C++ Midterm

which of the following is NOT a string literal constant?

'abc'

an example of an instruction written in machine language would be ______.

0000 0101 1100 0000

what is the result of raising the base number to the 0th power?

1

how many different states do the switches in machine language have?

2

in the following pseudocode algorithm, what is the output given the following inputs? 1. enter the sale price and sales tax rate 2. calculate the cost by multiplying the sale price by the sales tax rate and then adding the result to the sale price. 3. display the cost

2.12

what is the ASCII value for the "0" character?

48

what is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 110?

6

what is the name of a coding scheme that assigns a specific numeric code to each character on your keyboard?

ASCII

which of the following is a language typically used to create procedure-oriented programs?

COBOL

what type of chart helps programmers organize and summarize the results of the analysis step?

IPO

what do some programmers use to organize and summarize the results of a problem analysis?

IPO chart

which of the following is an example of an instruction written in assembly language?

MUL, bx, ax

which of the following would be example of invalid data?

a negative tax rate

which of the following would be a valid name for a memory location in C++?

a1B2c3D4

which of the following is a set of step-by-step instructions that accomplish a task?

algorithm

what is the first step in the problem-solving process?

analyze the problem

what do programs written in assembly language require to convert the assembly language instructions into machine language?

assembler

what are program instructions that utilize mnemonics called?

assembly code

which number system is used to store data in memory?

binary

to be sure an algorithm works correctly, you should desk-check it several times using which of the following?

both valid and invalid data

when a variable's name contains two or more words, most C++ programmers enter the name using what type of notation?

camel case

which of the following translates all of a program's high-level instructions before running the program?

compiler

when declaring a named constant, which keyword indicates that the memory location being declared cannot be changed during runtime?

const

what is the name for the basic structure that controls the overall flow of a program's logic?

control

in which column of the desk-checking table do you enter the expected output of the following algorithm? 1. enter the sale price and sales tax rate 2. calculate the sales tax by multiplying the sale price by the sales tax rate 3. calculate the cost by adding the sales tax to the sale price 4. display the cost desk-check table: sales price sales tax rate sales tax cost`

cost

the choice of whether to turn left or right at a fork in the road is an example of which type of structure?

decision

when a value is converted from one data type to another data type that can store smaller numbers,what type of conversion has occurred?

demotion

which step comes after you plan the algorithm in the problem-solving process?

desk-check the algorithm

which of the following pseudocode statements represents output?

display the miles per gallon

all numeric literal constants with a decimal place are considered which data type?

double

most algorithms begin with instructions to do which of the following?

enter input items

a computer translates instructions line by line as the program is running.

false

an interpreter translates all of a program's high-level instructions into machine language before executing the program.

false

assembly language requires a programmer to enter the program using 1s and 0s

false

camel case means capitalizing the entire name of a variable or named constant.

false

mnemonics are a special number system used by assembly languages.

false

pseudocode uses standardized symbols to visually depict an algorithm.

false

the first step in the problem-solving process is to desk-check the program?

false

the main reason for desk-checking an algorithm is to check for spelling errors.

false

the name of memory location in C++ can begin with a letter or a number.

false

the repetition structure has a true path and a false path.

false

the selection structure is also referred to as in iteration.

false

the value 29 is considered a double

false

the value of a named constant is allowed to change during runtime.

false

there is one universal machine language used by computers?

false

when naming a memory location in C++, names are not case sensitive.

false

when using flowcharts, the input/output symbol is represented by an oval.

false

you need to consider all information when analyzing a problem, even if it is unnecessary to the solution.

false

you need to use both pseudocode and a flowchart when planning an algorithm.

false

which of the following data types can contain a real number?

float

which of the following uses standardized symbols to visually depict an algorithm?

flowchart

what is used to connect the different symbols in a flowchart?

flowlines

what is another name for desk-checking?

hand-tracing

C++, Visual Basic, Java, and C# are examples of what type of language that can be used to create both procedure-oriented and object-oriented programs?

high-level

if the value's data type does not match the memory location's data type, what process does the computer use to convert the value to fit the memory location?

implicit type conversion

what is the term used for the assignment a beginning value to a memory location?

initializing

review the following pseudocode. what type of item is sales tax rate? 1. enter the sale price and sales tax rate. 2. calculate the cost by multiplying the sale price by the sales tax rate and then adding the result to the sale price. 3. display the cost

input

what does the parallelogram symbol in a flowchart represent?

input/output

what type of value does a processing item represent when processing the input into the output?

intermediate

which of the following translates program instructions line by line as the program is running?

interpreter

which of the following is a word that has a special meaning in the programming language you are using?

keyword

what is an item of data that can appear in a program instruction and can be stored in a memory location.

literal constant

what is another name for a repetition structure?

loop structure

what are program instructions written in 1s and 0s called?

machine code

which of the following is NOT a rule for naming a memory location in C++?

names in C++ are not case sensitive

with what type of program does the programmer focus on structures that represent screen elements such as check boxes and buttons or structures that represent real world items such as an employee or time card?

object-oriented

memory location assigned the char data type can store how many characters?

one

which of the following best represents the goal of the problem-solving process?

output

what is the second step in the problem-solving process?

plan the algorithm

the algorithm is recorded in which section of the IPO chart?

processing

what does the rectangle symbol in a flowchart represent?

processing

C++, Visual Basic, C#, Python, and Java are all examples of what kind of language?

programming

what programming language allows programmers to jot down their ideas using a human-readable language without having to worry about the syntax of the programming language itself?

pseudocode

which statement is an example of a repetition structure?

repeat (2 times)

what type of structure is the following set of statements an example of? while not end of file read a line end while

repetition

in the following pseudocode algorithm, which of the following is considered a processing item? 1. enter the sale price and sales tax rate. 2. calculate the sales tax by multiplying the sale price by the sales tax rate. 3. calculate the cost by adding the sales tax to the sale price. 4. display the cost

sales tax

which structure do you use every time you drive your car and approach an intersection?

selection

which type of structure is the following set of statements an example of? if time-of-day is greater than noon set afternoon access permissions else set regular access permissions end if

selection

which type of structure makes a decision based on one or more conditions?

selection

in a computer program, which type of logic structure directs the computer to process the program instructions one after another, in the order listed in the program?

sequence

which type of structure do all programs use?

sequence

what character is used to enclose a character literal constant?

single quotes

which of the following best describes a computer program that is implemented with a computer?

solution

what does the oval symbol in a flowchart represent?

start/stop

which data type is referred to as a user-defined data type?

string

an accountant that is part of a programming team working on a program that requires accounting experience is an example of which of the following?

subject matter expert

in the following pseudocode, which item is considered a processing item? 1. enter the midterm score and final score 2. calculate the sum by adding together the midterm score and final score 3. calculate the average score by dividing the sum by 2 4. display the average score

sum

after coding a program, the programmer should perform which task before releasing it to the user?

test the program with sample data

a processing item in an IPO chart represents an intermediate value that the algorithm uses when processing the input into the output.

true

a variable is a memory location whose value can change during runtime.

true

in C++, the float and double variable data types are used to store real numbers.

true

in object-oriented programming, an object can be used in more than one program; often with little to no modification

true

pseudocode is not standardized, each programmer has his/her own version.

true

the main reason why high-level languages were a vast improvement over machine and assembly languages is because they allow the programmer to use instructions that more closely resemble the English language.

true

there are two digits in the machine language system.

true

to ensure the algorithm is working correctly, a programmer should desk-check it using both valid and invalid data.

true

the short data type can store a number in the range from -32,768 to +32,768. how many bytes of memory is required for the short data type?

two

with whom should a programmer have extensive interaction before converting a solution to a problem into a computer program?

user

in a pseudocode algorithm, what part of language should each instruction begin with?

verb