Cabada AP 2 Test (Fixed)
The thirteenth-century map of Constantinople shown above indicates that the city
was highly fortified against outside attacks
Hanseastic League
In the 13th century, cities in northern Germany and Scandinavia formed a commercial alliance
The establishment of the Mongol Empire directly facilitated which of the following?
Increased cultural and technological exchange between the Islamic world and China
Which of the following factors represents the most significant cause of the growth of cities in Afro-Eurasia in the period 1000-1450 ?
Increased interregional trade
Which of the following lists three places Ibn Battuta, the fourteenth-century Muslim traveler, visited?
India, Mali, and Persia
Commerce was a key mode of exchange between which of the following pairs of political entities?
The Crusader states and the Fatimid caliphate
Batu
ruler of the golden horde; one of Genghis Khan's grandsons; responsible for the invasion of Russia beginning in 1236.
Which of the following is true of commerce in the Indian Ocean during the time period 1000-1450?
Indian Ocean commerce flourished and was conducted by a mixture of Asian, Middle Eastern, and East African merchants.
Spice Islands
Indonesia
Trade spurred the introduction of both Islam and Hinduism to what is now called
Indonesia
The changes in the distribution of cities in the period 1200 to 1400 C.E. best support which of the following conclusions?
The Mongol conquests had a more disruptive impact on the Middle East and Central Asia than they had on East Asia.
Which of the following best explains why trade along the trans-Saharan trade networks increased in the period 1200-1450 ?
Innovations in previously existing transportation technologies, such as the caravan, allowed merchants to carry larger loads and protect themselves.
Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of the bubonic plague in Eurasia?
The Mongol expansion from central Asia to China, eastern Europe, and the Middle East
Which of the following statements is accurate about the Mongols during the 1200s and 1300s?
The Mongols facilitated the diffusion of many Chinese inventions.
Diaspora
A dispersion of people from their homeland
Zhu Yuanzhang
A former monk that led this army in a final victory over the Mongols, became emperor of China and founded the Ming Dynasty
Which of the following was a major cause for the growth of cities throughout Afro-Eurasia from 800 C.E. to 1350 C.E.?
The rise of interregional commerce
A significant example of the interaction among Indian, Arab, and European societies by 1200 C.E. was the transfer of knowledge of
numerals and the decimal system
In the fourteenth century, merchants from China, Arabia, Persia, and Egypt were drawn to Calicut, India, primarily to purchase
pepper
Mongols
A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.
Bubonic Plague
Also called the Black Death was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people
Genghis Khan
Also known as Temujin; he united the Mongol tribes into an unstoppable fighting force; created largest single land empire in history.
Uyghur alphabet
An attempt at a language to be used all over the Mongol Empire
Which of the following was most responsible for the initial spread of Islam to West Africa?
Merchants on the trans-Saharan trade routes
The Little Ice Age, which lasted from 1300 to 1850 C.E., likely had the strongest effect on which of the following?
The severity of the Black Death
Kublai Khan
(1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China.
Yuan Dynasty
(1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureuacrats.
money economy
an economic system based on money rather than barter
The expansion of communication and trade networks in Afro-Eurasia from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E. resulted in the spread of which of the following from South Asia?
Technological and scientific concepts, such as the decimal and zero
The photograph above shows a fourteenth century C.E. mosque in the city of Xi'an, central China. This image most clearly supports which of the following conclusions about the spread of Islam?
Early Muslim communities in China adopted local architectural styles for their religious buildings.
Which of the following societies engaged in extensive maritime trade well beyond their borders in the fifteenth century?
Chinese in the Indian Ocean
What was a major manufactured goods in India and how did it change?
Cotton textiles were, and remained, a major type of manufactured good, both for export and domestic consumption in India throughout the period referred to in the passage. In the second half of the period, as a result of the spread of cotton, Persia and the Muslim Middle East also developed significant cotton textile manufacturing traditions.
Samarkand
During the rule of Timur Lane was the most influential captial city, a wealthy trading center known for decorated mosques and tombs.
Indian Ocean Slave Trade
E. Africa -> Middle East & India/ Similar conditions to the Atlantic Slave Trade/ Cultural Diffusion
Between 200 B.C.E. and 1450 C.E., the Silk Roads linked which of the following?
East Asia and the Mediterranean Sea
flying cash
Enabled merchants to deposit good or cash at one location and draw the equivalent in cash or merchandise elsewhere in China.
Which of the following most directly contributed to the decline of Eurasian urban populations during the fourteenth century?
Epidemic disease
Pax Mongolica
Era of relative peace and stability created by the Mongol Empire
Which of the following contributed to the Chinese government's decision to stop voyages of exploration in the Indian Ocean in the early fifteenth century?
Government concern with domestic problems and frontier security
Hulegu
Grandson of Genghis Khan and ruler of Ilkhan khanate; captured and destroyed Abbasid Baghdad.
Calicut
Great spice port of India where da Gama landed and traded
Which of the following is true of the expeditions of Chinese Admiral Zheng He in the early 1400s?
He sailed to ports on the Indian Ocean coastline, including those in East Africa.
Which of the following most encouraged the development of new cities such as Cahokia along the Mississippi River, Swahili city-states on the East African Coast, Venice on the Mediterranean coast, and Hangzhou on China's coast during the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.?
Intensification of regional trade
Which of the following best explains an effect of the expansion of the Mali Empire on the trans-Saharan trade networks?
It facilitated commercial growth by expanding the number of people participating in the trade networks.
Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade?
It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Mongol Empire?
It reestablished the Silk Road between East Asia and Europe.
Which of the following accurately describes the Mongol Empire's role in facilitating trans-Eurasian trade?
It reestablished the Silk Roads between East Asia and Europe.
Which of the following did the Mongol armies fail to conquer, and why?
Japan, because severe storms aided the experienced Japanese naval forces
Advancements in sailing tech. in the Indian Ocean
Lateen Sails Stern Rudder Astrolabe
Name 3 types of new sea tech.
Magnetic Compass Rudder Junk
What was a major hub of trade in Africa?
Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade
Kuriltai
Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected
The map above shows which of the following empires at its greatest extent? It expands across Eurasia
Mongol Empire
Il-Khanate
Mongol empire that ruled over Iran (Persia) & the Middle East
The breakup of the Mongol Empire into separate khanates during the mid-thirteenth century was most connected to which of the following developments?
Mongol traditions emphasized tribal and personal loyalties and made it difficult to establish long-lasting centralized dynastic rule, which led to civil war.
Which of the following characterized the trans-Saharan trade by 1250 C.E.?
Muslim merchants dominated the trade.
Which of the following factors contributed the most to Omani traders' ability to undertake the voyages depicted on the maps?
Navigational and maritime innovations, such as the astrolabe and lateen sail
Gobi Desert
One of the worlds largest deserts, covers part of China and present-day Mongolia.
Malacca
Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca. Also spelled Melaka. (p. 387)
Seige Weapons
Portable towers and catapults to attack walled fortifications
Gujarat
Region of western India famous for trade and manufacturing.
Moscow
Russian city state
White Lotus Society
Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule
English nobles resisted peasant demands such as those described in the passage because agricultural labor in many parts of fourteenth-century Afro-Eurasia had become scarce as a result of which of the following developments?
Significant increase in mortality due to the spread of epidemic diseases
Before 1450 C.E. which of the following is true of sub-Saharan Africa's commercial economy?
Sub-Saharan Africa exported gold to the Middle East and Europe.
Ming Dynasty
Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.
Which of the following languages came into existence after 1000 as the direct result of expanding global trade patterns?
Swahili
Which of the following best describes an effect of the establishment of the Mongol Empire upon Silk Road long distance trade?
The Silk Road trade increased because the Mongol conquests helped connect more regions of Eurasia economically and commercially.
Which of the following best describes Middle Eastern trade in the period 1000 to 1450 ?
The area was engaged in regular trade with China, India, and sub-Saharan Africa.
Which of the following factors helps explain the rise of urban centers and the increase in trade in Afro-Eurasia during the second half of the thirteenth century?
The availability of safe and reliable transport along land-based trade routes
The expansion of the Mongol Empire most directly led to which of the following political developments in Afro-Eurasia?
The collapse of previously existing states, such as the Song dynasty of China
The outbreaks of plague described in the passage led most directly to which of the following?
The decline of many major cities across Eurasia
Which of the following resulted from the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire following the death of Genghis Khan?
The development of khanates in Central Asia
Indian Ocean Basin
marine trade zone that connected East Africa, the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, China, Korea, and Japan
Malian Emperor Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 can best be understood in the context of which of the following?
The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia
Which of the following best explains a development in the trans-Saharan trade networks in the period 1200-1450 ?
The geographic range of the networks increased because of improved commercial practices.
Which of the following statements about the Mongol Empire of the thirteenth century is true?
The invasion of Japan was attempted but was unsuccessful.
Khanates
The states ruled by a khan; the four units into which Chinggis divided the Mongol Empire.
Which of the following was a significant effect of the Polynesian migrations in the Pacific in the period from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.?
The transfer of domesticated plant and animal species to new islands in the Pacific
Marco Polo described which of the following at Kublai Khan's court that he had not encountered in Europe?
The use of paper money and coal and the practice of frequent bathing
Historians who argue that there was substantial global integration by the end of the thirteenth century would most likely cite which of the following as evidence to support their claims?
The widening and deepening of exchange networks linking Afro-Eurasia after the Mongol conquests
The particular routes and timings of the voyages depicted on the maps best reflect which of the following characteristics of Omani merchants?
Their advanced knowledge of Indian Ocean currents and monsoon wind patterns
Banking Houses
These European banks developed during the Middle Ages to aid trade. Along with innovations such as bills of exchange, or bank drafts, and credit, the rise of banking houses supported the development of interregional trade in luxury goods.
monsoon winds
These carried ships on the Indian Ocean between India and Africa
In the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E., merchant diaspora communities, such as those of Muslims in India, Chinese in Southeast Asia, and Jews in the Mediterranean, had which of the following in common?
They generally introduced their own cultural practices into the local cultures.
Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following could be best inferred about the South and East Asian trading cities on the map?
They had Muslim diasporic merchant communities.
Khan
Title given to Mongol leaders, meaning "supreme ruler"
Which of the following was the major contributing factor to the spread of the plague to Cairo, Beijing, and Florence in the fourteenth century?
Trade along the Mongol road system across Central Asia
During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, territories under Mongol control benefited from which of the following?
Trade that tied several distinct regional networks together
Swahili city-states
Waring states that were always competing for control of trade routes and each other. established by swahili., Many of these city-states were Muslim and very cosmopolitan.
Golden Horde
a Mongolian army that swept over eastern Europe in the 13th century
Cannon
a big gun, especially one mounted on a base or wheels
Kashgar
a central trading point where the Eastern and Western Silk Roads met.
Mongol Empire
an empire founded in the 12th century by Genghis Khan, which reached its greatest territorial extent in the 13th century, encompassing the larger part of Asia and extending westward to the Dnieper River in eastern Europe.
The Mongol conquests of much of Eurasia in the thirteenth century tended to encourage trade along the Silk Roads primarily by
decreasing the risk of bandit attacks and reducing the number of local rulers collecting tribute from trade caravans
Caravan
group of traveling merchants and animals
The purpose of Ibn Battuta's account was most likely to
inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited
bill of exchange
issued by a banker in one city to a merchant who could exchange it for cash in a distant city, thus freeing him from traveling with gold, which was easily stolen
paper money
legal currency issued on paper; it developed in China as a convenient alternative to metal coins
