Cell Cycle- Final Exam

T or F- The duplication of chromosomes (DNA) occurs in prophase of mitosis.

False (The duplication of chromosomes (DNA) occurs in S phase of interphase.)

The synthesis of a double-stranded chromosome from a single-stranded chromosome is known as _?_. Select one: a. replication b. anaphase c. cell cycle d. prophase

a (replication)

Replication of the chromosomes (DNA) is eukaryotic cells occurs: Select one: a. throughout the cell cycle. b. during S phase of the cell cycle. c. throughout mitosis. d. during G1 phase of the cell cycle. e. during early prohase.

b ( The correct answer is: during S phase of the cell cycle.)

What is the name of the enzyme that "unzips" the DNA molecule during replication? Select one: a. DNA ligase b. DNA helicase c. RNA ligase d. RNA helicase

b (DNA helicase)

How many chromosomes does every cell in the human body have? a. 46 in all the cells b. 46 in the somatic cells and 23 in the sex cells c. 46 in just the skin cells and 45 in the rest d. 46 in the somatic cells and unknown in the sex cells

b (The correct answer is: 46 in the somatic cells and 23 in the sex cells)

The sequence of the cell cycle is: Select one: a. S, G1, G2, mitosis and cytokinesis. b. G1, S, G2 mitosis and cytokinesis c. G2, G1, mitosis, cytokinesis and S. d. cytokinesis, mitosis, G2, S and G1.

b (The correct answer is: G1, S, G2 mitosis and cytokinesis.)

Some spindle fibers: Select one: a. keeps mitochondria away from the dividing nucleus. b. are attached to chromosomes and appear to pull them toward the poles. Correct c. are interphase chromosomes. d. combine to form chromosomes.

b (The correct answer is: are attached to chromosomes and appear to pull them toward the poles.)

The correct order of events in mitosis is: Select one: a. prophase, telophase, anaphase & metaphase. b. prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase. c. anaphase, telophase, metaphase & prophase. d. metaphase, prophase, telophase & anaphase. e. prophase, anaphase, metaphase & telophase.

b (The correct answer is: prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase.)

During cytoplasmic division in plants, vesicles form a flat, membrane-bound space across the equatorial plane that is called the _?_. Select one: a. centromere b. cell plate c. metaphase d. cell cycle

b (cell plate)

Structures that hold chromatids together in double-stranded chromosomes are known as _?_. Select one: a. chromatids b. centromeres c. DNA helicase d. DNA ligase

b (centromeres)

Each strand of a chromosome is known a _?_. Select one: a. centromere b. chromatid c. homolog d. tetrad

b (chromatid)

Transmission of hereditary information is associated with: Select one: a. cilia b. chromosomes c. centromeres d. ribosomes

b (chromosomes)

When a cell with 24 chromosomes divides by mitotic cell division, the resulting offspring cells will each have a maximum chromosome number of: a. 6 b. 12 c. 24 d. 48

c (24)

A graduate student was told to use a light microscope to count the number of chromosomes in the cells of a newly discover species. What phase of the cell cycle would the student have to investigate? Select one: a. G1 b. G2 c. M d. S e. none of these

c (M)

Which statement about cytokinesis is NOT correct? Select one: a. It is alike in plant and animal cells. b. It is the division of the cytoplasm, not the nucleus. c. It usually begins around the telophase. d. It occurs at the midline of the cell. e. In animals, it is completed when the cell membrane reforms.

c (The correct answer is: It is alike in plant and animal cells.)

What is the relationship of microtubules to cell division in modern eukaryotic cells? Select one: a. Microtubules support the plasma memebrane. b. Microtubules support the nuclear memebrane. c. Microtubules form spindle fibers. d. Microtubules do not exist.

c (The correct answer is: Microtubules form spindle fibers.)

What is NOT a part of the error correction sequence for newly replicated DNA? Select one: a. DNA ligase repairs broken DNA strands. b. "Proofreader" enzymes detect and remove incorrect bases. c. The DNA strand is disassembled and the process is repeated. d. Enzymes synthesize a replacement sequence.

c (The correct answer is: The DNA strand is disassembled and the process is repeated.)

The two chromatids of a chromosome separate from each other during: Select one: a. prophase b. telophase c. anaphase d. interpahse e. metaphase

c (The correct answer is: anaphase)

In eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, cell division serves all of the following purposes except: Select one: a. growth b. maintenance Incorrect c. reproduction of new individuals d. repair

c (The correct answer is: reproduction of new individuals)

The separation of sister chromatids is called _?_. Select one: a. nuclear division b. DNA synthesis c. chromosome segregation d. cell cycle

c (chromosome segregation)

The arrangement of the chromosomes along the equator of the cell occurs during which phase of mitosis? Select one: a. cell plate b. telophase c. metaphase d. prophase

c (metaphase)

DNA helicase is an enzyme that splits the DNA molecule for replication activities. During what phase of the cell cycle would a researcher be able to investigate the activity of the enzyme? Select one: a. G1 b. G2 c. M d. S e. none of these

d (S)

During DNA replication, what is (are) the role(s) of DNA polymerases? Select one: a. It corrects errors. b. It proofreads the DNA molecule. c. It connects the nucleotides to form a new hydrogen bond. d. It connects the nitrogen bases to form new hydrogen bonds and proofreads the DNA molecule, then corrects any errors found.

d (The correct answer is: It connects the nitrogen bases to form new hydrogen bonds and proofreads the DNA molecule, then corrects any errors found.)

How does the sequence of bases on one strand of DNA control the sequence of bases on the second strand? Select one: a. The sequence of bases on each strand are not related. b. The sequence of bases on both strands are always identical. c. There is only a single strand in a DNA molecule. d. The adenine molecule can only pair with thymine, and cytosine only with guanine.

d (The correct answer is: The adenine molecule can only pair with thymine, and cytosine only with guanine.)

A biology student was studing various cells under the microscope. She soon noticed that some cells seemed almost to pinch in half during the division. The cells that pinched in half also started to form a membrane before the end of the nuclear division. What type of cells was the student observing? Select one: a. you cannot tell from this description b. cancer cells c. plant cells d. animal tissue cells

d (The correct answer is: animal tissue cells)

During cell division, centrioles occupy positions: Select one: a. on the endoplasmic reticulum. b. on the chromosomes. c. at the center of the spindle. d. at opposite poles of the cell.

d (The correct answer is: at opposite poles of the cell.)

The replication of a double-strand DNA molecule begins when the strands separate at the: Select one: a. phospate bonds b. ribose molecules c. deoxyribose molecules d. hydrogen bonds between paired nucleotides

d (The correct answer is: hydrogen bonds between paired nucleotides)

The sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called _?_. Select one: a. mitosis b. metaphase c. cytokinesis d. cell cycle

d (cell cycle)

The disappearance of the nuclear membrane and the nucleoli occurs during which phase of mitosis? Select one: a. cell cycle b. metaphase c. telophase d. prophase

d (prophase)

t or f- Mitosis is the division of the cell.

false (Mitosis is the division of the nucleus.)

t or f- There are more centromeres as there are chromatids.

false (There are more chromatids as there are centromeres.)

t or f- The cell cycle is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide.

true

t or f- Mitosis produces genetically identical cells.

true (Mitosis produces genetically identical cells)