Cardiovascular System: Blood Blood Composition and Erythrocyte Function Dynamic Study Module

A woman with anemia would have a hematocrit less than _______.

37%

Which of the following is true about hemoglobin?

A lack of the dietary elements for erythropoiesis can result in a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin per cell

The plasma protein that makes the largest contribution to plasma osmotic pressure is

Albumin

Prolonged hypoxia results in increased red blood cell production, via up regulation of the hormone

Erythropoietin

Molecules or ions found within erythrocytes include ____________.

Fe2+, HCO3-, H+, hemoglobin (ALL ANSWERS CORRECT)

The percentage of total blood volume occupied by packed red blood cells is called

Hemocrit

Which of the following would not be found in the plasma fraction of blood? Hemoglobin would not be found in the plasma fraction of the blood because it is located inside erythrocytes. Hemoglobin is responsible for transporting almost all of the oxygen and some of the carbon dioxide in the blood.

Hemoglobin

Blood tests on a patient show a lower than normal hematocrit. Further blood tests reveal the presence of the parasite that causes malaria. Further tests are necessary, but this patient may have __________.

Hemolytic anemia

If the carbon dioxide concentration of blood increases, the ____________.

Hydrogen ion concentration increases and pH decreases

If the carbon dioxide concentration of blood increases, the _______________.

Hydrogen ion concentration increases and pH decreases

An increase in the number of neutrophils in the blood may indicate

Infection

Which organ removes old erythrocytes from circulation The liver and the spleen remove old erythrocytes from circulation. After traveling approximately 700 miles over 120 days, erythrocytes may lyse or be phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen and the liver. The macrophages will catabolize the hemoglobin as well. Specifically, the iron is removed from the heme group and it is converted to bilirubin.

Liver and spleen

Polycythemia is characterized by ________________.

Overproduction of blood cells resulting in increased blood viscosity

Which statement is false regarding plasma?

Plasma is identical in composition to interstitial fluid.

How does the biconcave shape of erythrocytes promote their function?

The biconcave shape increases the flexibility of the cell, which permits cells to travel through capillaries that have a smaller diameter than the erythrocytes and a large surface area-to-cytoplasm ratio is a benefit of the shape because it promotes exchange of gases.

Athletes increase hemoglobin content in their body by

Training at high altitude and injecting red blood cells, injecting erythropoietin ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

Erythrocytes function primarily to __________.

Transport respiratory gases between the lungs and tissues

The functions of globulins include

Transport, immunity, and blood clot formation

A patient's blood sample is centrifuged to separate the plasma, erythrocyte, and leukocyte fractions Height of total blood column = 40 mm. Height of erythrocyte column = 20 mm. The blood sample most likely came from __________. The blood sample most likely came from a normal male. In order to calculate hematocrit we use the following equation: Hematocrit = height of erythrocyte column X 100 height of whole blood column Hence, (20/40) X 100 = 50%. A normal hematocrit for a male falls in the range of 42-50% while normal hematocrit for a female is in the range of 37-47%.

a normal male

Put the following molecules or cells in the order that would represent the sequence in which these cells/molecules appear in the life cycle of erythrocytes, starting with the synthesis of erythrocytes: (a) erythropoietin (b) reticulocytes (c) bile (d) bilirubin

a, b, d, c

Cell types found in blood include...

eosinophils

The leukocytes that participate in allergic reactions are

eosinophils and basophils

Phagocytic leukocytes include

eosinophils and neutrophils

Phagocytic leukocytes include __________.

eosinophils and neutrophils

Erythrocyte production requires

folic acid, vitamin B12, Iron

A differential blood count _______.

indicates the relative percentages of each type of white blood cell

The type of leukocyte that kills invading organisms only by phagocytosis, and does not secrete enzymes, antibodies, or any other chemical defense, is the ... These cells are produced in the bone marrow, travel via the blood to the site of infection, and phagocytize microorganisms, abnormal cells, and foreign particles.

neutrophil