Careers in Psych Ch. 2

College professors typically use class time to provide overviews or summaries of course material. True False

True

According to your textbook, academic success in college is largely based on: a. the ability to learn new information and master new skills b. the ability to read quickly and multitask c. the ability to memorize material and master new skills d. the ability to memorize material and employ study habits one has successfully used in the past

a.

Compared to high school courses, college courses typically have: a. fewer restrictions on classroom behavior and more rules about academic work (e.g., deadlines) b. more restrictions on classroom behavior and fewer rules about academic work (e.g., deadlines) c. more restrictions on classroom behavior and more rules about academic work (e.g., deadlines) d. fewer restrictions on classroom behavior and fewer rules about academic work (e.g., deadlines)

a.

Health services and counseling services: a. are typically available on college campuses at low or no cost b. are not typically both offered on college campuses. It is more likely that a college campus will offer health services than counseling services c. are typically available on college campuses, but they are usually quite costly d. are typically unavailable on college campuses so it is important for students to arrange for these services off-campus

a.

What percentage of college students report not getting enough sleep? a. 10% b. 25% c. 75% d. 50%

c.

Which of the following is a test-wise strategy? a. underlining the most important terms in an item b. using content from other test items to identify correct answers c. all of the above d. checking to see if the grammar of an item provides clues to the correct choice

c.

Compared to high school courses: a. college courses involve more memorization but less reflective thinking b. college courses cover material in more detail c. college courses cover more material but at a cursory level d. college courses cover less material and cover it at a cursory level

b.

Jack is taking his multiple choice final exam in his Industrial-Organizational Psychology course. After he answers the last question, he reviews all of his answers and is thinking about changing his answer to one of the questions. According to your textbook, should Jack change his answer? a. Maybe. He should pay attention to his intuition. If the current answer "feels right" he should keep it. On the other hand if another answer "feels right" he should change it. b. Maybe. If he's considering changing his answer because he's remembered new information or had some new insight, then it would be a good idea to change his answer. c. Yes. It's usually a good idea to change an answer instead of staying with your first choice. d. No. It's rarely a good idea to change an answer on a multiple choice exam

b.

Which of the following is an indicator that colleges and universities use to measure success? a. retention b. all of the above c. graduation rates d. graduation timeframes

b.

Which of the following statements is false? a. about 20% of college students experience poor sleep quality b. students who are sleeping less are typically aware of their decline in functioning c. insufficient sleep can interfere with academic performance d. 75% of college students report not getting enough sleep

b.

Which of the following statements is true? a. because your advisor is an expert at advising and scheduling classes, a student does not need to prepare for advising meetings b. an advising appointment can include discussion of a student's career plans c. none of the above are true d. an academic advisor's only role is to help you schedule your classes

b.

Which of the following is an example of an internal locus of control? a. all of the above b. Drew failed his Algebra class. When he got his grade he thought to himself, "I would have passed this class if I'd had a better instructor." c. Joyce got an A on her Research Methods midterm exam. When congratulated by her roommate she said, "I think I just got lucky." d. Joyce got an A on her Research Methods midterm exam. When congratulated by her roommate she said, "I think I just got lucky."

c.

About _______________ of high school students are considered to be adequately prepared to enter a 4-year college. a. 1/2 b. 1/5 c. 1/3 d. 3/4

c.

According to research, the two most important components of note-taking are transcribing the information efficiently and: a. re-reading the information after class b. re-copying the information after class c. highlighting the key terms/concepts d. adding additional information to the transcribed notes

c.

According to your textbook, in order to read effectively and increase comprehension of material a student should: a. skip material that is already known, read new information thoroughly, develop an understanding of the material b. skip material that is already known, read new information thoroughly, commit the new information to memory c. process the new information, develop an understanding of the material, retain the new information d. read quickly and commit the new information to memory

c.

According to your textbook, which of the following is the best definition of stress? a. the perception that one's resources are inadequate to deal with demands b. the negative events that occur in one's life c. negative events that occur in one's life and bring about an aversive state of physiological arousal d. the positive and negative events that occur in one's life

c.

According to your textbook, which of the following is the best example of an efficient time management strategy that will also enhance learning? a. Brett has a comprehensive final in his Biopsychology course. Because he has multiple exams to study for he waits to study until the day before the exam, when he can spend most of the day studying for just that exam. b. all of the above c. At the beginning of the semester in Janine's Social Psychology course the instructor assigns a 20-page research paper, which will be due at the end of the semester. Janine decides to break the paper down into sections and during the semester she works on one section at a time. d. In Devon's Psychology of Gender class each student is required to give a 20-minute presentation at the end of the semester. Devon decides to wait until the week before the presentation is due to work on it so that he can do it "all at one time" and ensure that the entire presentation will be fresh in his mind

c.

Mitsuru has a comprehensive final exam coming up in his abnormal psychology class. According to your textbook, which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in preparing for the exam? a. having repeated study sessions in which all the exam material is studied b. studying all the material covered in the exam, but doing so in one long study session shortly before the exam c. breaking the material down into sections (e.g., schizophrenia, mood disorders) and studying those sections repeatedly over time d. multitasking while studying so that exam material will come to mind "without thinking" during the exam

c.

What do college students typically identify as their biggest stressor? a. time management b. relationships c. grades d. finances

c.

In college, engaging in the learning process is primarily the responsibility of the: a. student b. tutor c. teaching assistant d. professor

a.

In terms of enrollment trends in postsecondary education (e.g., colleges and universities), which of the following statements is true? a. the number of college students over the age of 35 has decreased b. since 1980, the percentage of graduating high school students immediately enrolling in postsecondary education has remained stable c. in the past 30 years, enrollment at colleges and universities has increased dramatically d. since 1980, the percentage of graduating high school students immediately enrolling in postsecondary education has decreased considerably

a.

Jenna just graduated from high school. She was able to get straight A's with very little effort by memorizing information for tests. If she wants to do well in college she should be aware that: a. all of the above b. as a college student she will be expected to demonstrate a deeper level of understanding of course material c. the amount of material expected to be learned in her college courses will be extensive d. material in her college courses will be covered in more detail than in her high school courses

a.

Karen is taking an exam in her Research Methods course and is trying to answer the following question: In an experiment, a variable that is manipulated is known as an: a. independent variable b. confounding variable c. dependent variable d. placebo

a.

Karen isn't sure of the answer but in re-reading the question and the answer choices she notices that "independent variable" is the only option that fits grammatically with the question stem. She chooses "C", not because she knows this is the answer, but because she sees that it is the only grammatically correct choice. This is an example of: a. a test-wise strategy b. an internal locus of control c. a lucky guess d. an educated guess

a.

Note taking is a difficult task that involves: a. holding information in memory, deciphering its meaning, and transcribing it quickly b. holding information in memory and transcribing it quickly c. holding information in memory, putting the material into your own words, and transcribing it quickly d. holding information in memory, paraphrasing the material, and transcribing it quickly

a.

Recent data show that _______________ of first-time, full-time college students do not return for their second year. a. 28% b. 73% c. 56% d. 12%

a.

Samantha recently received her bachelor's degree in psychology. If she is like most first-time, full-time college students she: a. took more than 4 years to complete her degree b. completed her degree in 4 years c. took more than 6 years to complete her degree d. completed her degree in less than 4 years

a.

The primary organizing element of a college course is: a. the syllabus b. the students' schedules c. the textbook d. the student

a.

Which of the following is an example of an external locus of control? a. Brenda did really well on the final exam in her Sociology class. When her sister congratulated her and asked her how she did so well she replied, "The test was easy." b. Kris got a failing grade on her Theories of Personality research paper. When she told her friends about it she said, "I've got to work harder for the next paper." c. In preparing for the midterm exam in her Statistics class, Bailey has gone to see the Teaching Assistant several times to clarify material she was confused about. When she got an A on the exam she thought to herself, "I'm really glad I went to see the TA for help!"

a.

Which of the following statements is true? a. although almost every college student procrastinates, over half procrastinate so much that it leads to academic problems b. contrary to the stereotype, most college students do not procrastinate c. although almost every college student procrastinates, very few do so to the degree that it leads to academic problems d. contrary to the stereotype, most college students do not procrastinate, and among those who do it rarely leads to academic problems

a.

_______________ enables students to use features of a test in conjunction with their test-taking experience to improve their scores. a. test-wiseness b. concept-schema c. the rule-in/rule-out strategy d. test-capture

a.

According to your textbook, which of the following statements is true with regard to reading course material? a. reading without fully paying attention to the material is an effective reading strategy because it allows a student to get through more material b. a and c c. reading passively (e.g., skimming, not thinking about the material) is an efficient way to comprehend course material d. reading course material thoroughly and actively thinking about the information is an effective reading strategy

d.

After graduating from high school, Lynn plans to look for a job while Christine plans to attend college and then look for a job after graduating with her bachelor's degree. According to job market trends, which one of the following statements is true? a. Lynn and Christine will likely have equal chances of obtaining employment, but Christine is likely to have a higher starting salary b. Lynn and Christine will likely have equal chances of obtaining employment and will also likely have similar starting salaries c. Lynn will likely have a better chance of obtaining employment, but Christine will likely have a higher starting salary d. Christine will likely have a better chance of obtaining employment as well as a higher starting salary

d.

Danice is starting college and is very worried about her time management skills. The best advice you could give her would be for her to: a. work on the classes she doesn't enjoy first b. arrange her schedule so that she can complete large amounts of academic work in one sitting c. focus on her favorite classes and put off the work she doesn't enjoy until she absolutely has to do it d. create a schedule that enables her to space her tasks out in smaller units

d.

Students are most likely to procrastinate on tasks: a. they consider pointless and less important than other tasks b. that involve group work c. they consider to be easy d. they consider to be difficult or that require skills they lack

d.

What percentage of undergraduates complete at least one remedial course in their first year? a. 60% b. 40% c. 10% d. 20%

d.

Which of the following statements is false? a. in college, engagement in the learning process is the responsibility of the student b. attendance is almost always monitored in college classes c. in college, a substantial amount of learning takes place outside of the classroom d. college students spend more time in the classroom than high school students

d.

Which of the following statements is true with regard to positive exam performance? a. a and c b. Students should not look over an exam before starting it and should immediately start answering questions in order to minimize the anxiety created by seeing upcoming, difficult questions. c. For short-answer and essay questions it is best not to take time to plan your response. Instead you should immediately start writing so that ideas can come to you as you write. d. Students should look over an exam before starting it.

d.

Which of the following statements is true? a. college professors are typically more available than high school teachers and interactions are likely to focus primarily on personal issues b. college professors are typically more available than high school teachers and interactions are likely to focus exclusively on academic issues c. college professors are typically less available than high school teachers and interactions are likely to focus equally on personal and academic issues d. college professors are typically less available than high school teachers and interactions are likely to focus exclusively on academic issues

d.

Which of the following statements is true? a. neither high schools nor colleges emphasize openness to and tolerance of different backgrounds and opinions b. compared to high school, in college there is usually a decreased emphasis on openness to and tolerance of different backgrounds and opinions c. high schools and colleges typically emphasize openness to and tolerance of different backgrounds and opinions and they do so to the same degree d. compared to high school, in college there is usually an increased emphasis on openness to and tolerance of different backgrounds and opinions

d.

Which of the following statements is true? a. students with an internal locus of control tend to experience more stress b. in terms of academics, an internal locus of control is always better than an external locus of control c. in terms of academics, an external locus of control is always better than an internal locus of control d. one explanatory style—internal or external locus of control—may not always be better than another

d.

Which of the following topics is not typically covered in an academic advising session? a. a student's academic performance b. course selection c. a student's career plans d. all of the above can be covered in an academic advising session

d.