cardio

The health care provider prescribes a progressive exercise program that includes walking for a client with a history of diminished arterial perfusion to the lower extremities. The nurse explains to the client that if leg cramps occur while walking, the client should: 1.Take one aspirin (ASA) twice a day 2.Stop to rest until the pain resolves 3.Walk more slowly while pain is present 4.Take one nitroglycerin tablet sublingually

2.Stop to rest until the pain resolves

A client is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The nurse should monitor this client for which signs and symptoms associated with heart failure? (Select all that apply.) 1.Weight loss 2.Unusual fatigue 3.Dependent edema 4.Nocturnal dyspnea 5.Increased urinary output

2.Unusual fatigue 3.Dependent edema 4.Nocturnal dyspnea

The nurse is completing an assessment on a couple seeking genetic counseling for sickle cell anemia. Both prospective parents carry sickle cell traits. The nurse recognizes that the couple has what chance of having a child who develops the disease? 1.25% 2.50% 3.75% 4.100%

1.25%

A client is brought to the emergency department with chest pain. The client asks why an electrocardiogram (ECG) has been prescribed. The nurse explains that the ECG will: 1.Aid in detecting heart damage 2.Detect altered heart sounds 3.Determine the flow of blood to the heart muscle 4.Evaluate the spatial relationship of structures within the heart

1.Aid in detecting heart damage

A client with a suspected dysrhythmia is to wear a Holter monitor for 24 hours at home. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? 1.Keep a record of the day's activities 2.Avoid going through laser-activated doors 3.Record the pulse and blood pressure every four hours 4.Delay taking prescribed medications until the monitor is removed

1.Keep a record of the day's activities

A nurse is auscultating a client's heart sounds. Which valves close when the first heart sounds are produced? 1.Mitral and tricuspid 2.Aortic and tricuspid 3.Mitral and pulmonic 4.Aortic and pulmonic

1.Mitral and tricuspid

How should the nurse make the bed of a client who is in the acute phase after a myocardial infarction? 1.Replace the top linen and only the necessary bottom linen. 2.Lift the client from side to side while changing the bed linen. 3.Change the linen from top to bottom without lowering the head of the bed. 4.Slide the client onto a stretcher to remake the bed and then slide the client back to the bed

1.Replace the top linen and only the necessary bottom linen.

The client is diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the nurse is discussing lifestyle modifications. Which of these is the most beneficial lifestyle modification the nurse should teach this client? 1.Stop smoking 2.Take an aspirin once daily 3.Start a walking program 4.Eat a low fat, low cholesterol diet

1.Stop smoking

A client with mild chronic heart failure is to be discharged with prescriptions for daily oral doses of an antidysrhythmic, potassium chloride (Slow-K) 40 mEq, docusate sodium (Colace) 100 mg, and furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg twice a day. The client reports having no family members who can help after discharge. What should the nurse help this client identify? 1.Support systems that can assist the client at home 2.Potential nursing homes in which the client can recuperate 3.Agencies that can help the client regain activities of daily living 4.Ways that the client can develop relationships with neighbors

1.Support systems that can assist the client at home

Laboratory results of a client's blood after chemotherapy indicate bone marrow depression. What should the nurse encourage the client to do? (Select all that apply.) 1.Use a soft toothbrush. 2.Sleep with the head of the bed elevated. 3.Increase activity levels and take frequent walks. 4.Drink more citrus juices and eat more citrus fruits. 5.Read the ingredients in over-the-counter drugs before taking them

1.Use a soft toothbrush. 5.Read the ingredients in over-the-counter drugs before taking them

A primary health care provider prescribes atenolol (Tenormin) 20 mg by mouth four times a day for a client who has had double coronary artery bypass surgery. What information is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan for this client? 1.Drink alcoholic beverages in moderation 2.Avoid abruptly discontinuing the medication. 3.Increase the medication if chest pain develops. 4.Report a pulse rate less than seventy beats per minute

2.Avoid abruptly discontinuing the medication.

A client admitted to the hospital has edematous ankles. What should the nurse do to best reduce edema of the lower extremities? 1.Restrict fluids. 2.Elevate the legs. 3.Apply elastic bandages. 4.Do range-of-motion exercises.

2.Elevate the legs.

Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are prescribed for a client with the diagnosis of angina. The client asks the nurse how long it should take for the chest pain to subside after nitroglycerin is taken. What should the nurse tell the client? 1. 4 to 5 seconds 2. 1 to 3 minutes 3. 30 to 45 seconds 4. 20 to 45 minutes

2. 1 to 3 minutes

Before a client has a cardiac catheterization, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is performed and hypokalemia is suspected. The nurse expects that the diagnosis will be confirmed by which diagnostic test? 1.Complete blood count 2.Serum potassium level 3.X-ray film of long bones 4.Blood cultures times three

2.Serum potassium level

A male client receiving hemodialysis undergoes surgery to create an arteriovenous fistula. Before discharge, the nurse discusses care at home with the client and his wife. Which statement by the client's wife indicates that further teaching is required? 1."I must touch the shunt several times a day to feel for the bruit." 2."I have to take his blood pressure every day in the arm with the fistula." 3."He will have to be very careful at night not to lie on the arm with the fistula." 4."We really should check the fistula every day for signs of redness and swelling."

2."I have to take his blood pressure every day in the arm with the fistula."

A nurse teaches a client with varicose veins about prevention of a thromboembolus. Which statement regarding preventive measures indicates that the client requires further teaching? 1."I must increase my fluid intake." 2."I will massage my legs twice a day." 3."Elastic stockings should be put on before getting out of bed." 4."Involving my upper and lower extremeties in all exercises is important."

2."I will massage my legs twice a day."

A client complains of foot pain and is diagnosed with arterial insufficiency. The nurse provides teaching about what the client can do to increase arterial dilation and to decrease foot pain. The nurse concludes that further teaching is needed when the client states what? 1."I will wear socks." 2."I will quit smoking." 3."I will elevate my foot." 4."I will increase fluid intake."

3."I will elevate my foot."

The spouse of a client who had emergency coronary artery bypass surgery asks why there is a dressing on the client's left leg. The nurse explains that: 1.This is the access site for the heart-lung machine 2.A filter is inserted in the leg to prevent embolization 3.A vein in the leg was used to bypass the coronary artery 4.The arteries in the extremities are examined during surgery

3.A vein in the leg was used to bypass the coronary artery

A nurse caring for a client with a myocardial infarction is concerned that the client may develop left ventricular failure. For which clinical manifestation should the nurse assess the client? 1.Weight loss 2.Distended neck veins 3.Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 4.Right upper quadrant tenderness

3.Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

The nurse encourages a client with Raynaud's disease to stop smoking because it causes: 1.Pain and tingling 2.Cyanosis and necrosis 3.Peripheral vasoconstriction 4.Excessive blood oxygen content

3.Peripheral vasoconstriction

A client diagnosed with multiple myeloma has been given a poor prognosis. After discharge, the client plans to travel on an airplane and attend sporting events with friends and family. The nurse prepares a discharge teaching plan for this client and includes: 1.Eliminating travel plans to combat anemia-related fatigue 2.Reinforcing a positive mental attitude to improve prognosis 3.Preventing infection; the client is at risk for leukopenia 4.Restricting fluid intake; the client is at risk for congestive heart failure

3.Preventing infection; the client is at risk for leukopenia

A client with heart failure is to receive digoxin (Lanoxin) and asks the nurse why the medication is necessary. The nurse explains that digoxin: 1.Increases ventricular contractions 2.Reduces edema in extracellular spaces 3.Slows and strengthens cardiac contractions 4.Increases cardiac impulses through the conduction system of the heart

3.Slows and strengthens cardiac contractions

A nurse observes the following dysrhythmia on a client's cardiac monitor. What rhythm does the nurse identify? 1.Atrial flutter 2.Atrial fibrillation 3.Ventricular fibrillation 4.Ventricular tachycardia

3.Ventricular fibrillation

A health care provider prescribes a dose of medication that is much higher than is recommended for the clinical situation, and directs the nurse to give the medication immediately. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1."The dose is too high. I do not feel comfortable administering this dose." 2."Please tell me how you arrived at this dose. I think your calculations are incorrect." 3."You're probably thinking of another drug. This is beyond the safe dosage limits indicated for this drug." 4."That dose is more than I can give legally. However, if the dose is medically indicated, please administer it yourself."

4."That dose is more than I can give legally. However, if the dose is medically indicated, please administer it yourself."

Which client statement indicates an understanding of the nurse's instructions concerning a Holter monitor? 1."The only times the monitor should be taken off is for showering and sleep." 2."The monitor will record my activities and symptoms if an abnormal rhythm occurs." 3."The results from the monitor will be used to determine the size and shape of my heart." 4."The monitor will record any abnormal heart rhythms while I go about my usual activities."

4."The monitor will record any abnormal heart rhythms while I go about my usual activities."

A client with a tentative diagnosis of pernicious anemia is scheduled for a Schilling test. Which body process associated with vitamin B12 is assessed with the Shilling test? 1.Storage 2.Digestion 3.Production 4.Absorption

4.Absorption

A nurse expects that a client with right-sided heart failure will exhibit: 1.Oliguria 2.Pallor 3.Cool extremities 4.Distended neck veins

4.Distended neck veins

A client who recently was diagnosed as having myelocytic leukemia discusses the diagnosis by referring to statistics, facts, and figures. The nurse determines that the client is using the defense mechanism known as: 1.Projection 2.Sublimation 3.Identification 4.Intellectualization

4.Intellectualization

A client with bilateral varicose veins of the lower extremities questions the nurse about the brownish discoloration of the lower legs. The best response by the nurse is, "This is probably the result of: 1.Inadequate arterial blood supply." 2.Delayed healing of tissues after an injury." 3.Increased production of melanin in the area." 4.Leakage of red blood cells through the vascular wall."

4.Leakage of red blood cells through the vascular wall."

A client who is recovering from an acute myocardial infarction reports not being happy about the lack of salt with meals. Recognizing that adherence to a medical regimen improves with understanding, the nurse explains that the salt must be limited to: 1.Prevent an increase in blood pressure from tissue edema. 2.Reduce the circulating blood volume via a diuretic effect. 3.Reduce the amount of edema present, which interferes with heart action. 4.Prevent further accumulation of fluid, which increases the workload of the heart.

4.Prevent further accumulation of fluid, which increases the workload of the heart.