swedish colonial rule and leaving only Swedish log cabins and place names as evidence that the Swedish were ever in Delaware.
the Duke of York
In 1664, Charles II granted the area of modern-day New York to his brother, ? , and that year, British troops landed and defeated the Dutch, kicking them out, without much violence. New Amsterdam was renamed New York.
Metacom
In 1675, HE (called King Philip by the English) united neighboring Indians in a last-ditched attack that failed.
the Dominion of England
In 1686, THIS was created to bolster the colonial defense against Indians and tying the colonies closer to Britain by enforcing the hated Navigation Acts.
Massachusetts Bay
In 1691, Plymouth finally merged with THIS Colony.
the Netherlands
In the 17th century, THIS country revolted against Spain, and with the help of Britain, gained their independence.
Thanksgiving
In the winter of 1620-21, only 44/122 people lived. 1621 brought beautiful harvests, though, and THIS was celebrated that year for the first time.
New Sweden
Indians attacked the Dutch for their cruelties. New England was hostile against Dutch growth. The Swedes trespassed Dutch reserves from 1638 to 1655 by planting THIS anemic colony on the Delaware River.
a. the lasting defeat of New England's Indians
King Phillip's War resulted in a. the lasting defeat of New England's Indians. b. France's moving into Canada. c. the formation of a powerful alliance among the Indians to resist the English. d. the last victory for the Indians. e. none of the above.a. the lasting defeat of the New England Indians
patroonships
New Amsterdam was a company town, run by and for the Dutch company in the interest of stockholders. The Dutch gave THESE (large areas of land ) to promoters who agreed to settle at least 50 people on them. New Amsterdam attracted people of all typed of races.
New Jersey and Delaware prospered as well. (NO QUESTION)
New Jersey and Delaware prospered as well. (NO QUESTION)
non-Quakers
Penn established a friendly relations with the Indians, however, when more and more of THESE came to Pennsylvania they mistreated the Indians more and more.
James II
Penn, unfortunately, was not well-liked because of his friendliness towards THIS deposed Catholic king, and he was jailed at times, and also suffered a paralytic stroke, dying full of sorrows.
Virginia
Pennsylvania attracted a great variety of people from all races, class, and religion. By 1700, only THIS colony had a larger population.
"Little Rhody"
People who went to Rhode Island were unwanted. They were against special privilege. Rhode Island became called THIS and later known as "the traditional home of the otherwise minded." It finally secured a charter in 1644.
a covenant
Puritan doctrine included acceptance of THIS with God.
fishermen
Puritans brought their way of life from England with them to America. Marblehead, Mass. had mostly THESE because most of the immigrants had been this in England.
REVIEW THESE TERMS!
REVIEW THESE TERMS!
Rowley, Massachusetts brought from Yorkshire, England their distinctive way of life. In Ipswich, Massachusetts, settled by East Anglican Puritans, the rulers had long terms and ruled with an iron hand. However, in Newbury people rarely won reelection. (NO QUESTION)
Rowley, Massachusetts brought from Yorkshire, England their distinctive way of life. In Ipswich, Massachusetts, settled by East Anglican Puritans, the rulers had long terms and ruled with an iron hand. However, in Newbury people rarely won reelection. (NO QUESTION)
black slaves
Some 40% of indentured servants died before their 7 years were over. Late in the 17th century, as the supply of indentured servants slowly ran out, the southerners resolved to use THESE.
enclosure
Some had fled during the cloth trade slump in the early 1600s while others had been forced off their land due ti THIS.
"visible saints"
Some people called Puritans, were influenced to totally reform ("purify") the Church of England. Puritans believed that only "THEY" should be admitted to church membership.
Congregational
Soon after the establishment of the colony, the franchise (right to vote) was extended to all "freemen," adult males, who belonged to the Puritan congregations (later called THIS church), making people who could enjoy the franchise about 2/5 of the male population.
THE END!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
THE END!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
The Pilgrims
THEIR historical significance at the Plymouth Bay colony lies in their moral and spiritual qualities.
Separatists These folks became the Pilgrims.
THEY vowed to break away from the Church of England (AKA, the Anglican Church) because the "visible saints" would have to sit with the "damned." These folks became the Pilgrims.
Quakers
THIS religious group believed in equality, cooperation, and religious tolerance. They were against war and violence, which made them unpopular in England.
The Dutch East India Company
THIS was established, with an army of 10,000 men and a fleet of 190 ships (including 40 men-of-war).
Anne Hutchinson
Tensions arose in Massachusetts. Quakers were fined, flogged, and/or banished. SHE was avery intelligent, strong-willed, talkative woman who claimed that a holy life was no sure sign of salvation and that the truly saved need not bother to obey the law of either God or man. A notion known as antinomianism.
Squanto
Tensions rose between the Pilgrims and the Pequot as soon as the Pilgrims arrived in 1620. THIS Wampanoag, helped keep relative peace.
Protestant Reformation
The 16th Century religious reform movement begun by Martin Luther.
Henry Hudson
The Dutch West Indian Company often raided rather than traded. In 1609, HE ventured into Delaware and New York Bay and claimed the area for the Netherlands.
The Dutch legacy. People of NY retained their autocratic spirit. Dutch names remained like Harlem, Brooklyn, and Hell Gate. Architecture on buildings remained. The Dutch also gave us Easter eggs, Santa Claus, waffles, sauerkraut, sleighing, skating, and gulf. (NO QUESTION)
The Dutch legacy. People of NY retained their autocratic spirit. Dutch names remained like Harlem, Brooklyn, and Hell Gate. Architecture on buildings remained. The Dutch also gave us Easter eggs, Santa Claus, waffles, sauerkraut, sleighing, skating, and gulf. (NO QUESTION)
conversions
The Institutes of Christian Religion stated that all humans were weak and wicked - only predestined could go to heaven, no matter what - Calvinists were expected to seek "THIS," signs they were one of the predestined, and afterwards, lead "sanctified lives."
The Virginia Company
The Pilgrims or Separatists migrated from Holland to the New World in order to escape THEIR jurisdiction
Holland
The Pilgrims or Separatists, migrated from HERE, where they had fled to after they had left England. - they didn't want their children to get Dutchified.
Massachusetts
The colonies were basically allowed to be semiautonomous commonwealths. After Charles II was restored to the British throne, he hoped to control his colonies more firmly, but was shocked to find how much his orders were ignored by THIS colony.
the Glorious Revolution
The event that led to the collapse of the Dominion of England.
southern plantation
The middle colonies were the middle way between New England and the THESE states. Landholdings were generally intermediate in size. The middle colonies were more ethnically mixed than than other colonies.
The over-arching theme of chapter 3 is that the northern colonies were started out of religious fervor and they largely grew out of religious fervor. Plymouth, MA was founded with the initial goal of allowing Pilgrims, and later Puritans, to worship independent of the Church of England. Their society, ironically, was very intolerant itself and any dissenters were pushed out of the colony. Other New England colonies sprouted up, due to (a) religious dissent from Plymouth and Massachusetts as with Rhode Island, (b) the constant search for more farmland as in Connecticut, and (c) just due to natural growth as in Maine. The Middle Colonies emerged as the literal crossroads of the north and south. They held the stereotypical qualities of both regions: agricultural and industrial. And they were unique in that (a) New York was born of Dutch heritage rather than English, and (b) Pennsylvania thrived more than any other colony due to its freedoms and tolerance.
The over-arching theme of chapter 3 is that the northern colonies were started out of religious fervor and they largely grew out of religious fervor. Plymouth, MA was founded with the initial goal of allowing Pilgrims, and later Puritans, to worship independent of the Church of England. Their society, ironically, was very intolerant itself and any dissenters were pushed out of the colony. Other New England colonies sprouted up, due to (a) religious dissent from Plymouth and Massachusetts as with Rhode Island, (b) the constant search for more farmland as in Connecticut, and (c) just due to natural growth as in Maine. The Middle Colonies emerged as the literal crossroads of the north and south. They held the stereotypical qualities of both regions: agricultural and industrial. And they were unique in that (a) New York was born of Dutch heritage rather than English, and (b) Pennsylvania thrived more than any other colony due to its freedoms and tolerance.
Wall Street
Things got so bad that the Dutch erected a wall in New Amsterdam, for which THIS is named today.
Chief Tammanylater became the name of New York's political machine.
Thousand of squatters already lived in Pennsylvania. Philadelphia was more carefully planned than most cities, it had beautiful wide streets. Penn bought land from Indians like THIS chief, which later became the name of New York's political machine.
government
Un-churched men were not allowed into matters of THESE. The provincial government was not a democracy.
The Church of England
Unlike the Separatists, the Puritans remained members of THIS institution.
V. TROUBLE IN THE BIBLE COMMONWEALTH!
V. TROUBLE IN THE BIBLE COMMONWEALTH!
VI. THE RHODE ISLAND "SEWER"
VI. THE RHODE ISLAND "SEWER"
VII. NEW ENGLAND SPREADS OUT!
VII. NEW ENGLAND SPREADS OUT!
VIII. PURITANS V. INDIANS
VIII. PURITANS V. INDIANS
X. ANDROS PROMOTES THE FIRST AMERICAN REVOLUTION!
X. ANDROS PROMOTES THE FIRST AMERICAN REVOLUTION!
XI. OLD NETHERLANDERS AT NEW NETHERLANDS!
XI. OLD NETHERLANDERS AT NEW NETHERLANDS!
XII. FRICTION WITH ENGLISH AND SWEDISH NEIGHBORS!
XII. FRICTION WITH ENGLISH AND SWEDISH NEIGHBORS!
XIII. DUTCH RESIDUES IN NEW YORK!
XIII. DUTCH RESIDUES IN NEW YORK!
XIV. PENN'S HOLY EXPERIMENT IN PENNSYLVANIA!
XIV. PENN'S HOLY EXPERIMENT IN PENNSYLVANIA!
XV. QUAKER PENNSYLVANIA AND ITS NEIGHBORS!
XV. QUAKER PENNSYLVANIA AND ITS NEIGHBORS!
XVI. THE MIDDLE WAY IN THE MIDDLE COLONIES! New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania
XVI. THE MIDDLE WAY IN THE MIDDLE COLONIES! New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania
XVII. MAKERS OF AMERICA: THE ENGLISH!
XVII. MAKERS OF AMERICA: THE ENGLISH!
predestination
a belief that from the moment of creation some souls were "saved" and others "damned"
antinomianism
belief that those whom God had marked for salvation need not obey secular laws
King Henry VIII
in the 1530s, In England, HE was breaking his ties with the Roman Catholic Church, which aided the the entrance of Protestant beliefs into England.
the Protestant Work Ethich psyche of Americans, and been called "THIS."
the Protestant Work Ethic Calvinists are famous for working hard, dusk to dawn, to "prove" their worthiness. The impact of Calvinism has been vividly stamped on the psyche of Americans, and been called "THIS."
conversion
the sign of receipt of God's free gift of saving grace - an intense, personal experience when God revealed an individual's heavenly destiny
