CCMS State LA

Ambrose Bierce

"An Occurence at Owl Creek Bridge"- set during the Civil War; Peyton Farquhar, a Confederate sympathizer is condemned to die by hanging upon the Owl Creek Bridge stream of consciousness story

"The Oak and the Reeds"

"Better to yield when it is folly to resist, than to resist stubbornly and be destroyed."

"The Vain Jackdaw and His Borrowed Feathers"

"Borrowed feathers do not make fine birds."

Percy Shelley

"Ozymandias" "Prometheus Unbound"

"The Two Goats"

"People who think wise won't get into unnecessary trouble."

Isaac Asimov

"Rain, Rain, Go Away"- short story; Two couples are neighbors- the Wrights and the Sakkaros. The Sakkaros avoid water and act kind of weird. They go to a fair with the Wrights and only eat cotton candy. When the night ends, it is starting to sprinkle. The Sakkaros run inside their home and Mrs. Wright comments, "Honestly, George, you would think they are made of sugar and afraid they would melt" "Key Item"- science fiction story; Multivac, a huge and perfect computer, stops working. Two scientists try to detect the fault, but the machine appears to follow more complex procedures which will be revealed by the choice of a key word.

Alfred, Lord Tennyson

"The Charge of the Light Brigade" "Ulysses" "Crossing the Bar"

Alfred Noyes

"The Highwayman" "The Barrel Organ"

blase

(adj.) indifferent, bored as a result of having enjoyed many pleasures; apathetic

cul-de-sac

(n.) a blind alley or dead-end street; any situation in which further progress is impossible; an impasse

citadel

(n.) a fortress that overlooks and protects a city; any strong or commanding place

The Dark-Thirty Southern Tales of the Supernatural

-by Patricia McKissack Newbery Honor; Coretta Scott King Award

The Little Foxes

1939 play by Lillian Hellman Its title comes from Chapter 2, Verse 15 of the Song of Solomon in the King James version of the Bible, which reads, "Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes." Set in a small town in Alabama in 1900, it focuses on the struggle for control of a family business.[

"Four Freedoms" speech 1941 State of the Union Address

1941 State of the Union Address given by Franklin D. Roosevelt; 1) freedom of speech 2) freedom of religion 3)freedom from want 4) freedom from fear

Margarita Engle

1st Latina woman to earn a Newbery Medal Enchanted Air: Two Cultures, Two Wings- memoir The Surrender Tree: Poems of Cuba's Struggle for Freedom- Newbery Honor book Drum Dream Girl: How One Girl's Courage Changed Music

Three Times Lucky

2013 Newbery Honor Sheila Turnage Miss Moses LoBeau lives in the small town of Tupelo Landing, NC, where everyone's business is fair game and no secret is sacred. She washed ashore in a hurricane eleven years ago, and she's been making waves ever since. Although Mo hopes someday to find her "upstream mother," she's found a home with the Colonel--a café owner with a forgotten past of his own--and Miss Lana, the fabulous café hostess. She will protect those she loves with every bit of her strong will and tough attitude. So when a lawman comes to town asking about a murder, Mo and her best friend, Dale Earnhardt Johnson III, set out to uncover the truth in hopes of saving the only family Mo has ever known.

Other Words for Home

2020 Newbery Honor Book; by Jasmine Warga; This book follows Jude and her mother, both Muslim, who flee war-torn Syria for a new life in America. It explores themes of family, prejudice, and what home truly means in a timely and honest manner.

Fry Bread: A Native American Family Story

2020 Sibert Medal winner by Kevin Noble Maillard;

Free Lunch

2020 YALSA for Non-Fiction by Rex Ogle

< > angle brackets

<> The characters, < and >, set HTML tags off from the rest of the text on an HTML page. These two symbols enclose all HTML tags.

Charles Dickens

A Christmas Carol Great Expectations A Tale of Two Cities David Copperfield

Idiom

A common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally.

Quatrain

A four line stanza

poetry

A kind of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery designed to appeal to our emotions and imagination. divided into stanzas

Exposition

A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances.

Entrepreneur

A person who starts up and takes on the risk of a business

Ballad

A poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas

Allusion

A reference to another work of literature, person, or event

secondary source

A secondhand account of an event or a retelling of another person's observations written by someone who did not witness or actually participate in the events. Includes sources that combine, synthesize, and or interpret information from primary sources. Examples include encyclopedias, textbooks, and reviews.

imperative sentence

A sentence that requests or commands.

caret

A sign (^) placed below a line, indicating where omitted words, etc., should be inserted.

Analogy

A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. ex) hat:head :: shoe:foot

paradox

A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. ex) We go to war to bring about peace.

Joe Magarac

A steelworker from Pittsburgh, PA.

split infinitive

Caused by inserting an adverb between the word "to" and the verb ex) to quickly leave Should be "to leave quickly"

"The Ass in the Lion's Skin"

Clothes may disguise a fool, but his words will give him away.

Dialogue

Conversation between two or more characters

Holly Black

Doll Bones- Newbery Honor book; Plot Summary: Zach, Poppy and Alice- 3 long-term friends; Zach's father throws out all Zach's toys, declaring he's too old for them. Zach stops playing with the girls. One night the girls pay Zach a visit. Poppy swears that she is now being haunted by a china doll - who claims that it is made from the ground-up bones of a murdered girl. They must return the doll to where the girl lived, and bury it. Otherwise the three children will be cursed for eternity .

Anne McCaffrey

Dragonriders of Pern

Pam Munoz Ryan

Echo- Newbery Honor book; A harmonica touches the lives of German Friedrich, Pennsylvania Mike, and Californian Ivy decades after Otto first encounters it. Esperanza Rising When Marian Sang- Sibert Honor

Edward Burne-Jones

English artist and designer; worked with stained glass and oil paintings

Aubrey Beardsley

Famous for black and white erotic paintings

Howard Pyle

Father of American Illustration; Illustrated: The Story of Sir Launcelot and His Companions and The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood

Candace Fleming

Giant Squid- Sibert Honor book The Family Romanov: Murder, Rebellion & the Fall of Imperial Russia Amelia Lost: The Life And Disappearance Of Amelia Earhart The Great and Only Barnum

Eleanor Estes

Ginger Pye- Newbery Medal The Middle Moffat- Newbery Honor Rufus M. - Newbery Honor The Hundred Dresses- Newbery Honor

bonjour

Good day!

Louis Sachar

Holes- Newbery Medal; National Book Award Fuzzy Mud Sideways Stories from Wayside School Small Steps

Mood

How the reader feels about the text while reading.

Emily Neville

It's Like This, Cat- Newbery Medal; -a boy argues with his father over a cat Berries Goodman

Charlotte Bronte

Jane Eyre- story of a young, orphaned girl who lives with her aunt and cousins, the Reeds, at Gateshead Hall. Mrs. Reed hates Jane and allows her son John to torment the girl.

Ann Angel

Janice Joplin: Rise Up Singing

Jean Craighead George

Julie of the Wolves- Newbery Medal My Side of the Mountain- Newbery Honor

Marguerite Henry

King of the Wind: the story about a stallion, a stable boy, and their globe-spanning adventures- Newbery Medal Justin Morgan Had a Horse- Newbery Honor Misty of Chincoteague- Newbery Honor

Cynthia Kadohata

Kira-Kira- Newbery Medal; Plot Summary: Katie loves her big sister, Lynn, who sees even ordinary things in the world as kira-kira, a Japanese word for glittering. Born in the U.S. to Japanese parents, the girls face prejudices at school and watch their parents endure hardships to make ends meet in a predominantly white culture. The Thing about Luck- National Book Award Weedflower Cracker! The Best Dog in Vietnam

Matt de la Pena

Last Stop on Market Street- Newberry Medal, Coretta Scott King Illustrator Honor, and a Caldecott Honor; CJ envies is friend Colby's car and fellow passengers' iPods until his grandma helps him gain perspective by taking him to the last stop on Market Street which is a soup kitchen. Ball Don't Lie- YALSA Award Mexican WhiteBoy- YALSA Award We Were Here- YALSA Award

Leprechaun folklore

Leprechauns usually are old men who wear hats and leather aprons and hide pots of gold. Prominent part of Irish folklore

carpe diem

Literally, "seize the day"; "enjoy life while you can," a common theme in life and literature.

Alexander Gordon Smith

Lockdown -story of Alex Sawyer who was framed of murder. Alex was sent to Furnace Penitentiary, the world's most secure prison for young offenders.

Jerry Spinelli

Maniac Magee- Newbery Medal Wringer- Newbery Honor Milkweed Stargirl Loser Eggs

"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County"

Mark Twain (short story) main character- Jim Smiley; frog- Daniel Webster By the end of the story, Dan'l Webster is no longer the "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" because a stranger filled him with quail shot.

au jus

Meat served with its own juice.

Meg Medina

Merci Suárez Changes Gears- Newbery Medal; about a 6th grade student at a private school

Kathryn Erskine

Mockingbird- National Book Award Caitlin struggles with her Asperger's and her brother Devon's death

Clare Vanderpool

Moon Over Manifest- Newbery Medal; tells the story of Abilene Tucker, whose father put her on a train, sending her off to live with an old friend for the summer while he works a railroad job. Abilene jumps off the train in Manifest, Kansas, aiming to learn about the boy her father once was. Navigating Early- Printz Honor book

"The Two Crabs"

Moral: Do not tell others how to act unless you can set a good example.

Carolyn Keene

Nancy Drew

The Crow and the Pitcher

Necessity is the mother of invention

Elizabeth Bishop

One Art

Jack Prelutsky

Poet; "Be Glad Your Nose Is on Your Face" "Last Night I Dreamed of Chickens" "As Soon As Fred Gets Out of Bed"

"All Summer in a Day"

Ray Bradbury (short story) Setting: Venus (where the sun only shines 2 hours every 7 years;) Plot: Children lock Margot in the closet and she misses seeing the sunshine.

Kate Douglas Wiggin

Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm; tells the story of Rebecca Rowena Randall and her aunts, one stern and one kind, in the fictional village of Riverboro, Maine.

Arthur Bowie Chrisman

Shen of the Sea- a collection of short stories; won the Newbery Medal

Henry James

The Turn of the Screw- ghost story; protagonist- the governess; Flora and Miles- the children; Mrs. Grosse- a servant and friend of the governess; Miss Jessel-the previous governess Daisy Miller- portrays the courtship of the beautiful American girl Daisy Miller by Winterbourne, a sophisticated gentleman.

Henry Cole

Unspoken: A Story from the Underground Railroad

prix fixe

a meal consisting of several courses served at a total fixed price.

enigma

a puzzle; a mystery

connotation

an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

pre

before

cred-

believe, trust

inter-

between, among

in medias res

in the middle of things

magn

large

mega-

large

bio

life

photo-

light

lumin-

light, shine; source

touche

literally means "touched" or "hit"; acknowledgment of an effective counterpoint

mech-

machine

Hakuna Matata

no worries

nom de plume

pen name; pseudonym

memento mori

reminder of death

micro-

small

Personification

the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.

creme de la creme

the best of the best

Sheikh

the head of a tribe

Interrogative Verb

used when the author or speaker is asking a question

-scope

watch, see

aqu-

water

hydro-, hydra-

water

Epic

A long poem about a hero's achievements

"The Struggle for Human Rights"

Eleanor Roosevelt's speech to the U.N. members with the aim to encourage U.N. member states to cast votes in support of the passage of the Universal Declaration for Human Rights.

Jonathan Swift

Gulliver's Travels- tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a surgeon who takes to the seas when his business fails. 4 lands where Gulliver travels: 1)Lilliput- island where Gulliver is tied up by tiny people and later helps the population in their war against the Blefuscans over how to the crack an egg. 2)Brobdingnag- land of giants; 3)Laputa, a floating island inhabited by theoreticians and academics; 4) land of the Houyhnhnms, rational-thinking horses who rule, and by Yahoos, brutish humanlike creatures who serve the Houyhnhnms A Modest Proposal- satirical hyperbole; suggested that the poor Irish people might ease their economic troubles by selling their children as food to rich gentlemen and ladies.

The Velveteen Rabbit

It chronicles the story of a stuffed rabbit's desire to become real through the love of his owner, a boy who came down with scarlet fever. The nursery magic fairy transforms the Velveteen Rabbit into a real bunny saving him from being burned with his owner's other infected toys written by Margery Williams

Lady Godiva

Legendary Anglo-Saxon noblewoman who rode nude horseback through Coventry, England, covered by her long, flowing hair. Her husband agreed to annul the taxes he had imposed on the city if she did this.

Katherine Roy

NEIGHBORHOOD SHARKS: Hunting with the Great Whites of California's Farallon Islands- Sibert Honor book How to Be an Elephant

The Book Thief

Markus Zusak Narrated by Death; Plot follows Liesel Meminger; after the death of her younger brother on a train to the fictional town of Molching, Germany on the outskirts of Munich, Liesel arrives at the home of her new foster parents, Hans and Rosa Hubermann. During her time there, she is exposed to the horrors of the Nazi regime, caught between the innocence of childhood and the maturity demanded by her destructive surroundings.

"The Lion and the Shepherd"

Moral: When a man acts righteously, the punishments his enemies inflict on him can't defeat him.

Emancipation Proclamation

Proclamation issued by Lincoln, freeing all slaves in areas still at war with the Union. "All persons held as slaves...shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."

Hugh Lofting

The Voyages of Dr. Doolittle; Newbery Medal Doolittle lives in Puddleby-on-the-Marsh with a parrot, a duck named Dab Dab, and a monkey named Chee-Chee

Ellen Raskin

The Westing Game- Newbery Medal 1979

dangling modifier

a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence ex) "when young" in "When young, circuses appeal to all of us."

Adjective

a word that modifies a noun or pronoun; answers the questions: How many? Which one? or What kind/color?

drama

a work of literature designed to be performed in front of an audience contains a list of characters

cliche

a worn-out idea or overused expression

Matt Phelan

award-winning creator of graphic novels The Storm in the Barn- won Scott O'Dell Award; 11 yr old Jack Clark lives in Depression-era Kansas. He discovers the shadowy figure he attributes to "dust dementia" is actually rain, which won't appear until people worship it. Snow White Bluffton Around the World

Imperative Verb

used to command or tell someone to take action

migr-

wander, move, travel

N. C. Wyeth

was an American artist and illustrator. He was taught by artist Howard Pyle. Illustrated classic literature such as: Treasure Island, Kidnapped, Robin Hood, The Last of the Mohicans, Robinson Crusoe, Rip Van Winkle, and The Yearling.

William Inge

was an American playwright and novelist; became known as the "Playwright of the Midwest." Picnic- won Pulitzer Prize Splendor in the Grass Come Back, Little Sheba

Molly Pitcher

heroine of the American Revolution who carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth Court House and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat (1754-1932); Most likely was actually Mary Ludwig Hays McCauly

Alfred Bulltop Stormalong

master of a huge clipper ship so tall that it had hinged masts to avoid catching on the moon

-meter

measure

-crat

member of a type of government

medi, midi, meso, mesen

middle

psych-

mind

mea culpa

my fault

phys-

nature, growth, body

Boreas

north wind

non-

not

mon-, mono-

one

uni-

one

cent-

one hundred

dilettante

one who merely dabbles in an art or a science

-ologist

one who studies

dem-

people

per diem

per day

Avalon

place of magic, where Excalibur was forged, island where King Arthur goes at his death

Naomi Shihab Nye

poet (Palestinian father; American mother) "Hidden" "Making a Fist" "Two Countries" "Blood" "Streets" "Half and Half"

Nikki Giovanni

poet from Knoxville, TN "The World Is Not a Pleasant Place to Be" "Choices"

nom de guerre

pseudonym

-tract

pull

Past Perfect Progressive

puts emphasis on the course or duration of an action taking place before a certain time in the past. ex) We had been sleeping for 12 hours when he woke us up.

dinghy

small boat

bodega

small grocery store

astro-

star

Indicative Mood

states facts or asks questions Can you play the guitar? I can play the guitar.

-ology

study of

path-

suffering, sickness, disease

deja vu

that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience.

demonstrative pronouns

this, that, these, those

kilo-

thousand

tri-

three

tempo

time

fract-, frag-

to break

schlep

to carry clumsily or with difficulty; lug

savor

to enjoy

-tain

to hold

a la mode

trendy, fashionable; or, served with ice cream

bi-

two

sub

under, below, inferior

cosm

universe, world, order

au courant

up-to-date; fully informed

vac-

empty

elan

energy, style, and enthusiasm

hubris

excessive pride that leads to a hero's tragic downfall

Freytag's Pyramid (or plot structure)

exposition, rising action, climax, denoument or falling action, resolution

Imperative Mood

expresses a command or request Please sit down.

Edward Lear

famous American poet; wrote many limericks "The Owl and the Pussycat"- the owl and cat ran away, bought a ring from a pig, and got married by the turkey who lived on the hill

contra-, contro-

against, opposite, different

omni-

all

pan-

all, every

semper fidelis

always faithful

-gon

angle

David Lindsay-Abaire

American playwright, lyricist and screenwriter

animorphism

animals who behave human- like, including the ability to talk

"The Spendthrift and the Swallow"

"Don't draw a conclusion based on a single observation."

Lewis Carroll

"Jabberwocky"- found within Through the Looking Glass "The Mouse's Tail" "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Bat" "The Hunting of the Snark: An Agony in Eight Fits"-the poem borrows the setting, some creatures, and eight portmanteau words from "Jabberwocky; tells the story of 9 men and a beaver who embark on a sea voyage Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Through the Looking Glass master of nonsense fiction Actual name: Charles Dodgson

E.E. Cummings

"anyone lived in a pretty how town" "i carry your heart with me"

babushka

1. an old woman or grandmother 2. a women's scarf that covers the head when two of its ends are tied under the chin

Ernest Hemingway Novels

A Farewell to Arms The Old Man and the Sea- won the Pulitzer Prize For Whom the Bell Tolls The Sun Also Rises

Richard Peck

A Long Way from Chicago- 1999 Newbery Medal A Year Down Yonder- 2001 Newbery Medal Setting: 1937; Mary Alice is sent downstate to live with Grandma Dowdel while her mother and father remain in Chicago. The River Between Us- Civil war is coming and Tilly Pruitt's brother, Noah, is eager to go and fight on the side of the North. With her father long gone, Tilly, her sister, and their mother struggle to make ends meet and hold the dwindling Pruitt family together. Delphine arrives on a steamboat bound for St. Louis. Mrs. Pruitt agrees to take Delphine and her dark, silent traveling companion in as boarders. No one in town knows what to make of the two strangers, and so the rumors fly. Is Delphine's companion a slave? Could they be spies for the South? Are the Pruitts traitors?

palindrome

A word or an expression that is spelled the same backward and forward

idiom

An idiom is a combination of words that has a figurative meaning, due to its common usage. An idiom's figurative meaning is separate from the literal meaning or definition of the words of which it is made. Piece of cake- something that is easy to do

situational irony

An outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected

Lucy Maud Montgomery

Anne of Green Gables- set in Avonlea on the Prince Edward Island, Canada. Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl, who is mistakenly sent to live with the Cuthberts. Matthew Cuthbert - A sixty-year-old shy bachelor who lives at Green Gables with his sister. Although he is terrified of women, he instantly likes Anne and pressures Marilla to adopt her. Marilla Cuthbert-An unmarried woman who raises Anne. She is prim and proper and not very affectionate, but truly cares for Anne. Gilbert Blythe - A handsome, smart Avonlea boy who becomes Anne's rival when he makes the mistake of teasing her about her red hair. By book's end, they are friends. Diana Barry - Anne's best friend. Mrs. Rachel Lynde - The town busybody. Mrs. Rachel likes nothing better than to give her opinion and preach morals. She lives next door to Green Gables

Nancy Garden

Annie on My Mind

Prose

Any writing that is not poetry No set rhythm or meter

Deborah Sampson

At the age of 21, she dressed up as a man in order to fight in the American Revolution; is the first documented woman to impersonate a man to get into the army; was awarded an honorable discharge and pension; and proved that women could be of some use in the war.

Piri Thomas

Author of "Amigo Brothers"

Frank Stockton

Author of "The Lady or the Tiger"

Jacob Abbott

Best known for his "Rollo Books" (Rollo at Work, Rollo at Play, Rollo in Europe, etc.) which tell of a young boy traveling the world with his uncle George; also wrote "Lucy Books", "Juno Books", and "Harper Stories."

Doreen Rappaport

Beyond Courage: The Untold Story of Jewish Resistance During the Holocaust -chronicles the courage of countless Jews who organized to sabotage the Nazis and help other Jews during the Holocaust.

Susan Kuklin

Beyond Magenta: Transgender Teens Speak Out -takes an honest look at the life, love, and struggles of transgender teens

Jacqueline Woodson

Brown Girl Dreaming- National Book Award, Newbery Honor, Sibert Honor, Coretta Scott King Award After Tupac and D Foster- Newbery Honor Feathers- Newbery Honor Show Way- Newbery Honor; It recounts the stories of seven generations of African-Americans and is based on the author's own family history. Miracle's Boys Locomotion Peace, Locomotion Another Brooklyn- National Book Award Finalist

Phillip Hoose

Claudette Colvin, Twice Toward Justice- won National Book Award, Newbery Medal, YALSA, and Sibert Award We Were There Too!: Young People in U.S. History- Finalist for National Book Award Moonbird: A Year on the Wind with the Great Survivor B95- Sibert Honor Book and YALSA finalist; tracks the obstacles rufa red knots face as they migrate from Tierra del Fuego to the Canadian Arctic The Boys Who Challenged Hitler- Sibert Honor and YALSA nominee; Sibert Honor book The Race to Save the Lord God Bird Attucks!: Oscar Robertson and the Basketball Team That Awakened a City

Consonance

Consonance is a literary device in which a consonant sound is repeated in words that are in close proximity. The repeated sound can appear anywhere in the words. Her fooT lefT a prinT on the carpeT.

Bryan Collier

Coretta Scott King Awards as Illustrator: Uptown (also the author) Rosa by Nikki Giovanni Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave by Laban Carrick Hill I, Too, Am America by Langston Hughes Knock Knock: My Dad's Dream for Me, written by Daniel Beaty Trombone Shorty, written by Troy Andrews and Bill Taylor Caldecott Medals: Martin's Big Words Rosa Dave the Potter Trombone Shorty

Tanya Lee Stone

Courage Has No Color - The True Story of the Triple Nickles: America's First Black Paratroopers- NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work - Youth / Teens Girl Rising: Changing the World One Girl at a Time Almost Astronauts: 13 Women Who Dared to Dream The House That Jane Built: A Story About Jane Addams The Good, the Bad, and the Barbie- Golden Kite Award for Non-Fiction

Lynne Rae Perkins

Criss Cross- Newbery Medal The book is a loose, updated take on Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. About a group of friends who are around 14 years old that get together every week to listen to the radio show "Criss Cross". Main character- Debbie; neighborhood friends- Hector, Lenny and Phil.

Cynthia Voigt

Dicey's Song- part of the Tillerman Cycle; won the Newbery Medal; about Dicey Tillerman, whose mother abandoned her and her 3 siblings. A Solitary Blue- Newbery Honor

Allen Say

Drawing from Memory - 2012 Robert F. Sibert Informational Book Honor Book graphic novel chronicling his journey as an artist during WWII when he apprenticed under Noro Shinpei, Japan's premier cartoonist.

"Murders in Rue Morgue"

Edgar Allan Poe's 1st detective story; Introduction of the famous detective C. Auguste Dupin; animal kills a person

Resolution

End of the story where loose ends are tied up

Eliot Schrefer

Endangered- National Book Award finalist The tale of a girl who must save a group of bonobos -- and herself -- from a violent coup. Threatened- National Book Award finalist About Luc and Prof, who study chimpanzees.

taboo

Excluded or forbidden from use or mention

Tom McNeil

Far Far Away- National Book Award Finalist; Jeremy Johnson hears voices. Or, specifically, one voice: the ghost of Jacob Grimm, one half of The Brothers Grimm. Jacob watches over Jeremy, protecting him from an unknown dark evil whispered about in the space between this world and the next. But Jacob can't protect Jeremy from everything. When coltish, copper-haired Ginger Boultinghouse takes a bite of a cake so delicious it's rumored to be bewitched, she falls in love with the first person she sees: Jeremy. In any other place, this would be a turn for the better for Jeremy, but not in Never Better, where the Finder of Occasions--whose identity and evil intentions nobody knows--is watching and waiting, waiting and watching.

Charles de Gaulle

French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970) Gave the "Appeal of 18 June" speech where he encouraged French listeners to BBC Radio to resist German occupation

Robert Penn Warren

From Kentucky!! Was named the first Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry. He is the only person to have won Pulitzer Prizes for both fiction and poetry. Poem: "Tell Me a Story", "Kentucky Mountain Farm" Novel: All the King's Men-portrays the dramatic and theatrical political rise and governorship of Willie Stark, a cynical, socially liberal socialist in the American South during the 1930s. The novel is narrated by Jack Burden, a political reporter who comes to work as Governor Stark's right-hand man.

Kissing of the Blarney Stone

Gives the kisser the gift of the gab (great eloquence or skill at flattery)

Langston Hughes

Harlem Renaissance poet/author "Dreams" - "Hold fast to dreams for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly." "Harlem"- "dream deferred"; "like a raisin in the sun" "Negro Speaks of Rivers" "Let America Be America Again" "Thank You, Ma' am"- Roger tries to steal Mrs. Luella Bates Washington Jones's purse to buy blue suede shoes. She ends up giving him the money for the shoes.

Louise Fitzhugh

Harriet the Spy

bon voyage

Have a good journey!

Veni, vidi, vici

I came, I saw, I conquered

Lincoln's "House Divided" speech

In his acceptance speech for nomination to the Senate in June, 1858, Lincoln paraphrased from the Bible Mark 3:25: "A house divided against it cannot stand." He continued, "I do not believe this government can continue half slave and half free, I do not expect the Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house to fall - but I do believe it will cease to be divided."

{ } Braces

In poetry and music, braces are used to mark repeats or joined lines. In math, braces can be used to indicate that the objects written between them belong to a set.

John F. Kennedy

Inaugural speech, 1961 "My fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country."

Ellipses

Indicated by a series of three periods; shows that words have been omitted

Katherine Patterson

Jacob Have I Loved- Newbery Medal; Louise attempts to make a life outside of her popular twin Caroline's shadow. Title comes from Romans 9:13 The Great Gilly Hopkins- National Book Award, Newbery Honor Award; Gilly has been stuck in more foster families than she can remember, and she's hated them all. She has a reputation for being unmanageable. When she's sent to live with the Trotters—by far the strangest family yet—she knows it's only a temporary problem. She devised a plan to get her real mother to come rescue her, but the plan doesn't quite work out as she had planned. Bridge to Terabithia- Newbery Medal; about two lonely children who create a magical forest kingdom in their imaginations.

Manga

Japanese graphic novel or comic that includes highly stylized art

anime

Japanese style of animation; usually associated with TV shows or movies

Martin W. Sandler

Lincoln Through the Lens: How Photography Revealed and Shaped an Extraordinary Life Race through the Skies: The Week the World Learned to Fly Imprisoned: The Betrayal of Japanese Americans During World War II- about Japanese American internment 1919 The Year That Changed America- National Book Award The Dust Bowl Through the Lens: How Photography Revealed and Helped Remedy a National Disaster Kennedy Through the Lens How the Beatles Changed the World

Russell Freedman

Lincoln: A Photobiography- Newbery Medal in 1988 The Wright Brothers: How They Invented the Airplane- Newbery Honor 1992 Eleanor Roosevelt: A Life of Discovery - Newbery Honor 1994 and Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal

Robert Burleigh

Look Up! Henrietta Leavitt, Pioneering Woman Astronomer - a picture book biography of Henrietta Levitt, the first person to discover the scientific importance of a star's brightness

Herman Melville

Moby Dick Ishmael - The narrator; Captain Ahab- captain of the Pequod. Ahab lost his leg to Moby Dick; Starbuck - The first mate of the Pequod; Queequeg - Starbuck's harpooner who was once the prince of a South Sea island; Ishmael's best friend; Stubb - The second mate of the Pequod; Tashtego - Stubb's harpooner; Pip- young, black cabin boy Billy Bud, Sailor "Bartleby, the Scrivener "Benito Cereno"

"The Dog and the Wolf"

Moral: It is better to be starving and free than to be a fat slave.

"The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse"

Moral: It is better to live in self-sufficient poverty than to be worried by wealth. Better beans and bacon in peace than cakes and ale in fear.

"Belling the Cat"

Moral: It is one thing to say that something should be done, but quite a different matter to do it

"The Lion and the Mouse"

Moral: Little friends may prove great friends

Louise Erdrich

Native American writer; won National Book Award The Round House The Plague of Doves Chickadee- tells the story of an 8 year old Ojibwe boy and his twin brother Makoons. When he is kidnapped, he escapes and reunites with a traveling uncle before returning to his family.

Vaunda Micheaux Nelson

No Crystal Stair: A Documentary Novel of the Life and Work of Lewis Michaux, Harlem Bookseller- Coretta Scott King Honor Book; Lewis Michaux was born to do things his own way. When a white banker told him to sell fried chicken, not books, because "Negroes don't read," Lewis took five books and one hundred dollars and built a bookstore. It soon became the intellectual center of Harlem, a refuge for everyone from Muhammad Ali to Malcolm X. Bad News for Outlaws: Remarkable Life of Bass Reeves- Coretta Scott King Award -It chronicles the life of Bass Reeves, a 19th-century black deputy marshal for the United States government who worked in the Arkansas and Oklahoma Territories.

Loki

Norse god of mischief

Lois Lowry

Number the Stars- Newbery Medal A Danish girl's family hides her Jewish friend from the Nazis. The Giver- Newbery Medal Jonas is chosen as the new Receiver of Memory. In his training, he learns things about his community that make him want to change things. With the help of the Giver, Jonas flees with Gabriel in search of Elsewhere.

Rita Williams-Garcia

One Crazy Summer- Coretta Scott King Author Award, National Book Award Finalist, Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction Tells the story of three sisters who travel to Oakland, California, in 1968 to meet the mother who abandoned them. Delphine is like a mother to her two younger sisters, Vonetta and Fern. P.S. Be Eleven- Coretta Scott King Author Award, ALA Notable Children's Book After spending the summer in Oakland, California, with their mother and the Black Panthers, Delphine, Vonetta, and Fern arrive home with a newfound streak of independence. Gone Crazy in Alabama- Coretta Scott King Author Award, ALA Notable Children's Book Delphine, Vonetta, and Fern are off to Alabama to visit their grandmother Big Ma and her mother, Ma Charles.

Cordwood Pete

Paul Bunyan's younger brother who was really short because he never got pancakes as a kid because Paul ate them all. Helped clear land for the railroad.

A Time of Troubles

Peiter Van Raven; After serving time for arson, Mr. Purdy convinces his son Roy that they should leave their Chesapeake Bay community and begin a new life in L.A., where work is more plentiful. The two travel west by bus; once their money runs out, they are forced to rely on the generosity of strangers for shelter, food and transportation. When Mr. Purdy takes a job that involves the exploitation of pickers, Roy breaks ties with his father and helps the underpaid workers fight for their rights.

Jennifer Holm

Penny from Heaven- Newbery Honor; the story of an eleven-year-old-girl named Barbara "Penny" Falucci. She believes that people call her Penny because her father, Alfred Falucci, loved the Bing Crosby song "Pennies from Heaven." Our Only May Amelia- Newbery Honor; the story of a 12-year-old girl living in the late 19th century, inspired by a diary written by her great aunt Turtle in Paradise- Newbery Honor; Turtle is an eleven-year-old girl living with her mother and cat, Smokey, who is sent to live with her aunt and cousins in Key West, Florida because her mother's new employer refuses to let Turtle and her cat stay in her house. Set in Depression.

William Carlos Williams

Poems: "This is Just to Say"- the speaker confesses in a note to eating the plums that were in the icebox "The Red Wheelbarrow"- "So much depends on a red wheelbarrow glazed with rain water beside the white chickens" Short Story: "The Use of Force"- The story is narrated in first person by a doctor, who is answering a house visit to see a sick girl. Fearing that she may have diphtheria, the doctor decides to check her throat.

Maya Van Wagenen

Popular: A Memoir- YALSA winner -tells the story of her 8th grade year in which she followed a 1950s popularity guide

Paige Rawl

Positive: A Memoir HIV+ since birth; She told a friend in middle school about it and started being bullied.

John Greenleaf Whittier

Quaker poet; poet laureate of the antislavery crusade; "Snowbound" "Barbara Frietchie"- Was a Unionist in the Civil War; contains the famous lines "Shoot, if you must, this old gray head, But spare your country's flag," she said.

Emily Dickinson

Reclusive New England poet who wrote about love, death, and immortality "I heard a fly buzz when I died" "Because I Could Not Stop for Death"

Brian Jacques

Redwall series- 22 books in the series; most take place in or around Redwall Abbey, tranquil home to a community of peace-loving mice. It is threatened by Cluny the Scourge savage bilge rat warlord and his battle-hardened horde. But the Redwall mice and their loyal woodland friends combine their courage and strength. Titles include: Redwall, Salamandastron, Mattimeo, The Legend of Luke, etc.

reflexive pronoun

Reflexive pronouns are words ending in -self or -selves that are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same; can act as either direct objects or indirect objects. myself, yourself, himself, herself, oneself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves.

Deborah Wiles

Revolution- National Book Award finalist; set in Mississippi during 1964's Freedom Summer Each Little Bird That Sings- National Book Award Finalist Countdown- set in 1962 at time of Cuban Missile Crisis Anthem- set in 1969; journey from Charleston to San Francisco

Mildred D. Taylor

Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry- Newbery Medal - Cassie Logan and her brothers learn the importance of owning land and rising above racial prejudice

Phyllis Reynolds Naylor

Shiloh- Newbery Medal; The novel is set in the small town of Friendly, West Virginia, where an eleven-year-old boy named Marty Preston finds a stray beagle named Shiloh wandering in the hills near his house.

William Blake

Songs of Innocence and Experience "The Tyger" "The Lamb"

William Shakespeare poems

Sonnet 18 "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou are more lovely and more temperate..." Sonnet 116 "Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove..."

Elizabeth Barrett Browning

Sonnets from the Portuguese- collection of 44 poems written for her husband Robert Browning #43 "How do I love thee? Let me count the ways..."

Betsy Byars

Summer of the Swans- Sara Godfrey lives with her aunt Willie and is jealous of her older sister, Wanda. Sara searches for her mentally handicapped younger brother, Charlie.

Laura Lee Hope

The Bobbsey Twins

Elizabeth Coatsworth

The Cat Who Went to Heaven- Newbery Medal

George Selden

The Cricket in Times Square- Newberry Honor

Marguerite de Angeli

The Door in the Wall- Newbery Medal winner Set in the fourteenth century, the classic story of one boy's personal heroism when he loses the use of his legs.

Katherine Applegate

The One and Only Ivan- Newbery Medal Crenshaw Home of the Brave Animorphs

L. Frank Baum

The Wizard of Oz: set in Kansas; -Dorothy, Toto, Tin Man, Cowardly Lion, the Wizard, Glinda- good witch from the South, Wicked Witch of the West, Winged Monkeys, Great Oz 14 book series including The Tik-Tok Man, Rinkitink, and Princess Ozma

Denotation

The dictionary definition of a word

superlative degree

The form of an adjective used when making comparisons, formed by adding -est to the adjective or by using the word "most."; ex) best or most beautiful

active voice

The subject of the sentence performs the action I washed the car.

Nancy Plain

This Strange Wilderness: The Life and Art of John James Audubon- YALSA Award With One Sky Above Us The Story of Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce Indians

Present Perfect Progressive Tense

This tense expresses the idea that something happened (or didn't happen) in the relatively recent past, but the action is not finished. It is used to express the duration of the action. Example: "We have been seeing a lot of rainy days." (have been seeing) "I have been reading some very good books." (have been reading)

Past Perfect Progressive Tense

This tense is used to show that the action had been going on for a period of time in the past when another action, also in the past, occurred. Example: "I had been sleeping for an hour when you phoned." (had been sleeping) "We had been eating our dinner when they came into the dining room." (had been eating)

Sheila Turnage

Three Times Lucky- Newbery Honor book; tells the story of Miss Moses LoBeau, rising sixth grader, and Mo's best friend Dale Earnhardt Johnson, III. It's set in Tupelo Landing, NC, population 148 minus 1 (murder) The Ghost of Tupelo Landing

Intransitive verbs

Verbs that do not take a direct object

Al Gore

Vice- President under Bill Clinton; Environmental activist; climate change

Miracles on Maple Hill

Virginia Sorensen; won Newbery Medal When Marly's father comes back from the war a different man, the family moves to Grandma's old house on Maple Hill, where miracles begin to happen.

dagger, obelisk, or obelus

a symbol that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used.

Carole Boston Weatherford

Voice of Freedom: Fannie Lou Hamer: The Spirit of the Civil Rights Movement- Caldecott Honor Book; Sibert Honor Book Moses- Caldecott Honor Book Becoming Billie Holiday- Coretta Scott King Honor Freedom in Congo Square- Caldecott Medal You Can Fly: The Tuskegee Airmen

Sharon Creech

Walk Two Moons- Newbery Medal Chasing Redbird Bloomability The Wanderer Love That Dog Hate That Cat Ruby Holler Heartbeat

Khadir Nelson

We Are the Ship: The Story of Negro Leagues Baseball- won Sibert Medal and a Coretta Scott King Author Award and Illustrator Honor Nelson Mandela- Coretta Scott King Honor book I Have a Dream- Coretta Scott King Illustrator Honor Book The Undefeated- 2020 Newbery Honor book, Caldecott Medal, and Coretta Scott King Award for illustrations

de nada

You're welcome. / It's nothing.

Brandon Hobson

Where the Dead Sit Talking- National Book Award Finalist Set in rural Oklahoma during the late 1980s. With his single mother in jail, Sequoyah, a fifteen-year-old Cherokee boy, is placed in foster care with the Troutt family. Literally and figuratively scarred by his mother's years of substance abuse, Sequoyah keeps mostly to himself until he meets Rosemary, a troubled artist who also lives with the family. Sequoyah and Rosemary bond over their shared Native American background and paths through the foster care system, but as Sequoyah's feelings toward Rosemary deepen, the scars of their pasts threaten to undo them both.

Grace Lin

Where the Mountain Meets the Moon- Newbery Honor Ling and Ting- won the Theodore Geisel Honor When the Sea Turned to Silver- National Book Award finalist A Big Mooncake for Little Star- Caldecott Honor

Carolyn Maull McKinstry

While the World Watched: A Birmingham Bombing Survivor Comes of Age During the Civil Rights Movement

Alan Armstrong

Whittington- Newbery Honor Plot: Ben and Abby's grandfather adopts a stray cat who lives in a barn with other rescued animals.

Elizabeth Foreman Lewis

Young Fu of the Upper Yangtze- Newbery Medal; story revolves around Fu Yuin-fah, the son of a widow from the countryside of western China, who wishes to become a coppersmith in the big city on the Yangtze River, Chungking (now spelled Chongqing). With the help of many people, including an old scholar and a white missionary, his goal is eventually attained.

Lillian Hellman

a New Orleans native who wrote several plays featuring strong roles for women; The Children's Hour- set in an all-girls boarding school The Little Foxes

ramen

a bowl of clear soup containing noodles, vegetables, and often bits of meat.

klutz

a clumsy, awkward person; butterfingers

"War Party"

a collection of short, western tales written between the years 1948 and 1960 by the most famous western author of all time: Louis L'Amour.

debacle

a complete failure; a total collapse

fiasco

a complete failure; disaster

Daniel Boone

a famous early pioneer who helped clear the Wilderness Road

dossier

a file of detailed information on a person or subject

au pair

a person from a foreign country who lives with a family and provides child care in exchange for room, board, and transportation

El Dorado

a place of reputed wealth; from the legendary city in South America, sought by early Spanish explorers

farce

a play filled with ridiculous or absurd happenings; broad or far-fetched humor; a ridiculous sham ex) Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew

A Man for All Seasons

a play written by Robert Bolt; based on the life of Sir Thomas More

Sonnet

a poem consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme; typically arranged in 3 quatrains and a rhyming couplet

elegy

a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.

Elegy

a poem of serious reflection, used for the dead

Laissez-faire

a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering.

apartheid

a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

indefinite pronoun

a pronoun that does not refer to a specific, person, place, thing, or idea; examples: everyone, everything, everybody, anybody, many, most, few, each, some, someone, all, nothing, nobody, and no one

Shangri-la

a remote paradise; an area whose name and location are kept secret

haven

a safe place; a refuge

anti-

against, opposite

Atlantis

according to legend, an island in the Atlantic Ocean that Plato said was swallowed by an earthquake

trans-

across, through, beyond

Lyndon Johnson's 1965 Address to Congress

addressed Congress and adopted "We Shall Overcome," the civil rights protestors' slogan, to encourage the passage of a fair voting rights bill

post partum

after birth

ex post facto

after the fact

hors d'oeuvre

appetizer

circum-

around

Interrogative sentence

asks a question

The Green Glass Sea

by Ellen Klages; Scott O'Dell Award winner Dewey Kerrigan lives in Los Alamos, where Manhattan Project scientists including Dewey's dad work on "the gadget"

re

back, again

mal-

bad, evil

mis-

bad, wrong, to hate

ennui

boredom

struct

build, put together, arrange

Secret of the Andes

by Ann Nolan Clark; Newbery Medal winner; The story of an Incan boy, Cusi, who lives in a hidden valley high in the mountains of Peru with old Chuto the llama herder. Unknown to Cusi, he is of royal blood and is the 'chosen one.'

Pippi Longstocking

by Astrid Lindgren; Pippi is red-haired, freckled, unconventional and superhumanly strong from Sweden. She is playful and unpredictable. Pippi does not want to grow up. She is the daughter of a buccaneer captain and has adventure stories to tell about that, too. Her four best friends are her horse and monkey, and the neighbours' children, Tommy and Annika.

Boxers and Saints

by Gene Luen Yang; National Book Award Finalist; 2 part graphic novel set during the 1898 Chinese Rebellion; Boxers follows the story of Little Bao, a boy from Shan-tung who becomes a leader of the Boxer Rebellion. Saints follows the story of "Four-Girl", a girl from the same village who becomes a Catholic, adopts the name "Vibiana", and hopes to attain the glory of Joan of Arc. One book cover shows the left half of Bao's face with Qin Shi Huangdi and the other shows the right half of Vibiana's face with Joan of Arc. Together the covers portray a divided China.

A Gathering of Days; A New England Girl's Journal, 1830-32

by Joan Blos -won the National Book Award and the Newbery Medal -journal of Catherine, a 13 year old girl in nineteenth-century New Hampshire. She writes about pioneer life and its many triumphs. She struggles with her mother's death and her father's eventual remarriage.

Turning 15 on the Road to Freedom: My Story of the 1965 Selma Voting Rights March

by Lynda Blackmon Lowery; Sibert Medal Honor book -Memoir from the youngest person to walk all the way from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, on the Voting Rights March in 1965. Jailed nine times before her 15th birthday, Lynda, and her friends and neighbors, fought alongside Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. to secure the right to vote for African Americans.

Heart of a Samurai

by Margi Preus; Newberry Honor book -based on the real story of a Japanese boy, Manjiro Nakahama, who is believed to have been one of the first Japanese people to land in America.

A Time of Troubles

by Pieter Van Raven Having crossed the country with his father during the Depression to find work in California, fourteen-year-old Roy encounters cruel exploitation by the Growers' Association of the desperate, impoverished people pouring into the state.

Inside Out and Back Again

by Thanhha Lai; National Book Award winner and Newbery Honor -semi-autobiographical story takes place in 1975. The narrator and protagonist, Ha, is a ten-year-old girl who lives in Saigon. The story tracks her family's immigration to the United States. Ha has her mother, as well as three older brothers, Vu, Khoi, and Quang. Ha's father is not around because he was captured by Communists, while on a naval mission, nine years before the story takes place.

Prepositional phrases

can act as an adjective, adverb, or noun. ex) Look at the boat with the blue sail.- adjective ex) We sailed around the lake. - adverb ex) The fight scene is before the second act.- noun When used as a noun, it is actually called a nominal. Nominals are words that function as nouns, but aren't themselves nouns

Objective case pronouns

can be direct objects, indirect objective, objects of the preposition me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Grim Reaper

carries a scythe

The Princess and the Goblin

children's fantasy novel; features a ball of nearly invisible thread Author: George MacDonald

cycl-

circle, wheel

Harlequin

clown; French term

villa

country house

Tony Beaver

cousin of Paul Bunyan and champion griddle skater of the southern United States

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

created the characters Detective Sherlock Holmes and his sidekick, Dr. Watson. "The Red-Headed League"

mort-

death

tele-

distance

geo-

earth

Pecos Bill

folklore hero who is associated with Texas

John Henry

folklore hero who is most associated with the Industrial Revolution; railroad

pod-, ped-

foot

ad hoc

for a specific purpose or situation

pro bono

for the public good; for free

quad-

four

gratis

free; without charge

George Ella Lyon

from Harlan County, Kentucky; served as KY's poet laureate "Where I'm From"

bona fide

genuine; sincere, in good faith

theo-

god, religion

bon appetit

good appetite; enjoy your meal

bene-

good, well

hemi-, semi-

half

Transitive verbs

have a direct object

tete a tete

head-to-head, and thus a private conversation between two people; an intimate talk

therm-

heat

Limmerick

humorous verse of 5 lines with a rhyming pattern of AABBA

min-

less, smaller

berserk

mad with violent anger; frenzied; madly excited; derived from a word for Norse warriors who fought with fury

-mania

madness

[ ] square brackets

mainly used to enclose words added by someone other than the original writer or speaker, typically in order to clarify the situation: He [the police officer] can't prove they did it.

declarative

makes a statement

in absentia

not present

dramatic irony

when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't

passive voice

when the recipient of the verb's action becomes the subject of a sentence. The car was washed by me.

cum laude/ magna cum laude/ summa cum laude

with honors/with great honors/with greatest or highest honors

con-, co-, col-, com-

with, together, joined

a cappella

without musical instruments as accompaniment

Eleanor H. Porter

wrote Pollyanna; Title character was known for her cheerful, positive outlook on life

Thomas More

wrote Utopia

verbatim

word for word

The Eagle and the Sword

written by A. A. Attanasio; sequel to The Dragon and the Unicorn

Phillis Wheatley

wrote elegies and poems for famous colonial people including Rev. George Whitefield and George Washington "To His Excellency General Washington" the first African-American woman to publish a book of poetry. Born in West Africa, she was sold into slavery at the age of seven or eight and transported to North America. She was purchased by the Wheatley family of Boston, who taught her to read and write and encouraged her poetry when they saw her talent.

Edna St. Vincent Millay

wrote poems celebrating youth and a life of independence and freedom from traditional constraints

Leo Tolstoy

"The Two Brothers"- explores how siblings take different paths to arrive at their own versions of happiness War and Peace Anna Karenina The Death of Ivan Ilyich

Toni Cade Bambara

"The War of the Wall"- One day a painter comes to that place; she starts painting something on the wall but boys think it belongs to them. They want this woman to leave their neighborhood and ask her not to mess with the wall that "belongs to the kids of Taliaferro Street" "Raymond's Run"- narrated by Hazel Parker, known as Squeaky. The central idea in the story is about how she has to take care of her older brother Raymond because he is disabled.

Blitzkrieg

"lightning war"—a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces.

Scary Stories for Young Foxes

2020 Newbery Honor Book; by Christian McKay Heidicker When Mia and Uly are separated from their litters, they discover a dangerous world full of monsters. In order to find a den to call home, they must venture through field and forest, facing unspeakable things that dwell in the darkness: a zombie who hungers for their flesh, a witch who tries to steal their skins, a ghost who hunts them through the snow . . . and other things too scary to mention.

Genesis Begins Again

2020 Newbery Honor book; by Alicia D. Williams tells the story of 13-year-old Genesis, struggling with colorism and self-loathing. Her dark skin is just one of the 96 things she does not like about herself.

New Kid

2020 Newbery Medal winner; first time a graphic novel has ever won the Newbery Award by Jerry Craft Story Overview: Jordan Banks can't help seeing privilege when he transfers to Riverdale Academy Day School for seventh grade. As one of the few African American students in the school, he regularly deals with racism and microaggressions.

Dig

2020 Printz Award winner by A.S. King Five estranged cousins are lost in a maze of their family's tangled secrets. Their grandparents, former potato farmers Gottfried and Marla Hemmings, managed to trade digging potatoes for developing subdivisions and now they sit atop a million-dollar bank account—wealth they've refused to pass on to their adult children or their five teenage grandchildren. As the rot beneath the surface of the Hemmings' white suburban respectability destroys the family from within, the cousins find their ways back to one another, just in time to uncover the terrible cost of maintaining the family name.

Jimmy Carter

39th U.S. President. "Crisis of Confidence" speech "All the legislation in the world can't fix what's wrong with America....The threat is nearly invisible in ordinary ways. It is a crisis of confidence. It is a crisis that strikes at the very heart and soul and spirit of our national will."

Lorraine Hansberry

A Raisin in the Sun- play about the Younger family; The story tells of a black family's experiences in south Chicago, as they attempt to improve their financial circumstances with an insurance payout following the death of the father. Title of the play comes from Langston Hughes' poem "Harlem" where he talks about dreams deferred that dry up like a raisin in the sun. To Be Young, Gifted, and Black- Hansberry's autobiography

Margaret Corbin

A Revolutionary War hero who took over her husband's cannon after he was killed in battle

verbal irony

A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant; sarcasm

Oxymoron

A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.

oxymoron

A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. ex) deafening silence; jumbo shrimp

Haiku

A japanese form of poetry, consisting of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables

Ode

A lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject.

Complex sentence

A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause; Dependent clause typically starts with either a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun.

Calamity Jane

Actually named Martha Jane Burk; expert sharpshooter; dressed as a man; may have been a scout for Colonel George Custer; in a Wild West Show

"The Boy Who Cried Wolf"

Aesop's Fable in which a shepherd would trick his fellow villagers by shouting for help, pretending a wolf was attacking. When wolves actually came, nobody listened, and he was eaten.

Walter Dean Myers

African American author of young adult literature. He has written over fifty books, including novels and nonfiction works. He has won the Coretta Scott King Award for African American authors five times. He wrote The Glory Field and Monster as well as "The Treasure of Lemon Brown."

The Mousetrap

Agatha Christie mystery; the murderer- Sergeant Trotter

Jason Reynolds

All- American Boys- Coretta Scott King Honor, Walter Dean Myers Award Winner Ghost- a National Book Award Finalist; (1st in the Track series) When I Was The Greatest- Coretta Scott King Award Miles Morales: Spiderman- Marvel graphic novel Long Way Down- Newbery Honor book, Printz Honor Book, Walter Dean Myers Award, and a Coretta Scott King Honor As Brave As You- Coretta Scott King Honor; Genie discovers his grandfather's blindness while spending the summer in Virginia with his older brother Ernie. The Boy in the Black Suit- Coretta Scott King Honor book

falling action

Also called "denouement" -the part of a literary plot that occurs after the climax has been reached and the conflict has been resolved

Arabian Nights or The Thousand and One Nights

Also known as The Thousand and One Nights; Aladdin- He gets trapped in cave where he finds a magic lamp. Scheherazade-legendary Persian queen and the storyteller and narrator of The Nights. She marries King Shahryar, who has vowed that he will execute a new bride every day. For 1001 nights, Scheherazade tells her husband a story every night, stopping at dawn with a cliffhanger, forcing the King to keep her alive for another day. AliBaba- a poor woodcutter who discovers 40 thieves' treasure by entering a cave with the phrase "Open Sesame". The thieves learn this and try to kill Ali Baba, but Ali Baba's faithful slave-girl foils their plots. Ali Baba gives his son to her in marriage and keeps the secret of the treasure. Sinbad- makes and loses fortunes by embarking on seven sea voyages

Tennessee Williams

American Playwright; The Glass Menagerie- main characters are siblings- Tom and Laura Wingfield; When Laura and Jim dance, her prized animal in her glass menagerie, a unicorn, gets broken A Streetcar Named Desire Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

Marta Salinas

Author of "The Scholarship Jacket"

The Bluebird Effect

Author:Julie Zickefoose- non-fiction nature book

David Macaulay

Black & White- 1991 Caldecott Medal

The Little Prince

By: Antoine de Saint-Exupery; it tells the story of a little boy who leaves the safety of his own tiny planet to travel the universe.

E. B. White

Charlotte's Web- Newbery Medal Stuart Little The Trumpet of the Swan- It tells the story of Louis, a trumpeter swan born without a voice who overcomes this difficulty by learning to play a trumpet in order to impress a beautiful swan named Serena. Sam Beaver is the boy who helps Louis and becomes his lifelong friend.

Daniel Keyes

Flowers for Algernon- tells the story of Charlie Gordon, a mentally challenged man who participates in an experimental brain surgery to make him smarter. Throughout the story, he is in competition with a lab rat named Algernon.

kamikaze

Japanese suicide pilots

Sy Montgomery

Kakapo Rescue: Saving the World's Strangest Parrot- Sibert Medal The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness- National Book Award finalist Quest for the Tree Kangaroo: An Expedition to the Cloud Forest of New Guinea- Sibert Honor book

Excalibur

King Arthur's sword

John Steinbeck

Of Mice and Men- novella that tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States. The Grapes of Wrath- won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962. It showed the harshness of the Great Depression and aroused sympathy for the struggles of migrant farmworkers. The Pearl Cannery Row Tortilla Flat The Red Pony

Susan L. Roth

Parrots over Puerto Rico- Sibert Medal; profiles the recovery of endangered parrots on Puerto Rico

Doctor DeSoto

Picture book for children written and illustrated by William Steig. It features a mouse-dentist who must help a fox with a toothache without being eaten. Newbery Honor Book; 1983 National Book Award for Children's Books in category Picture Books

Semicolon rules

Placed between two related independent clauses Precede conjuctive adverbs: However, therefore When a sentence contains a series of elements that contain one or more commas, the division between the elements should be a semicolon

Mucho gusto.

Pleased to meet you.

blank verse

Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter

Victoria Jamieson

Roller Girl- Newbery Honor book; graphic novel; Astrid falls in love with roller derby and signs up for derby camp, but her bff, Nicole, decides to go to dance camp instead. And so begins the most difficult summer of Astrid's life as she struggles to keep up with the older girls at camp, hang on to the friend she feels slipping away, and cautiously embark on a new friendship.

Hamlet

Shakespeare tragedy; Main Characters: Hamlet - son of the dead king and nephew of the present king, Claudius Gertrude - queen of Denmark and Hamlet's mother Ophelia - Polonius's daughter Most Famous Quotes: "To be or not to be? That is the question." "Neither a borrower nor a lender be" "To thine own self be true."

William Tell

Shoots an apple off his son's head.

Ballet for Martha: Making Appalachian Spring

Sibert Honor book by Jan Greenberg and Sandra Jordan

Laurie Halse Anderson

Speak- National Book Award finalist; Michael Printz finalist Fever 1793 Chains- National Book Award finalist; Scott O'Dell Award

Jacqueline Kelly

The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate- Newbery Honor book -It tells the story of a young girl growing up in Texas in 1899, learning what it means to be a woman in turn-of-the-century America, and learning about science and the natural world from her grandfather.

Jim Murphy

The Great Fire- Newbery Honor Blizzard! The Storm That Changed America- Sibert Honor An American Plague: The True and Terrifying Story of the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793- National Book Award, Sibert Award, Newbery Honor Book

Franklin W. Dixon

The Hardy Boys Mystery Book Series

Sandra Cisneros

The House on Mango Street "Eleven"- When you wake up on your eleventh birthday, you expect to feel eleven, but you don't. If she were older, Rachel believes, she would have been better able to avoid the event that single-handedly ruined her eleventh birthday: her teacher wrongfully accusing her of owning an ugly red sweater.

Varian Johnson

The Parker Inheritance- Coretta Scott King Honor Book Candice teams up with her new friend Brandon to uncover the truth behind a mysterious letter that reveals the hidden history of Lambert, South Carolina. The Great Greene Heist- was named to over twenty-five state reading and best-of lists

Jennifer (Jen) Bryant

The Right Word: Roget and His Thesaurus- Sibert Medal, Caldecott Honor book -biography of Peter Roget, the creator of the thesaurus

Hendrik Willem van Loon

The Story of Mankind; 1st Newbery Medal winner

E. Nesbit (Edith)

The Story of the Treasure Seekers (1899) The Wouldbegoods The Railway Children Five Children and It

Kwame Alexander

The Undefeated- 2020 Newbery Honor book; explores the contributions of African Americans The Crossover- Newbery Medal; Coretta Scott King Author Award; story follows Josh Bell who uses poetry to narrate his middle school basketball career and his relationship with his twin brother. Booked Rebound Solo Swing

Kathi Appelt

The Underneath- Newbery Honor, National Book Award finalist- story of an abandoned cat who goes to live with a maltreated hound dog underneath a crooked old house in a bayou on the border between Louisiana and Texas. The True Blue Scouts of Sugar Man Swamp- National Book Award finalist Maybe a Fox (with Alison McGhee) Keeper

Couplet

Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme

comma splice

Two sentences joined incorrectly by a comma instead of a conjunction, period, or semicolon

synechdoche

Uses a part to explain a whole or a whole to explain a part. ex. Lend me a hand.

Rebecca Stead

When You Reach Me- Newbery Medal about time travel, aspirations, and friendship. The story opens with the protagonist, Miranda, who begins to receive notes from an unknown sender. She finds the notes mysteriously hidden among her belongings.

A. A. Milne

Winnie-the-Pooh The House at Pooh Corner When We Were Very Young Now We Are Six adapted Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale "The Ugly Duckling" into a play

Lauren Wolk

Wolf Hollow- Newbery Honor; Annabelle McBride recounts the events of her twelfth year in which she contends with Betty, a bully, and defends Toby, a haunted World War I veteran, from Betty's lies which cause the community to shun him. Beyond the Bright Sea- Scott O'Dell Award; In 1913, a baby is born. A few hours later, the infant, Crow, is placed in a boat and set to sea. She is rescued by a fisherman named Osh, who lives alone on a small, nameless island, one of the Elizabeth Islands off the coast of Massachusetts.

David Levithan

Won the Margaret A. Edwards Award; several of his books have gay male characters The Realm of Possibility Boy Meets Boy Two Boys Kissing Love Is the Higher Law How They Met and Other Stories Wide Awake Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist.

Terry Pratchett

Work: Death and What Comes Next English author of fantasy novels, especially comical works. Best known for his Discworld series of 41 novels.

Dialect

a form of language spoken by people in a particular region or group

Absolute phrase

a group of words that modifies an independent clause as a whole.

samovar

a highly decorated tea urn used in Russia

chignon

a large, smooth twist, roll, or knot of hair, worn by women at the nape of the neck or the back of the head

dash

a little horizontal line that floats in the middle of a line of text. It's longer than a hyphen and is commonly used to indicate a range or a pause. Dashes are used to separate groups of words. There are three forms of dashes: em, en, and the double hyphen. Em dashes- can replace parentheses at the end of a sentence or when multiple commas appear in a parenthetical phrase. ex) After a split second of hesitation, the second baseman leaped for the ball—or, rather, limped for it. When you want to generate strong emotion in your writing or create a more casual tone, use em dashes. En dashes- slightly shorter in length than em dashes. The en dash is often used to indicate spans of time or ranges of numbers. In this context, the dash should be interpreted as meaning either "to" or "through. ex) The scheduled window for the cable installation is 1:00-3:00pm. The en dash may also be used to indicate a connection between two words. ex)The pro-choice-pro-life argument is always a heated one. Double hyphen-if a word is divided at the end of the line, and the division point happens to be a hyphen, it is replaced with a double hyphen to graphically indicate that the divided word is normally hyphenated, for example cross⸗country.

Genre

a major category or type of literature

totem

a natural object or animal believed by a particular society to have spiritual significance and adopted by it as an emblem.

anachronism

a thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists ex) In MacBeth, Shakespeare mentions dollars, even though the dollar wasn't the currency of the time and place in which the play is set.

tiki

a wood or stone image of a Polynesian supernatural power

memoir

an account based on the author's personal experiences

primary source

an account of an event created by someone who took part in or witnessed the event

doppelganger

an apparition or double of a living person

deus ex machina

an unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel.; literally translates as "god from the machine"

brouhaha

an uproar; hubbub

et cetera

and the rest, and so on

"Zebra"

by Chaim Potok; Adam "Zebra" Zebrin, injures his arm in a car accident, then slowly recovers during a summer art class taught by a Vietnam Vet, John Wilson, who lost his arm in combat.

in loco parentis

in place of a parent, indicating a person who may give consent for care of a child when the parents are not present or able to give consent

Frank X. Walker

is an African-American poet from Danville, Kentucky. Walker coined the word "Affrilachia", signifying the importance of the African-American presence in Appalachia "Canning Memories"

poly-

many

in extremis

near death

barrio

neighborhood

Jesse Jackson

ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1984 and 1988; speech at the 1988 Democratic National Convention referenced Civil Rights pioneers such as Rosa Parks, Fannie Sue Hamer, and Martin Luther King, Jr.

Assonance

repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds within words, phrases, or sentences. ex) G o and m o w the lawn. The engin ee r held the st ee ring to st ee r the vehicle.

jodhpurs

riding pants

volv, volut, volu

roll, turn around

kaput

ruined; done for; demolished

dict-

say, speak

quer, quir, ques, quis

search, seek, ask

vid-, vis-

see, visual

auto-

self, same

panache

self-confidence; a showy manner

miss-, mit-

send, let go

dim sum

small steamed dumplings filled with any of a variety meat or vegetable fillings and many other small servings of food ranging from appetizers to sweets

faux pas

social blunder

quid pro quo

something given in exchange or return for something else

aud-

sound, hearing

phon-, phono

sound, voice

Richard Nixon's 1952 Checkers speech

speech given in response to accusations of financial mishandling; Nixon stated that the only gift he had received was a black and white Cocker Spaniel named Checkers for his children

relative pronouns

that, which, who, whom, whose

origami

the Japanese art of paper folding

comparative degree

the form of an adjective used when making comparisons it is formed by adding -er or by using the word "more"; ex) better or more beautiful

Satire

the literary genre that mocks its subject in hopes of provoking change ex) Gulliver's Travels and A Modest Proposal

Climax/Turning Point

the most exciting moment in a story leading to the resolution

vice versa

the other way around

coup de grace

the shot or blow that brings death; the finishing stroke

Indicative Verb

used to simply state a fact or opinion

Conditional verb

used when a situation is dependent on a particular condition If I would stop eating ice cream at night, I would lose weight.

Subjunctive verb

used when we describe thoughts or wishes that might not come true I wish I were a supermodel.

Inherit the Wind

written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert Edwin Lee; play based on the Scopes evolution trial of 1925; Matthew Harrison Brady attempts to prosecute Bert Cates for teaching evolution in high school, but Henry Drummond successfully defends Cates.

The Surrender Tree: Poems of Cuba's Struggle for Freedom

written by Margarita Engle; Newbery Honor book

The Dark Game: True Spy Stories from Invisible Ink to CIA Moles

written by Paul Janeczko; non-fiction novel about espionage and intelligence in the history of The United States.

Black and White

written by Paul Volponi; Marcus and Eddie are best friends who found the strength to break through the racial barrier. Marcus is black; Eddie is white. Stars of their school basketball team, they are true leaders who look past the stereotypes and come out on top. They are inseparable, watching each other's backs, both on and off the basketball court. But one night—and one wrong decision—will change their lives forever.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

written by Harriet Beecher Stowe; depicts the harsh conditions for enslaved African Americans Main Characters: Uncle Tom - the protagonist; Even under the worst conditions, Uncle Tom always prays to God and finds a way to keep his faith. As the novel progresses, the cruel treatment that Tom suffers at the hands of Simon Legree threatens his belief in God, but Tom withstands his doubts and dies the death of a Christian martyr. Aunt Chloe - Uncle Tom's wife and the Shelbys' cook Arthur Shelby - The owner of Uncle Tom in Kentucky, Shelby sells Tom to the cruel Mr. Haley to pay off his debts Emily Shelby - Mr. Shelby's wife, Emily Shelby is a loving, Christian woman who does not believe in slavery. George Shelby - Called "Mas'r George" by Uncle Tom, George is the Shelbys' good-hearted son. He loves Tom and promises to rescue him from the cruelty into which his father sold him. After Tom dies, he resolves to free all the slaves on the family farm in Kentucky Augustine St. Claire- Little Eva's father; doesn't mistreat his slaves, but refuses to emancipate them George Harris- married to Eliza Eliza Harris - Mrs. Shelby's maid; After Mr. Shelby makes known his plans to sell Eliza's son to Mr. Haley, she proves the force of her motherly love as well as her strength of spirit by making a spectacular escape. Her crossing of the Ohio River on patches of ice is the novel's most famous scene. Mr. Haley - The slave trader who buys Uncle Tom and Harry from Mr. Shelby. Topsy - A wild and uncivilized slave girl whom Miss Ophelia tries to reform, Topsy gradually learns to love and respect others by following the example of Eva. Simon Legree: Tom's ruthlessly evil master on the Louisiana plantation. A vicious man, Legree fosters violence and hatred among his slaves. Cassy - Legree's (slave) mistress and Eliza's mother, Cassy proves a proud and intelligent woman and devises a clever way to escape Legree's plantation.

Lew Wallace

wrote Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ which was made into an Oscar-winning movie Messala, the son of a Roman tax collector, accuses is Jewish friend, Judah, of trying to kill a Roman official. Judah escapes slavery, wins a chariot race against Messala, and is reunited with his mother and sister.

T. S. Eliot

wrote Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats- including "Growltiger's Last Stand" which includes the lines "Woe to the pampered Pekinese that faced Growltiger's rage." poem: The Waste Land- "April is the cruelest month..." poem: "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" play: Murder in the Cathedral- fictionalizes the 1170 martyrdom of Sir Thomas a Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury

Mary Norton

wrote The Borrowers series

ann-, enn-

year, yearly

Hardest-working, most dedicated ELA kids EVER (in grade level order)

♡Taylor "My-name-is-not-a-country" Frantz ♡Kaylee "There-is-no-E-at-the-end" Tharp ♡Audrey "I-don't-want-to-be-your- neighbor" Naber

Lincoln's letter to Isham Reavis on November 5, 1855

"Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other one thing."

John Donne

"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" "Death, Be Not Proud" "The Flea"

Edgar Allan Poe poems

"Annabel Lee"-The narrator has a love for her so strong that even angels are envious and he continues his love for her even after her death. "The Raven"- follows an unnamed narrator on a dreary night in December who sits reading "forgotten lore" by a dying fire as a way to forget the death of his beloved Lenore. A "tapping at [his] chamber door" reveals nothing, but excites his soul to "burning". The tapping is repeated, slightly louder, and he realizes it is coming from his window. When he goes to investigate, a raven flutters into his chamber. Paying no attention to the man, the raven perches on a bust statue above the door. "A Dream Within a Dream"- The poem focuses on the passing of time as perceived through reflection at or near the end of one's life. In the fullness of time, the lives we live appear as dreams, fleeting and futile.

Oliver Wendell Holmes

"Old Ironsides"- written to save the U. S. Navy ship USS Constitution "The Chambered Nautilus"- about the broken shell of a nautilus, a mollusk whose spiral shell contains a series of air-filled chambers.

William Saroyan

"The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse"- Nine-year-old Aram learns that his older cousin Mourad has stolen a white horse from a nearby farmer. Aram tries to ride the horse, but it throws him off repeatedly. In the end, the boys return the horse to its rightful owner.

pseudonym

(n.) a pen name, name assumed by a writer

rendezvous

(v.) to meet in accordance with a plan; (n.) a meeting by agreement; a meeting place

Stratemeyer Syndicate

A publishing company that produced a number of mystery book series for children, including Nancy Drew, the Hardy Boys, the various Tom Swift series, the Bobbsey Twins, the Rover Boys, and others. Used pseudonymous authors from 1899 through 1987

rising action

A series of events that builds from the conflict. It begins with the inciting force and ends with the climax.

Parable

A simple story that illustrates a lesson or principle. It differs from a fable in that fables employ animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters, whereas parables have human characters. ex) The Parable of the Good Samaritan

bonanza

A source of great wealth; something that brings great riches

asterisk

A star-shaped figure used to indicate an omission or a footnote

Onomatopoeia

A word that imitates the sound it represents.

avant-garde

Ahead of the times, especially in the arts

Noelle Stevenson

American cartoonist and animation producer Nimona- sidekick of villainous Lord Ballister Blackheart Lumberjanes She-Ra and the Princesses of Power

Janice Joplin: Rise Up Singing

Author: Ann Angel

James L. Swanson

Chasing Lincoln's Killer The President Has Been Shot! The Assassination of John F. Kennedy- YALSA Finalist Bloody Times: The Funeral of Abraham Lincoln and the Manhunt for Jefferson Davis Chasing King's Killer: The Hunt for Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Assassin Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer- Edgar Award. End of Days: The Assassination of John F. Kennedy

Tim Grove

First Flight Around the World: The Adventures of the American Fliers Who Won the Race- YALSA Award In 1924 the U.S. Army sent eight young men on a bold attempt to be the first to circumnavigate the globe by flight. Men from five other countries--Great Britain, France, Portugal, Italy, and Argentina--had the same goal. The race was on First Flight Around the World documents the exciting journey of four American planes--the Chicago, Boston, New Orleans, and Seattle--and their crews on a race around the world.

E. L. Konigsburg

From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler- Newbery Medal; Claudia and Jamie Kincaid temporarily live in the Metropolitan Museum of Art after running away from home. The View from Saturday- Newbery Medal; t Teacher Eva Marie Olinski returns to teaching after an accident left her paraplegic. She chooses four of her sixth-grade students (Ethan, Noah, Nadia, and Julian), who form a group they call "The Souls," to represent her class in the Academic Bowl competition. They defeat the other sixth-grade teams, then the seventh- and eighth-grade champions at Epiphany, and so on until they become New York state middle school champions.

Duncan Tonatiuh

Funny Bones: Posada and His Day of the Dead Calaveras- Sibert Award; tells the story of the Mexican artist and cartoonist José Guadalupe Posada and his political activism through art.

Chip Kidd

GO! A Kidd's Guide to Graphic Design- YALSA -famous for his book cover designs; works as a graphic artist.

Paul Bunyan

Giant man and his giant blue ox, Babe; The tales include how Lake Michigan was made when he dug a water hole for Babe, how he could clear a section of land of its trees with one mighty swing of his ax, and how he and Babe cleared a log jam in the Wisconsin River. His favorite food: Pancakes!

The Phantom Tollbooth

Norton Juster; tells the story of a bored young boy named Milo who unexpectedly receives a magic tollbooth one afternoon and, having nothing better to do, drives through it in his toy car, transporting him to the Kingdom of Wisdom, once prosperous but now troubled. There, he acquires two faithful companions and goes on a quest to restore to the kingdom its exiled princesses—named Rhyme and Reason—from the Castle in the Air. In the process, he learns valuable lessons, finding a love of learning. The text is full of puns and wordplay, such as when Milo unintentionally jumps to Conclusions, an island in Wisdom, thus exploring the literal meanings of idioms.

Mary Poppins

P.L. Travers

J. M. Barrie

Peter Pan

Leatherstocking Tales (Publication order)

The Pioneers-The Sources of the Susquehanna; A Descriptive Tale The Last of the Mohicans-A Narrative of 1757 The Prairie-A Tale The Pathfinder- The Inland Sea The Deerslayer- The First War Path

Stephen Crane

The Red Badge of Courage: Set in the Civil War; about a young private of the Union Army, Henry Fleming, who flees from the field of battle after watching another soldier in his regiment, Jim Conklin, die from battle wounds. Overcome with shame, he wants to get hurt to have a "red badge of courage"; For the next battle, he serves as a flag bearer. "The Open Boat"- about 4 men stuck in a lifeboat after their ship sinks. The correspondent and the oiler share the work of rowing, while the cook huddles on the floor of the dinghy, bailing water. The captain who was injured during the shipwreck sits in the bow and gives directions. Spoiler alert: the oiler dies, but the other 3 live.

Francis Hodgson Burnett

The Secret Garden A Little Princess - started as a short story "Sara Crewe: or, What Happened at Miss Minchin's"

Frances Hodgson Burnett

The Secret Garden - about Mary Lennox, a spoiled girl born in India to rich British parents, but raised by servants. After her parents and servants die from cholera, she goes to live with an uncle she doesn't know. There she becomes friends with other kids and stops being a spoiled brat.

Beatrix Potter

The Tale of Peter Rabbit

Anne Bronte

The Tenant of Wildfell Hall Agnes Grey

Sid Fleischman

The Whipping Boy- 1987 Newbery Medal

-phobia

fear

Dylan Thomas

"Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night"- most famous poem; about his dying father and trying to get him to "rage against the dying of the light"

Alice Walker

"Everyday Use"- short story The Color Purple

Kurt Vonnegut

"Harrison Bergeron" Set in the year 2081; all people have been made 'equal' through the use of physical and mental handicaps and the law is enforced by Diana Moon Glampers, the Handicapper General. George and Hazel Bergeron are watching ballerinas on television. George is very smart and strong so he wears handicaps. Hazel is average and is not handicapped. A newsbulletin comes across the tv that their 14 year old son, Harrison, has escaped from jail and is considered dangerous because he is under-handicapped. Harrison bust into the studio and declares himself the Emperor. He tears off his numerous handicaps and asks for a willing woman to be his Empress. He takes off the musicians handicaps and begins to dance beautifully with the Empress. Diana Moon Glampers arrives and kills Harrison and his Empress on television. George missed it all while getting a beer in the kitchen. When he returns, Hazel has been crying, but can't remember why. He tells her to forget sad things and she says she always does. "2 B R 0 2 B" Man is in the hospital with his wife who is about to have triplets. Population control is enforced so to keep the children, someone must be willing to die. Edward K. Wehling, Jr., the expectant father, has to chose which baby will be allowed to live before escorting his grandfather who is sacrificing his life for the baby's to the gas chamber. Wehling draws a gun and kills the gas chamber escort, the doctor, and himself, allowing his grandfather and 3 babies to live. The artist who is painting a mural in the room knows that what he has witnessed will scar him forever. He picks up the phone and dials "2BR02B" and schedules an appointment to die in the municipal gas chambers of the Federal Bureau of Termination the following day.

Arthur Cavanaugh

"Miss Awful" When Miss Orville arrives at St. Geoff's as a substitute teacher for the third grade, she immediately makes a lot of changes, requiring more obedience from the students and doling out harsh disciplines. Her strict management inspires the story's protagonist, Roger, to call her "Miss Awful." However, on Miss Orville's last day in class, Roger learns that she views education as a precious gift and that she is actually motivated by a desire to teach children to be better citizens of society to help reduce the amount of violence and suffering in the world. Roger learns that his perceptions of her were inaccurate, reinforcing the theme that you cannot judge people before you get to know them.

Emma Lazarus

"New Colossus" - about the Statue of Liberty most famous lines of the poem: "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free. "Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"

Robert W. Service

"The Cremation of Sam McGee" -The poem is about a freezing-cold winter trip in the Yukon, back in the days of the Klondike Gold Rush. The poem's speaker tells us a story about his friend, Sam McGee, who freezes to death on the trail. Sam hates the cold and doesn't want to be buried in the frozen ground.

O'Henry

"The Gift of the Magi"- Jim and Della, a young, poor, married couple want to buy each other good gifts for Christmas. Della sells her hair to buy a chain for Jim's watch, and Jim sells his watch to buy combs for Della's hair. "The Ransom of Red Chief"- Men kidnap a mischievous boy in an effort to get ransom money from his father. Dad refuses. Eventually, the kidnappers return the child and pay the dad money to take him back. "The Cop and the Anthem"- about a New York City hobo named Soapy, who sets out to get arrested so that he can be a guest of the city jail instead of sleeping out in the cold winter. Despite efforts at petty theft, vandalism, disorderly conduct, and "flirting" with a young prostitute, Soapy fails to draw the attention of the police. Disconsolate, he pauses in front of a church, where an organ anthem inspires him to clean up his life; ironically, he is charged for loitering and sentenced to three months in prison. "A Retrieved Reformation" which tells the tale of safecracker Jimmy Valentine, recently freed from prison. He goes to a town bank to case it before he robs it. As he walks to the door, he catches the eye of the banker's beautiful daughter. They immediately fall in love and Valentine decides to give up his criminal career. He moves into the town, taking up the identity of Ralph Spencer, a shoemaker. Just as he is about to leave to deliver his specialized tools to an old associate, a lawman who recognizes him arrives at the bank. Jimmy and his fiancée and her family are at the bank, inspecting a new safe when a child accidentally gets locked inside the airtight vault. Knowing it will seal his fate, Valentine opens the safe to rescue the child. However, much to Valentine's surprise, the lawman denies recognizing him and lets him go.

Alfred Noyes

"The Highwayman"- a narrative poem; tells the story of an unnamed highwayman who is in love with Bess, a landlord's daughter. Betrayed to the authorities by Tim, a jealous ostler, the highwayman escapes ambush when Bess sacrifices her life by shooting her chest to warn him. Learning of her death, he dies in a futile attempt at revenge, shot down on the highway. In the final stanza, the ghosts of the lovers meet again on winter nights.

Shirley Jackson

"The Lottery"- Tessie Hutchinson is chosen as the year's sacrifice for harvest and is stoned to death by her neighbors "An Ordinary Day with Peanuts"- Mr. and Mrs. John Phillip Johnson take turns being kind and horrible to strangers they encounter.

Theodore Roosevelt Speeches

"The Man with the Muck-rake"- alludes to Pilgrim's Progress "Citizenship in a Republic"- "It is not the critic who counts...The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena."

Ernest Hemingway short stories

"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber"-Francis Macomber and his wife Margot, are on a big-game safari in Africa. Francis is scared to shoot and Margot cheats with the hunting guide. In the end, a wounded buffalo charges the husband and his wife shoots. Her shot kills her husband. "The Snows of Kilimanjara"- about Harry, a writer dying of gangrene, and Helen, who is with him on safari in Africa. They are stranded in the camp, because a bearing in their truck's engine burnt out. Harry's situation makes him irritable, and he speaks about his impending death in a matter-of-fact, sarcastic way that upsets Helen. In the end, Harry dies. "A Day's Wait"- first appeared in The Snows of Kilimanjaro. The story focuses on the boy and his father; When the boy gets the flu, a doctor is called in and recommends three different medicines and tells the boy's father that his temperature is 102 degrees Fahrenheit. The boy thinks he is going to die because he was thinking Celsius. When the father explains to him the difference in scales, the boy slowly relaxes, and the next day, "he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance." "Fathers and Sons"- Nick is driving through a small town with his son and admiring the fall scenery. Nick starts thinking of his father, who taught him to hunt and who has recently died. "The End of Something"- Nick and Marjorie, two teenagers in a relationship, fish in a small boat. While Marjorie daydreams that the remains of the mill are like a castle, Nick expresses his frustration over their unsuccessful fishing. Marjorie asks Nick what is bothering him, and Nick expresses that "It isn't fun anymore." Marjorie recognizes his words as the end of the relationship and leaves, Nick's friend Bill arrives and asks how the breakup went, Nick yells at Bill to go away, Nick shows dissatisfaction with his decision. "Hills Like White Elephants"- story focuses on a conversation between an American man and a young woman, described as a "girl," at a Spanish train station while waiting for a train to Madrid. The girl compares the nearby hills to white elephants. The pair indirectly discuss an "operation" that the man wants the girl to have, which is implied to be an abortion.

Lloyd Alexander

"The Stone" The short story is about a man named Maibon. He helps a dwarf, so he is granted one wish. He got a stone that makes him never grow old. After he gets the stone, a bunch of things go terribly wrong. So, he then tried to get rid of it, but it kept coming back to him. The Black Cauldron- Newbery Honor; The story continues the adventures of Taran, the Assistant Pig-Keeper, as he joins in a quest to capture the eponymous Magical Cauldron from Arawn Death-Lord. The High King- Newbery Medal; The series follows the adventures of Taran, the Assistant Pig-Keeper, as he nears manhood while helping to resist the forces of Arawn Death-Lord. In the concluding volume Taran and companions join the rest of Prydain in a great effort to defeat Arawn directly. Finally Taran must decide whether to be High King. Westmark- National Book Award The Marvelous Misadventures of Sebastian- National Book Award

Joan Aiken

"The Third Wish"- a play based on the fairy tale structure where a character is granted three wishes, and things wind up going very wrong. In this delightful twist of a three-wish tale, Mr. Peters saves the Forest King, who happens to be in the form of a swan, and is granted wishes as a reward. Mr. Peters asks for a beautiful wife with his first wish. Years later, his unhappy wife admits that she had once been a swan, but was changed due to his 1st wish. With his 2nd wish, he turns his wife back into a swan. He never uses his 3rd wish. The Serial Garden: The Complete Armitage Family Stories including 24 stories such as "Dragon Monday"

a la carte

"on the card"; means to order individual items from a menu rather than as a meal

Habeas Corpus

"you have a body"; a writ requiring that a detained individual be brought before a court to decide the legality of that individual's detention

Paul Fleischman

**Son of Sid Fleischman, author of Whipping Boy Joyful Noise: Poems for Two Voices- Newbery Medal. - a collection of 14 children's poems about insects such as mayflies, lice, and honeybees. Graven Images- Newbery Honor Breakout- National Book Award nomination Bull Run- Scott O'Dell Award

Robert Byrd

-Illustrator for Good Masters! Sweet Ladies! author and illustrator of: Electric Ben:The Amazing Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin Leonardo: Beautiful Dreamer Liberty Arrives!

Intensive pronouns

-self or -selves pronouns that are used to intensify the emphasis on a noun or another pronoun Ex: I myself agree with that idea.

prima donna

1. principal female singer in an opera 2. extremely high-strung, vain, or sensitive person

bolero

A Spanish dance, illustrative of the passion of love, accompanied by caste nets and singing.

Ursula K. Le Guin

A Wizard of Earthsea The Left Hand of Darkness

fable

A brief story that leads to a moral, often using animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters

omomatopoeia

A word that imitates the sound it represents. ex) The dogs barked when Andy honked his horn.

Tone

A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.

Irene Hunt

Across Five Aprils- Newbery Honor; fictionalized her grandfather's stories of his Civil War-era childhood Up a Road Slowly- Newbery Medal; about a young child named Julie who grows from 7 to 17 years old with her aunt Cordelia and uncle Haskell in the country No Promises in the Wind

Gennifer Choldenko

Al Capone Does My Shirts Al Capone Shines My Shoes Al Capone Does My Homework Al Capone Throws Me a Curve Louder Lili How to Make Friends with a Giant

Nancy Willard

American poet; wrote A Visit to William Blake's Inn: Poems for Innocent and Experienced Travelers- Newberry Medal

Gwendolyn Brooks

American poet; first African American to receive a Pulitzer Prize. "We Real Cool" Annie Allen Maud Martha The Bean Eaters

Shel Silverstein

American writer known for his cartoons, songs, and children's books Where the Sidewalk Ends- includes "Ickle Me, Pickle Me, Tickle Me Too"- story of 3 boys who ride in a flying shoe The Giving Tree A Light in the Attic The Missing Piece Runny Babbit

Elizabeth Yates

Amos Fortune, Free Man- Newbery Medal Mountain Born- Newbery Honor

Ogden Nash

An American author of the 20th century known for his witty poems, many of them published in The New Yorker He coined new words to create unconventional rhymes as in "Parsley is gharsley." He also wrote more than 500 humorous works including "Children aren't happy with nothing to ignore and that's what parents were created for" and "The cow is of the bovine ilk; one end is moo, the other milk"

Johnny Appleseed

An American folk hero who traveled throughout the mid-west encouraging people to plant orchards.

euphemism

An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant ex) lady of the evening= prostitute

Ray Bradbury

Author of: "All Summer in a Day"- Setting: Venus (where the sun only shines 2 hours every 7 years;) Children lock Margot in the closet and she misses seeing the sunshine. "There Will Come Soft Rains" - setting is post-apocalypse; house continues to function despite people being destroyed; eventually, house sets itself on fire. "The Golden Kite, the Silver Wind"- a story about two villages in China that begin competing by constructing walls around each town. The story is meant to point out the effects of a nuclear arms race, when countries compete to develop more powerful nuclear weapons. Fahrenheit 451- dystopian novel; Montag is main character whose job it is to burn books found in buildings "The Martian Chronicles"- chronicles the colonization of Mars by humans fleeing from a troubled and eventually atomically devastated Earth

"Rules of the Game"

Author: Amy Tan; the story of a young Chinese-American girl who becomes a world-class chess player. The narrator, Waverly, called Meimei by her family, has a hard time living between the Chinese world of her mother and the outer, "American" world.

"The Bet"

Author: Anton Chekhov; about a banker and a young lawyer who make a bet with each other about whether the death penalty is better or worse than life in prison.

The Chronicles of Narnia Series (in order)

Author: C. S. Lewis; The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe- The children: Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy Pevensie discover a wardrobe in Professor Digory Kirke's house that leads to the magical land of Narnia. The Pevensie children help Aslan, a talking lion, save Narnia from the evil White Witch, who has reigned over the land of Narnia for a century of perpetual winter with no Christmas. Prince Caspian: The Return to Narnia- tells the story of the Pevensie children's second trip to Narnia, a year after their first. They are drawn back by the power of Susan's horn, blown by Prince Caspian to summon help in his hour of need. The Voyage of the Dawn Treader-Edmund and Lucy Pevensie, along with their priggish cousin, Eustace Scrubb, return to Narnia, three years after their last departure. Once there, they join Caspian's voyage on the ship Dawn Treader to find the seven lords who were banished when Miraz took over the throne. The Silver Chair- The Silver Chair is the first Narnia book not involving the Pevensie children, focusing instead on Eustace. Aslan calls Eustace back to Narnia along with his classmate Jill Pole. They are given four signs to aid them in the search for Prince Caspian's son Rilian, who disappeared ten years earlier on a quest to avenge his mother's death. Eustace and Jill, with the help of Puddleglum the Marsh-wiggle, face danger and betrayal on their quest to find Rilian. The Horse and His Boy- The story takes place during the reign of the Pevensies in Narnia, an era which begins and ends in the last chapter of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. The protagonists, a young boy named Shasta and a talking horse named Bree, both begin in bondage in the country of Calormen. By "chance", they meet and plan their return to Narnia and freedom. Along the way they meet Aravis and her talking horse Hwin, who are also fleeing to Narnia. The Magician's Nephew- It's a PREQUEL and presents Narnia's origin story: how Aslan created the world and how evil first entered it. Digory Kirke and his friend Polly Plummer stumble into different worlds by experimenting with magic rings made by Digory's uncle. In the dying world of Charn they awaken Queen Jadis, and another world turns out to be the beginnings of the Narnian world (where Jadis later becomes the White Witch). The Last Battle- chronicles the end of the world of Narnia. Jill and Eustace return to save Narnia from the ape Shift, who tricks Puzzle the donkey into impersonating the lion Aslan, thereby precipitating a showdown between the Calormenes and King Tirian. This leads to the end of Narnia as it is known throughout the series, but allows Aslan to lead the characters to the "true" Narnia.

Caddie Woodlawn

Author: Carol Ryrie Brink 1936 Newbery Medal

Miss Hickory

Author: Carolyn Sherwin Bailey; Newbery Medal Miss Hickory is a stick figure doll composed of a fork-like twiggy body and a hickory nut for a noggin. Her humble, but clean abode is made of corncobs nestled beneath a lilac bush.

Johnny Tremain

Author: Esther Forbes; Newbery Medal Fourteen-year-old protagonist. Tremain is an apprentice to a silversmith and is good with both his hands and his head. He is generally likable, loyal, hard-working, and industrious. Early in the novel, he is seriously injured in an accident. This accident has a significant impact on the course of his life.

What the Robin Knows: How Birds Reveal the Secrets of the Natural World

Author: Jon Young; non-fiction nature book

The Mists of Avalon

Author: Marion Zimmer Bradley -relates the Arthurian legends from the perspective of the female characters; The epic is focused on the lives of Guinevere , Viviane, Morgause, Igraine and other women of the Arthurian legend.

"The Dinner Party"

Author: Mona Gardner; Story is set in colonial India; a man insists that women can only scream during a crisis. A woman disproves this theory by remaining calm while a cobra crawls across her foot.

Mr. Popper's Penguins

Author: Richard Atwater; Newbery Medal It tells the story of a poor house painter named Mr. Popper and his family, who live in the small town of Stillwater in the 1930s.

A Game for Swallows: To Die, To Leave, To Return

Author: Zeina Abirached; This graphic novel memoir focuses on one night during the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) during which the author, her brother, and neighbors huddle in the safest corner of their apartment sharing memories, food, and comfort.

Amy Tan

Author; Short story: "Rules of the Game"- the story of a young Chinese-American girl who becomes a world-class chess player. The narrator, Waverly Jong, called Meimei by her family, has a hard time living between the Chinese world of her mother and the outer, "American" world. Novel: The Joy Luck Club about four Chinese-American women and their immigrant mothers who play mahjong

Kate Dicamillo

Because of Winn-Dixie The Tale of Despereaux- Newbery Medal; the adventures of a mouse named Despereaux Tilling, as he sets out on his quest to rescue a beautiful human princess from the rats. Flor and Ulysses- Newbery Medal; Flora is a comic book enthusiast and Ulysses is a poetry-writing superhero squirrel Raymie Nightingale- National Book Award Finalist; about a girl who is trying to make her dad who had abandoned her family come home by winning the Little Miss Central Florida Tire pageant. To win, not only does Raymie have to do good deeds and learn how to twirl a baton; she also has to deal with Louisiana Elefante, who has a show-business background, and stubborn Beverly Tapinski, who's determined to sabotage the contest. But as the competition approaches, loneliness, loss, and unanswerable questions draw the three girls into an unlikely friendship — and challenge each of them to come to the rescue in unexpected ways.

Anna Sewell

Black Beauty Sewell was crippled in an accident and unable to move without a horse. Wrote Black Beauty to try and change how people treated horses and other animals.

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Born to freed slaves from Kentucky. One of the first influential Black poets in American literature. "Sympathy"- Opening line: "I know what the caged bird feels, alas!"; inspiration for Maya Angelou's poem "We Wear the Mask"

Eugene Yelchin

Breaking Stalin's Nose- Newbery Honor - tells the story of Sasha, a devoted young Communist, whose father is betrayed and arrested

#Notyourprincess: Voices of Native American Women

By Lisa Charleyboy and Mary Beth Leatherdale; YALSA Finalist A collection of interviews, essays, art, and poems by indigenous North American women

apostrophe

By addressing a person who is not present or an inanimate object that cannot feel or express emotions, a character is instead showing their own inner state. ex)JULIET: Yea, noise? Then I'll be brief. O happy dagger! This is thy sheath; there rust, and let me die.

Freedom Over Me: Eleven Slaves, Their Lives and Dreams Brought to Life

By: Ashley Bryan; Newbery Honor book; -Set in a slave-owning state in 1828 and describes the hopes and dreams of eleven slaves listed for sale.

Armstrong Sperry

Call It Courage- Newbery Medal; tells the story of Mafatu, a Polynesian chief's son who overcomes his fear of water

Nominative case pronouns

Can be subjects of a sentence; I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Adverbs

Can modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Answers the questions How? When? Where? or, to what extent?

Theme

Central idea of a work of literature

Jack Gantos

Dead End in Norvelt- 2012 Newbery; Scott O'Dell Award Winner for Historical Fiction Hole in My Life- Sibert and Printz awards Joey Pigza Swallowed the Key- National Book Award finalist Joey Pigza Loses Control- Newbery Honor

CeCe Bell

El Deafo- Newbery Medal Honor; Eisner Award Autobiographical graphic novel; Uses the imagery of everyone illustrated as rabbits as a visual metaphor. When Bell was growing up, she felt like the only rabbit whose ears didn't work. The title comes from the idea that she feels powerful like a superhero with the assistance of her Phonic Ear, the hearing aid she uses in order to hear her teachers at school.

Lesa Cline-Ransome

Finding Langston- Coretta Scott King Author Honor; Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction A young boy named Langston encounters the poetry of Langston Hughes Game Changers Venus and Serena Williams are two of the greatest tennis players of all time. Before they were world famous, they were little girls with big dreams. Before She Was Harriet- Coretta Scott King Illustrator Honor Moses, General Tubman, Minty, Araminta--the woman we know today as Harriet Tubman went by many names. Each represented one of her many roles as a spy, as a liberator, as a suffragist, and more. Words Set Me Free: The Story of Young Frederick Douglass- picture book based on Narrative Life of Frederick Douglas

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Fireside poet; "The Song of Hiawatha"- epic poem that relates the fictional adventures of an Ojibwe warrior named Hiawatha and the tragedy of his love for Minnehaha, a Dakota woman. "Paul Revere's Ride" "A Psalm of Life"- "Evangeline"- "The Village Blacksmith"- "with large and sinewy hands" who stood under the "spreading chestnut tree"

Laura Amy Schlitz

Good Masters! Sweet Ladies! Voices from a Medieval Village- Newbery Medal; Book is a collection of 22 characters' monologues and dialogues. Splendors and Glooms- Newbery Honor; Clara Wintermute, the only child of a wealthy doctor, invites master puppeteer Grisini to entertain at her birthday party. When Clara vanishes that night, suspicion falls upon the puppeteer and his orphaned assistants. The three children — two penniless waifs and one pampered heiress — have been caught in a trap set by Grisini's ancient rival, a witch with a deadly inheritance she's determined to shed before it's too late. The Hired Girl- Scott O'Dell Award; About a 14-year-old farm girl from Philadelphia named Joan Skraggs who runs away and takes a job cleaning house for a Jewish family in 1911 Baltimore.

The Tortoise and the Hare

Hard work can prevail over idle natural talent.

Kirby Larson

Hattie Big Sky- Newbery Honor book; For most of her life, sixteen-year-old Hattie Brooks has been shuttled from one distant relative to another. Tired of being shuffled around, she summons the courage to leave Iowa and move all by herself to Vida, Montana, to take over her late uncle's homestead claim. Dash - tells the moving story of Mitsi, a Japanese-American girl sent to an incarceration camp during World War II and separated from everything she knows including her beloved dog Dash.

Captain Stormalong

He was considered the superhero of the Atlantic Ocean. His favorite meal was shark meat and whale soup. One of the most famous legends is how he had his sailors soap the sides of his ship, the Courser, so that they could squeeze the huge ship through the English channel. That explains how the "white cliffs of Dover" became so white.

Scott O'Dell

Island of the Blue Dolphins- Newbery Medal; Karana, a member of the Nicoleno tribe, survives alone for years on an island off the coast of California. The King's Fifth- Newbery Honor The Black Pearl- Newbery Honor Sing Down the Moon- Newbery Honor Streams to the River, River to the Sea-

Jules Verne

Journey to the Center of the Earth- The story involves German professor Otto Lidenbrock who believes there are volcanic tubes going toward the center of the Earth. He, his nephew Axel, and their guide Hans descend into the Icelandic volcano encountering many adventures, including prehistoric animals and natural hazards, before eventually coming to the surface again in southern Italy, at the Stromboli volcano. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea- it focuses on a group of scientists embarking on a dangerous voyage in a submarine piloted by Captain Nemo in search of a giant monster. As the journey wears on, the crew encounters dangerous life forms, but the biggest threat to their safety may be their captain. Around the World in 80 Days-In the story, Phileas Fogg of London and his French servant Passepartout attempt to circumnavigate the world in 80 days on a £20,000 wager set by his friends at the Reform Club.

Shane Burcaw

Laughing at My Nightmare Burcaw describes the challenges he faces as a twenty-one-year-old with spinal muscular atrophy. While he does talk about everyday issues that are relatable to teens, he also offers an eye-opening perspective on what it is like to have a life threatening disease.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Leader of the civil rights movement; "I Have a Dream" - Washington, D.C. "I've Been to the Mountaintop"- Memphis, TN "Our God is Marching On"- Selma, AL

Walt Whitman

Leaves of Grass "Song of Myself" "O Captain, My Captain"- an extended metaphor poem written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, about the death of American president "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd"- Elegy; composed of three separate, yet simultaneous poems. One follows the progress of Lincoln's coffin on its way to the president's burial. The second stays with the poet and his sprig of lilac, meant to be laid on the coffin in tribute, as he ruminates on death and mourning. The third uses the symbols of a bird and a star to develop an idea of a nature sympathetic to yet separate from humanity. "I Hear America Singing"- describes the voices of working Americans toiling away at their jobs; celebrates them and their hard work, and also creates a vision of an America unified by song and hard work. "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"- It describes the ferry trip across the East River from Manhattan to Brooklyn at the exact location that was to become the Brooklyn Bridge.

Strawberry Girl

Lois Lenski; Newbery Medal Birdie Boyer was a Florida Cracker. She belonged to a large "strawberry family," who lived on a flatwoods farm in the lake section of the state. They raised strawberries for a living. Birdie dreamed of an education that would include playing the organ.

"The Frogs and the Well"

Look before you leap.

Participle

Looks like a verb, acts like an adjective I looked like a DROWNED rat after getting caught in the storm.

Gerund

Looks like a verb, but acts like a noun DANCING is a good form of exercise.

"The Crow and the Pitcher"

Moral: Necessity is the mother of invention.

The Ant and the Dove

Moral: One good turn deserves another.

Steve Sheinkin

Most Dangerous: Daniel Ellsberg and the Secret History of the Vietnam War- National Book Award finalist; YALSA Excellence in Nonfiction Award winner Bomb: The Race to Build-and Steal-the World's Most Dangerous Weapon- Newbery Honor Book, a National Book Award Finalist, Sibert Award, and YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults. The Notorious Benedict Arnold: A True Story of Adventure, Heroism & Treachery- YALSA award for Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults. The Port Chicago 50: Disaster, Mutiny, and the Fight for Civil Rights- National Book Award finalist

Susan Goldman Rubin

Music Was It: Young Leonard Bernstein- YALSA Nonfiction finalist; Begins with Lenny's childhood in Boston and ends with his conducting debut at Carnegie Hall with the New York Philharmonic when he was just twenty-five. Freedom Summer: The 1964 Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi

Me llamo ___________.

My name is ____________.

Roald Dahl

Novels: Charlie and the Chocolate Factory James and the Giant Peach Matilda The Witches The BFG Fantastic Mr. Fox Short Stories: "The Landlady"- Billy Weaver dies from cyanide poisoning. "Lamb to the Slaughter"- about the murder of police detective Patrick Maloney by his wife Mary. Driven to homicide after her husband's unexpected announcement that he's leaving her and their unborn child, Mary quickly regains her senses after fatally killing him with the leg of lamb. "The Hitch-Hiker"- tells how one guy dealt with getting a speeding ticket. In the story, the narrator is driving to London when he stops to pick up a hitchhiker. ... Eventually they discuss the narrator's nice car, and the narrator claims it can go 129 miles per hour.

Cynthia Rylant

Novels: Missing May- Newbery Medal; The story begins shortly after her aunt May has died, leaving behind Summer and her old uncle Ob in their trailer on a hill which now feels filled to the brim with grief. As Ob sinks further and further into his grief and loneliness, Summer becomes concerned that she won't be enough to keep Ob on this earth. A Fine White Dust- Newbery Honor; Every person must make personal decisions about God, religion, and church rituals sometime while working toward maturity. In this story Pete attends church even though his parents do not. When I Was Young in the Mountains- Caldecott Honor The Relatives Came- Caldecott Honor Henry and Mudge Short Stories: "Checkouts"- About a girl who has a crush on a supermarket worker after moving to Cincinnati "A Crush"- Simple but generous gifts bring about positive changes for both the recipients and the givers.

Amy Timberlake

One Came Home- Newbery Honor; Plot summary: Georgie Burkhardt is a plain-speaking, gun-toting girl in 1871 Wisconsin. She is convinced that her sister, whom everyone in town believes is dead, is still alive and sets off to the western frontier to find her. That Girl Lucy Moon The Dirty Cowboy

Karen Hesse

Out of the Dust- Newbery Medal Tells the story of Bille Jo's life in Oklahoma as she learns to cope with the loss of her mother who died in a house fire and her grieving father's slow deterioration. There is hope at the end when Billie Jo's badly burned hands are healed, and she is able to play her beloved piano again.

Vince Vawter

Paperboy- Newbery Honor book; takes place in Memphis in 1959, and is told by Little Man, an 11 year old who is the hardest throwing pitcher on his team, and has a debilitating stutter. When his best friend Rat goes away for a month on his cousin's farm, Little Man takes over his paper route. Copyboy

The Dog in the Manger

People often begrudge others what they cannot enjoy themselves.

Shannon Hale

Princess Academy- Newbery Honor- Miri, the protagonist, longs to work with her father and sister in the quarry. Real Friends (graphic novel) Best Friends (graphic novel)

Challenger speech

Ronald Reagan's speech to the nation that replaced his State of the Union address in January 1986. "The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for their journey and waved good-bye and 'slipped the surly bonds of earth' to 'touch the face of God. "

A Midsummer Night's Dream

Shakespeare comedy Main Characters: Puck - Also known as Robin Goodfellow; Puck is Oberon's jester, a mischievous fairy who delights in playing pranks on mortals Oberon - The king of the fairies Titania- Oberon's wife Lysander - in love with Hermia Demetrius- initially in love with Hermia and ultimately in love with Helena. Hermia- in love with Lysander Helena- in love with Demetrius Theseus- The heroic duke of Athens, engaged to Hippolyta Hippolyta-legendary queen of the Amazons, engaged to Theseus Nick Bottom- full of advice and self-confidence but frequently makes silly mistakes and misuses language; head was turned into a donkey by Puck

The Merchant of Venice

Shakespeare comedy Portia is the protagonist. A rich, beautiful, intelligent heiress of Belmont, she is bound by the lottery set forth in her father's will, which gives potential suitors the chance to choose among three caskets. If he chooses the right casket, he wins Portia's hand in marriage. If he chooses the incorrect casket, he must leave and never seek another woman in marriage. Bassanio, who is also a soldier and a scholar. Bassanio goes on to choose the right casket. Shylock , a Venetian Jewish moneylender, is the play's principal antagonist. His defeat and conversion to Christianity form the climax of the story.

Twelfth Night

Shakespeare romantic comedy Viola is shipwrecked on the coast of Illyria and she comes ashore with the help of a Captain. She has lost contact with her twin brother, Sebastian, whom she believes to be drowned, and with the aid of the Captain, she disguises herself as a young man under the name Cesario and enters the service of Duke Orsino. Duke Orsino has convinced himself that he is in love with Olivia, who is mourning the recent deaths of her father and brother. She refuses to see entertainments, be in the company of men, or accept love or marriage proposals from anyone, the Duke included, until seven years have passed. Duke Orsino then uses 'Cesario' as an intermediary to profess his passionate love before Olivia. Olivia, however, falls in love with 'Cesario', setting her at odds with her professed duty. In the meantime, Viola has fallen in love with Duke Orsino, creating a love triangle: Viola loves Duke Orsino, Duke Orsino loves Olivia, and Olivia loves Viola disguised as Cesario. Viola's twin, Sebastian, has been rescued by Antonio, a sea captain who previously fought against Orsino, yet who accompanies Sebastian to Illyria, despite the danger, because of his admiration for Sebastian. Sebastian's appearance adds the confusion of mistaken identities to the comedy. Taking Sebastian for 'Cesario', Olivia asks him to marry her, and they are secretly married in a church. Finally, when 'Cesario' and Sebastian appear in the presence of both Olivia and Orsino, there is more wonder and confusion at their physical similarity. At this point, Viola reveals her identity and is reunited with her twin brother. The play ends in a declaration of marriage between Duke Orsino and Viola

MacBeth

Shakespeare tragedy Main Characters: MacBeth, Lady MacBeth, Banquo, Fleance, King Duncan, MacDuff Most Famous Quotes: "Fair is foul, and foul is fair." "False face must hide what the false heart doth know." "Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, And then is heard no more. It is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing."

Romeo and Juliet

Shakespeare tragedy; Main Characters: Juliet Capulet, Romeo Montague, Tybalt- Juliet's cousin killed by Mercutio, Mercutio- one of Romeo's bffs; Benvolio- other bff of Romeo, Friar Lawrence- priest who marries Romeo and Juliet; Rosalind- the girl that Romeo had a crush on and snuck into Juliet's party to see. Most famous quotes: "But soft, what light through yonder window breaks?It is the east, and Juliet is the sun." "O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo?" "My only love sprung from my only hate. Too early seen unknown, and known too late!" "What's Montague? It is nor hand nor foot,Nor arm nor face nor any other part belonging to a man. Oh, be some other name!What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other word would smell as sweet."

King Lear

Shakespeare tragedy; King has 3 daughters and decides to step down as ruler and divide his kingdom. Goneril and Regan both flatter their dad and get parts of kingdom; Cordelia refuses to flatter him despite truly loving him and is disowned. She runs away to France and marries. Ultimately, Goneril poisons Regan and kills herself and Cordelia is executed in prison. King Lear dies of grief. Main characters: King Lear- the protagonist of the play Cordelia - Lear's youngest daughter who is also the favorite; she is disowned by her father for refusing to flatter him. Goneril - Lear's ruthless oldest daughter and the wife of the duke of Albany. Goneril is jealous, treacherous, and amoral. Starts an affair with Edmund Regan - Lear's middle daughter and the wife of the duke of Cornwall. Regan is as ruthless as Goneril and as aggressive in all the same ways.

Robert Cormier

Short Story: "The Moustache"- Mike shaves off his moustache because his grandma mistakes him for her late husband. Novels: I Am the Cheese The Chocolate War- tells the story of how a young teenage boy named Jerry Renault refuses to sell chocolates at Trinity school and how he faces some hardships from Brother Leon and the Vigils because of his defiance.

Jack London

Short stories: "To Build A Fire"- the story of a young miner who has come to the Yukon to find gold. He is traveling toward his camp on a cold, windy afternoon, against the advice of a seasoned miner. He falls through some ice and gets his feet wet so he needs to build a fire to dry off and warm up. "Two Gold Bricks" "The Red One" "The King of Mazy May"- a story about a 14 year-old boy called Walt Masters who was born at a trading post on the Yukon river in Northern Canada. When his mother died, he and his father moved up the river and settled by a small creek called Mazy May. Walt tries to protect his neighbor Loren Hall's claim against claim jumpers who plan to steal the man's gold Novels: The Call of the Wild- Buck, a powerful dog, half St. Bernard and half sheepdog, lives on Judge Miller's estate in California's Santa Clara Valley. He leads a comfortable life there, but it comes to an end when men discover gold in the Klondike region of Canada and a great demand arises for strong dogs to pull sleds. Other characters are Kind John Thornton, siblings- Mercedes and Hal, and "devil-dog" Spitz White Fang- It changes perspective from the point of view of humans to the point of view of wolves. The plot centers on a wolf cub named White Fang and his relationship with the humans in his life. The Sea Wolf- tells the story of a kind of wimpy protagonist — an intellectual man named Humphrey van Weyden — forced to become tough and self-reliant by exposure to cruelty and brutality. The story starts with him aboard a San Francisco ferry, called Martinez, which collides with another ship in the fog and sinks.

"Keep Hope Alive"

Speech given by Jesse Jackson at the 1988 Democratic Convention; called America "the real rainbow coalition"

Deborah Heiligman

TORPEDOED- 2020 YALSA Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults Award Finalist Vincent and Theo The Van Gough Brothers Charles and Emma The Darwins Leap of Faith; National Book Award Finalist Intentions High Hopes A Photobiography of John F. Kennedy

Catherine Thimmesh

Team Moon: How 400,000 People Landed Apollo 11 on the Moon- Sibert Medal -tells about the Apollo 11 mission that landed the first humans on Earth's natural satellite

Sharon Draper

Tears of a Tiger- Coretta Scott King Award Forged by Fire (sequel to Tears of a Tiger)- Coretta Scott King Award The Battle of Jericho- Coretta Scott King Honor Book Copper Sun- Coretta Scott King Award November Blues- Coretta Scott King Honor Book Out of My Mind Panic Stella by Starlight Blended

Susan Cooper

The Dark is Rising - Newbery Honor book 1974; Will Stanton, age 11, learns on that birthday that he is an "Old One" and thus destined to wield the powers of The Light in the ancient struggle with The Dark. The Grey King- Newbery Medal 1976 -It is the fourth of five books in her Arthurian fantasy series The Dark is Rising. In this book, Will is sent to Wales to recuperate after an illness. Here he meets Bran, the Pendragon, son of King Arthur, and befriends him. He must also awaken the Sleepers to fight the Dark. She won the 2012 Margaret A. Edwards Award for significant and lasting contribution to writing for young adults.

The Leatherstocking Tales (chronological order)

The Deerslayer-The First Warpath Set at the beginning of King George's War. Natty Bumppo meets up with Hurry Harry March and Chingachgook near Lake Otsego. . The Last of the Mohicans- A Narrative of 1757 During the 1757 siege of Fort William Henry on Lake George by the French and Iroquois, two daughters (Alice and Cora) of its commander, Colonel Monroe, set out from a neighboring fort to join their father. Chingachgook becomes the last living Mohican when his son is killed by the Huron tribe. The Pathfinder- The Inland Sea Upstate New York, French and Indian War. Frontiersman Natty Bumppo, nicknamed Leatherstocking, lives near Lake Ontario. He falls in love with Mabel Dunham, a sergeant's daughter, and wants to settle down to raise a family. Meanwhile treachery abounds among the native and European combatants. The Pioneers- The Sources of the Susquehanna Northern New York frontier, 1823. Settlers in the foothills turn the wilderness into farmland and villages. Judge Temple and his daughter, Elizabeth, help to establish a new civilization, while the natives and frontiersmen are driven out. Old hunter Natty Bumppo, called Leatherstocking, observes the changing environment with regret. The Prairie Early 1800s. Civilization drives old hunter Natty Bumppo (Leatherstocking) west of the Mississippi to the prairies, where he becomes a trapper and helps a band of emigrants in their conflicts with Indians, miscreants, and the harsh environment.

Sigrid Nunez

The Friend- National Book Award winner; tells the story of a woman grieving for her deceased friend while caring for his pet, a Great Dane.

Neil Gaiman

The Graveyard Book- Newberry Medal Coraline

J. R. R. Tolkien

The Hobbit- prelude to The Lord of the Rings. Bilbo Baggins is a hobbit who enjoys a comfortable, unambitious life, rarely traveling any farther than his pantry or cellar. But his contentment is disturbed when the wizard Gandalf and a company of dwarves arrive on his doorstep one day to whisk him away on an adventure. They have launched a plot to raid the treasure hoard guarded by Smaug the Magnificent, a large and very dangerous dragon. Bilbo reluctantly joins their quest, unaware that on his journey to the Lonely Mountain he will encounter both a magic ring and a frightening creature known as Gollum. The Lord of the Rings trilogy: The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King -Gimli- a dwarf warrior chosen to represent the race of Dwarves in the Fellowship of the Ring -Legolas is a Sindarin Elf of the Woodland Realm and one of nine members of the Fellowship of the Ring. -Pippin, formally named Peregrin Took, a young hobbit who became ensnared in fellow hobbit Frodo Baggins's quest to destroy the One Ring. -Aragorn is a Ranger of the North, first introduced with the name Strider at Bree, as the Hobbits continued to call him throughout The Lord of the Rings.

Karen Cushman

The Midwife's Apprentice- 1996 Newbery Medal; Tells the story of Alyce, an orphan in medieval England Catherine, Called Birdy- 1995 Newbery Honor

William Gibson

The Miracle Worker based on Helen Keller's autobiography The Story of My Life

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

The Mock Turtle- cries all the time The Caterpillar- smokes a hookah The March Hare- a guest at the tea party The Mad Hatter- elderly man that wears a tophat and hosts tea parties for "unbirthdays" Cheshire Cat- gives Alice directions to the tea party and declares the Hatter and March Hare as "mad"

W. W. Jacobs

The Monkey's Paw- Mr. White makes a wish that inadvertently results in the death of his son Herbert who was mauled by a machine at his factory job.

Rodman Philbrick

The Mostly True Adventures of Homer P. Figg- Newbery Honor Tells the story of a twelve-year-old orphan Homer runs away from Pine Swamp, Maine, to find his older brother, Harold, who has been sold into the Union Army. Freak the Mighty- The primary characters are friends Maxwell Kane, a large, very slow, but kind-hearted boy, and Kevin Avery, nicknamed "Freak", who is physically handicapped but very intelligent. Zane and the Hurricane The Young Man and the Sea

Neal Bascomb

The Nazi Hunters- YALSA Nonfiction winner; tells how the Isreali government tracked down and hanged Adolph Eichmann, one Nazi responsible for identifying and shipping Jews to concentration camps Sabotage The Great Escape

T. H.White

The Once and Future King- (4 books in one) tells the story of King Arthur's rise to power, his rule of Camelot, and the affair between Guinevere and Sir Lancelot The Sword in the Stone The Queen of Air and Darkness The Ill-Made Knight The Candle in the Wind

Kekla Magoon

The Season of Styx Malone- Coretta Scott King Honor book; about three young black boys, brothers Caleb and Bobby Gene and their friend Styx Malone, a cool newcomer in their small town of Sutton, Indiana. Styx takes Bobby Gene and Caleb under his wing to teach them about know-how, bartering, ambition, and ultimately, how to escape the limited possibilities of life in rural Indiana The Rock and the River- Coretta Scott King winner Story is set in 1968, Chicago. Thirteen-year-old Sam Childs finds himself caught between his father (a well-known civil rights leader) and his older brother, Stick, who joins the Black Panther Party.

James Thurber

The Secret Life of Walter Mitty- about a man who drives into Waterbury, Connecticut, with his wife for their regular weekly shopping and his wife's visit to the beauty parlor. During this time he has five heroic daydream episodes. First, he is as a pilot of a U.S. Navy flying boat. Then, he is a magnificent surgeon performing a one-of-a-kind surgery. Third, he is a deadly assassin testifying in a courtroom. Fourth, he's a Royal Air Force pilot volunteering for a daring, secret suicide mission to bomb an ammunition dump. As the story ends, Mitty imagines himself facing a firing squad. The Catbird Seat

Paula Fox

The Slave Dancer- Newbery Medal; story of a boy called Jessie Bollier who witnessed first-hand the savagery of the Atlantic slave trade. The book not only includes a historical account, but it also touches upon the emotional conflicts felt by those involved in transporting the slaves from Africa to other parts of the world

H. G. Wells

The Time Machine War of the Worlds The Invisible Man The Island of Dr. Moreau

John Christopher

The Tripods series: Humanity has been enslaved by "Tripods" — gigantic three-legged walking machines, piloted by unseen alien entities (later identified as "Masters"). Lifestyle is reminiscent of the Middle Ages, but small artifacts from the Modern Age are still used, such as watches. Humans are controlled from the age of 14 by implants called "Caps", which suppress curiosity and creativity. Some people, whose minds are broken by the Caps, become vagrants. Books in the series: The White Mountains The City of Gold and Lead The Pool of Fire When the Tripods Came (prequel)

E.L. Konigsburg

The View from Saturday- Newbery Medal From the Mixed Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler- Newbery Medal

Peter Sis

The Wall: Growing Up Behind the Iron Curtain- Sibert Medal, Caldecott Honor -The author recounts his childhood and adolescence in Czechoslovakia where he experienced the Prague Spring Tibet Through The Red Box- Caldecott Honor Starry Messenger- Caldecott Honor

Kimberly Brubaker Bradley

The War That Saved My Life- Newbery Honor; Nine-year-old Ada has never left her one-room apartment. Her mother is too humiliated by Ada's twisted foot to let her outside. So when her little brother Jamie is shipped out of London to escape the war, Ada doesn't waste a minute. She sneaks out to join him. So begins a new adventure of Ada, and for Susan Smith, the woman who is forced to take the two kids in. .

Elizabeth George Speare

The Witch of Blackbird Pond- won Newbery Medal; tells the story of 2 woman, Kit Tyler and Hannah Tupper. - about the dangers of intolerance, bigotry, and excluding people from society. The Bronze Bow- won Newbery Medal; takes place in Galilee, Israel, during the time of Jesus. Eighteen-year-old Daniel bar Jamin has endured a life of unbelievable hardships. At the age of 8, Daniel witnesses his father's and uncle's crucifixion by Roman soldiers. His mother also dies shortly thereafter. Daniel's younger sister, Leah, is so traumatized by their deaths that she appears to lose her mind. Daniel's grandmother, poor and elderly, is unable to support the children, so she is forced to sell Daniel to the town's blacksmith, Amalek. The Sign of the Beaver- won Newberry Honor; Matt is more than a little apprehensive when his father leaves him alone to guard their new cabin in the wilderness. When a renegade white stranger steals his gun, Matt realizes he has no way to shoot game or to protect himself. When Matt meets Attean, a boy in the Beaver clan, he begins to better understand their way of life and their growing problem in adapting to the white man and the changing frontier.

Angela Johnson

Toning the Sweep- Coretta Scott King Author Award Heaven- Coretta Scott King Author Award The Other Side: Shorter Poems- Coretta Scott King Honor book The First Part Last- The Printz Award; Coretta Scott King Author Award

Robert Louis Stevenson

Treasure Island- Jim Hawkins finds treasure map from sailor at mom's inn and goes on schooner Hispaniola with Dr. Livesey and Squire Trelaney to find it; Jim stops mutiny of Long John Silver; marooned sailor Ben Gunn helps them get treasure The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde- Dr. Jekyll creates drug that transforms him into evil alter ego Mr. Hyde and eventually commits murder; kills self; narrated by Mr. Utterson

Shane Evans

We March - an important story about the African American civil rights movement. On August 28, 1963, a remarkable event took place--more than 250,000 people gathered in our nation's capital to participate in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

Cynthia Levinson

We've Got a Job: The 1963 Birmingham Children's March 2013 YALSA Award for Non-fiction Finalist -chronicles the events of May 2-11, 1963, when 4,000 black students filled the Birmingham jails to protest segregation

Emily Bronte

Wuthering Heights- tortured love story Main Characters: Catherine Earnshaw & Heathcliff A servant in the house of Wuthering Heights tells a traveller the unfortunate tale of lovers Cathy and Heathcliff. The story of unfortunate lovers Heathcliff and Cathy who, despite a deep affection for one another, are forced by circumstance and prejudice to live their lives apart.

Mike Fink

a man in history that ran keelboats up and down the Ohio and Mississippi River

"Gettysburg Address"

a speech given by Abraham Lincoln after the Battle of Gettysburg, in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War; supported the ideals of self-government and human rights "Four score and seven years ago..." "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here..."

regatta

boat or yacht race

Goblin Secrets

by William Alexander; National Book Award winner -story of Rownie, a boy who joins a theatrical troupe of goblins to find his missing brother.

ipso facto

by the fact itself

Casey Jones

famous railroad engineer who died while trying to save his passengers

sent, sens

feel, think

Metonymy

figure of speech in which a thing or concept is not called by its own name, but by the name of something intimately associated with that thing or concept. Examples: Crown. (For the power of a king.) The White House. (Referring to the American administration.) Dish. (To refer an entire plate of food.) Pen. (For the written word.) Hand. (For help.)

pyro-

fire

penta-

five

multi-

many

Slue Foot Sue

married Pecos Bill and rode a fish

Sally M. Walker

non-fiction writer Books: Fossil Fish Found Alive: Discovering the Coelacanth Blizzard of Glass: The Halifax Explosion of 1917 Secrets of a Civil War Submarine- Sibert Medal Written in Bone: Buried Lives of Jamestown and Colonial Maryland

E pluribus unum

out of many, one

al fresco

outside/in the fresh air

hyper-

over, too much

Past Perfect Tense

refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one happened first. ex)I had saved my document before the computer crashed.

Alliteration

repeating consonant sounds at the beginning of words ex) Come and clean your closet. The big bad bear attacked all the little bunnies in the forest.

pashminas

shawls made from fine wool

"The Treasure of Lemon Brown"

short story by Walter Dean Myers Theme: Every man has a treasure. His treasure was old newspapers and a harmonica.

Possessive pronouns

show ownership mine,your, yours, his, hers, its, ours, their, theirs

crepe

small very thin pancake

Vigilante

someone who takes law enforcement into his or her own hands

dolce vita

sweet life

Gib Morgan

tall tail of an oilman; claimed to have drilled a well with an oil rig so big that it had to be hinged to allow the moon to pass. Because it took tool dressers fourteen days to get to the top, he built bunkhouses a day's climb apart on the side of the derrick. In South America, he found his pet, Strickie the Snake, a boa constrictor, so long that Morgan used him as a drilling cable. In the Fiji Islands, Morgan encountered layers of buttermilk, champagne,and sweet cream, but not the essence of peppermint he had been hired to find. He almost made a fortune making ice cream out of the cream, but, by the time he had a factory setup, the cream had soured.

chron-

time

spect

to look at, to watch

tract

to pull or to drag a section of land

-ject

to throw, to cast

collaborate

to work together

scrib, script

to write

-graph, -gram

to write, draw, record

-cracy

type of government

Subjunctive mood

use to express a condition contrary to fact. I WISH that this class were longer.

Past Progressive or Past continuous Tense

used to express interrupted actions in the past ex) I was watching television when the phone rang. or Last night at 7:00 I was having dinner.

( ) Parentheses

used to not interrupt the main sentence (extra information) (in parentheses if it is a sentence make sure inside has its own period)

M. T. Anderson

won the Margaret A.Edwards Award Symphony for the City of the Dead: Dmitri Shostakovich and the Siege of Leningrad- YALSA finalist Trapped between the Nazi invading force and the Soviet government itself was composer Dmitri Shostakovich, who would write a symphony that roused, rallied, eulogized, and commemorated his fellow citizens—the Leningrad Symphony, which came to occupy a surprising place of prominence in the eventual Allied victory. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party- won National Book Award and Printz Honor book The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume 2: The Kingdom on the Waves Feed- National Book Award finalist

Flesh & Blood So Cheap: The Triangle Fire & Its Legacy

written by Albert Marrin; tells the story of Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City which caught on fire. One hundred forty-six people—mostly women—perished because the factory doors stayed locked each day to ensure workers stayed inside.

Andrea Davis Pickney

wrote several books about famous African- Americans Duke Ellington-Caldecott Honor Book; Coretta Scott King Honor Book Let it Shine: Stories of Black Women Freedom Fighters- Coretta Scott King Honor Book Hand in Hand: Ten Black Men Who Changed America- won Coretta Scott King Award; profiles historical figures in the "freedom chain": 1) Benjamin Banneker- amateur astronomer and one of the surveyors of Washington, D.C. 2) Booker T. Washington- advisor to multiple presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community 3) Thurgood Marshall- 1st African-American Supreme Court Justice 4) Malcolm X- Civil Rights leader 5) W. E. B. DuBois- helped found the NAACP 6) A. Phillip Randolph- Civil Rights leader; led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly African-American labor union 7)Frederick Douglas- After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York 8) Jackie Robinson- first African American to play in Major League Baseball; was #42 for Brooklyn Dodgers 9) Martin Luther King, Jr- Civil Rights leader 10) Barack Obama- 44th U.S. President; 1st African-American President

Edgar Allan Poe short stories

"The Murders in the Rue Morgue"- C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women. Considered the 1st modern detective story "The Tell-Tale Heart"- An unnamed narrator opens the story by telling the reader that he is not crazy. He says that he is going to tell a story in which he will defend his sanity, yet confess to having killed an old man. His motivation the fear of the man's pale blue eye. "The Cask of Amontillado"- Montresor decides to seek revenge against a man named Fortunato who has insulted him. He meets Fortunato at a carnival, lures him into the catacombs of his home, and buries him alive. "The Black Cat"- about an alcoholic who tortures and kills his cat, Pluto while drunk. Then, a stray cat that looks almost exactly like the cat he murdered except for a noose mark on its chest follows him home and drives him even more insane

The Whipping Boy

1987 Newbery Medal Author: Sid Fleischman Plot: the story of a friendship that develops between Prince Brat and his whipping boy, Jemmy, who was forced to take punishments for the prince.

The Higher Power of Lucky

2007 Newbery Medal Author: Susan Patron Main character: Lucky, 10 year old girl in the Mojave village of Hard Pan. Plot: After the death of her mother two years ago, and being abandoned by her father, Lucky is in the care of her father's first wife, a French woman named Brigitte. Lucky named her dog after a ship on which Charles Darwin traveled.

Mark Twain

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court Plot: A Yankee engineer from Connecticut named Hank Morgan receives a severe blow to the head and is somehow transported in time and space to England during the reign of King Arthur. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Plot: Tom Sawyer, an orphan, lives with his Aunt Polly and his half-brother Sid. Huckleberry Finn- Tom's friend; Becky Thatcher- Tom's girlfriend; The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Plot: Huck and Jim, an escaped slave, travel the Mississippi River; Duke and Dauphin- 2 con artists trying to steal the Wilks money; Shepherdsons and Grangerfords- feuding families; Silas and Sally Phelps- bought Jim and are Tom's aunt and uncle. At the end of the book, they plan to adopt Huck and "civilize" him. **Sally Phelps and Tom's Aunt Polly were both sisters to Tom's dead mother. The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson- Pudd'nhead Wilson is a Northerner who comes to the small Missouri town of Dawson's Landing to build a career as a lawyer. Roxy, a beautiful slave who is only 1/16 black switches her infant son (Chambers) with the child of her white master (Tom.) "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County- short story; Dan'l Webster is the frog. He ends up losing contest after someone fills him with quail shot so he can't jump.

Linda Sue Park

A Single Shard- 2002 Newbery Medal Main Character: Tree-Ear Plot: Tree-Ear lives under a bridge and learns the secrets of pottery making by working as an apprentice A Long Walk to Water

Maya Angelou

African-American autobiographer and poet I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings; "Still I Rise" "On the Pulse of Morning"- read for Clinton's inauguration

Connotation

All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests

Febold Feboldson

Always tried to help people, tricked frogs into croaking and that brought rain to the Nebraska plains. A lonely Swedish man. Drought Buster. Ended a drought by evaporating lake water that condensed into clouds. Invented the popcorn ball. Brought Death Valley sand to melt the Petrified Snow

Robert Frost

American Poet "Nothing Gold Can Stay"- "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" - miles to go before I sleep "The Road Not Taken" - two roads diverged in a wood; I took the one less traveled by "Birches" "Mending Wall"- good fences make good neighbors "The Death of the Hired Man" "Fire and Ice"

Coyote trickster tale

American Southwest tale; Coyote wanted to fly like the crows, so they humored him by making him feathers and teaching him how to fly. But Coyote's boasting makes the crows angry, and they decide to teach him a lesson. While Coyote's in midair, they remove his feathers one by one, causing him to fall to the ground. His coat remains the color of dust permanently.

Gary Soto

American author and poet "Oranges"- boy on a walk with a girl he likes; goes into a store and the boy offers to buy her something, but doesn't have the money to pay for the chocolate. Salesclerk doesn't say anything and lets him pay a nickel and an orange for the piece of chocolate. "Broken Chain"- Alfonso makes a date with a girl. He takes off his bike chain and breaks it. His brother Ernie won't loan him a bike because of other plans and because Ernie suspects the girl is one that stood him up. In the end, Ernie catches frogs, sees the girl isn't the same one, and offers his brother the bike. Alfonso and the girl ride away on one bike. "Baseball in April" "Too Many Tamales" "A Fire in my Hands."

Nathaniel Hawthorne

American author; writes in Gothic style The Scarlet Letter- Main characters: Hester Prynne- wears an "A" on her chest as punishment for adultery, but by end of book, the townspeople think of it as meaning "able" Arthur Dimmesdale- town minister who has an affair with Hester Roger Chillingsworth- Hester's husband who comes to town under a fake name The House of the Seven Gables: Based on actual house in Salem, Massachusetts; Main characters: Hepzibah Pyncheon- poor lady who owns the house Clifford Pyncheon- Hepzibah's brother who has served 30 years in jail for murder Judge Jaffrey Pyncheon- Hepzibah's wealthy cousin Matthew Maule- original landowner who cursed the Pyncheon family Col. Pyncheon- patriarch of the family who built the home after taking land from Maule; Phoebe- distant cousin of Hepzibah who comes to stay with the family Holgrave- a boarder in the house who is secretly a distant relative of Mathew Maule "Dr. Heidegger's Experiment"- short story about fountain of youth; "Young Goodman Brown" - short story in which a young man who believes he has witnessed a satanic initiation can never see his neighbors the same way again "Rappaccini's Daughter"- short story about a lovely young girl who has been raised in isolation among dangerous poisons "The Minister's Black Veil"- short story about Reverend Hooper. One Sabbath morning, Reverend Hooper delivers a sermon while wearing a black veil. Rumors immediately begin circulating among his Puritan parishioners about his reasons for wearing the veil.

Paul Zindel

American playwright and author; Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds- most successful play; won the Pulitzer; tells the story of Tillie Hunsdorfer who escapes her unhappy home life by conducting science experiments My Darling, My Hamburger The Pigman- deals with love and finding friends in odd places Confessions of a Teenage Baboon

Thornton Wilder

American playwright; Our Town- tells the story of Grover's Corner Main Characters: Stage Manager: not simply a character in the play. As his name suggests, he could be considered a member of the crew staging the play as well. During each act, he frequently interrupts the play's action for the purpose of cueing another scene, providing the audience with pertinent information, or commenting on what has just happened or what is about to happen. George Gibbs- A local baseball star and the president of his senior class in high school Emily Webb- George's girlfriend who becomes his wife; dies and joins the dead souls in the cemetery

Arthur Miller

American playwright; The Crucible- set during Salem witch trials; main characters- John Proctor, Abigail Williams Judge Hathorne, Giles Corey, Reverend Parris, Mary Putnam; allegory for McCarthyism when Senate started accusing actors of being Communist Death of a Salesman- main character Willy Loman; commits suicide so his family could get the life insurance money

Edward Albee

American playwright; Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

Carl Sandburg

American poet "Chicago" - hog butcher of the world "Fog"- fog comes on little cat feet

Tamora Pierce

American writer of fantasy fiction for teenagers, known best for stories featuring young heroines. Song of the Lioness series Immortals series Circle of Magic series Protector of the Small series Circle Opens series Daughter of the Lioness series Circle Forged series Legend of Beka Cooper series Numair Chronicles series

The Water Babies

Author: Charles Kingsley A young chimney sweep named Tom falls into a river

"The Necklace"

Author: Guy de Maupassant Madame Mathilde Loisel borrowed a necklace from a childhood friend to wear to a party. Necklace got lost and she doesn't tell truth. Replaces the necklace at great expense. Takes years to pay off the debt. Sees Madame Forestier later and finds out the original necklace was a fake.

The Turn of the Screw

Author: Henry James gothic ghost story

The Swiss Family Robinson

Author: Johann Wyss A Swiss family headed to Australia goes off course and is shipwrecked in the East Indies. Characters: William- the dad;Elizabeth- the mom; children- Fritz, Ernest, Jack, Franz; the dogs- Turk and Juno; Nips the Monkey, and Fang the Wolf

The Wind in the Willows

Author: Kenneth Grahame Focuses on four anthropomorphised animals: Mole, Ratty, Mr. Toad, and Mr. Badger in England Includes chapters titled "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn," "The Wild Wood," and "The River Bank"

Little House on the Prairie

Author: Laura Ingalls Wilder

Hans Brinker

Author: Mary Mapes Dodge full title: Hans Brinker; or The Silver Skates This novel introduced the sport of Dutch speed skating to Americans; popularized the story of the little Dutch boy who plugs a dike with his finger.

Sarah, Plain and Tall

Author: Patricia MacLachlan 1986 Newbery Medal and Scott O'Dell Award Narrator: Anna, the daughter Plot: Sarah Elisabeth Wheaton comes from Maine to the Kansas prairie to answer Papa's advertisement for a wife and mother.

Melissa Sweet

Balloons over Broadway: The True Story of the Puppeteer of Macy's Parade- 2012 Sibert Medal Won Caldecott Honor in 2009 for her illustrations in A River of Words and in 2015 for The Right Word

Gary Paulsen

Hatchet- Newbery Honor Dogsong- Newbery Honor Woodsong Winterdance The Winter Room- Newbery Honor Harris and Me Short stories: "Stop the Sun"- story in which Terry Erickson's father, a Vietnam veteran, suffers from PTSD

Louisa May Alcott

Little Women Plot: Story about four March sisters (Amy, Jo, Beth, Meg) and their with poverty, duties, and desire to find love. Little Men Plot: Follows Jo March and her life at Plumfield, a home for boys; Dan Kean is a 14 year old orphan who breaks nearly all of Plumfield's rules, but is eventually welcomed back to the school. Invincible Louisa- biography Eight Cousins- Rose Campbell moves from a girl's boarding school to a home bursting with her family members An Old-Fashioned Girl- book centers around Polly Milton who visits the wealthy family of her friend Fanny Shaw in the city and is overwhelmed by their fashionable life they lead and disturbed to see how the family members fail to understand one another and demonstrate little affection. Under the Lilacs- Ben and his trained dog, Sancho, run away from the circus and soon find a warm welcome in a kind community where spirited games are played. Hospital Sketches- It is a lightly fictionalized account of Alcott's six week service as a nurse at a Georgetown hospital during the Civil War.

"Rikki-tikki-tavi"

Rudyard Kipling (Short Story) animal kills another animal

Anansi the Spider

The "Trickster" character from the folk tales of Ghana

Robin McKinley

The Hero and the Crown- 1984 Newbery Medal; -Prequel to The Blue Sword -This story focuses on "Aerin Dragon-Killer," also known as "Aerin Firehair," the heroine who is introduced as a legendary character in The Blue Sword. (She is rumored to be a witch's daughter.) The book narrates Aerin's evolution from the shy, retiring daughter of the King of Damar to the heroic queen who protects her people from the demonic Northerners. The Blue Sword- 1983 Newbery Honor It follows Angharad "Harry" Crewe, a recently orphaned young woman, to a remote military outpost in colonized Damar where her brother is stationed. When she meets Corlath, the mystical king of the Damarian Hillfolk, Harry discovers her own magical powers and a destiny that leads her to save Damar from invasion.

Rudyard Kipling

The Jungle Book- collection of short stories Mowgli, Shere Khan, Baloo "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" Poem- "If"

Colon

a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)

exclamatory sentence

a sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark

Compound sentence

a sentence with two or more independent clauses joined by one or more coordinating conjunctions OR by a semicolon.