Cells Unit Exam

________ are lipids that store energy and are typically composed of multiple building blocks containing three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.

Fats

__________ are lipids that store energy and are typically composed of multiple building blocks containing three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.

Fats

In a study of physical endurance, researchers observed significant increases in the heart rates and breathing rates of participants immediately after they engaged in strenuous exercise. Which statement best explaines the increase in the heart rate and the breathing rate during exercise?

Body cells require increased oxygen as energy is expended

Which organelle is critical for cell division?

Centrioles

What type of bond keeps hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in a water molecule?

Covalent Bonds

Why type of bond keeps hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in a water molecule?

Covalent bond

Which of the following best explains the difference between stem cells and differentiated cells?

Differentiated cells have a specific function, where as stem cells do not

Amylase speeds up the reaction in which starch is broken down into glucose. Which kind of molecule is amylase?

Enzyme

Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleotide?

Glycerol

Which of the following is NOT part of the nucleotide?

Glycerol

The cell membrane is an essential part of the cell. Which of these macromolecules make up the cell membrane?

Lipids-specifically phospholipids

Which macromolecule functions in storing and transmitting the instructions to make proteins?

Nucleic Acids

Respiration involves the breakdown of sugar. This process results in the production of energy for the cell. In order for cells to produce the most energy, what gas should be present?

Oxygen

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is accomplished through the attraction of water's partial charges. What is the charge of hydrogens in a water molecule?

Positive

Animals, such as bears, store most of their excess energy reserves as ________, and this is explained because __________.

Protein; it is a compact source of energy as carbohydrates per gram

Which macromolecule is considered the most diverse because it has many purposes within the cell, including facilitating chemical reactions via enzymes?

Proteins

During which phase of the cell cycle does most cell growth occur?

Interphase

This diagram shows a red blood cell in a beaker that contains a solution with higher salt concentration than that inside the red blood cell. What will happen to the red blood cell in this environment?

The red blood cell will shrink from losing water molecules

Two newly divided daughter cells are observed by a scientist. One cell has double the amount of DNA and the other has no DNA in it. Which of the following statements is the most logical explanation of what went wrong?

The spindle fibers did not attach to one side of the chromosomes during anaphase

During the light dependent reactions, sunlight is absorbed. Where in the chloroplast does this occur?

Thylakoid Membrane

What would most likely be produced when a cell with eight chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

Two cells with eight chromosomes each

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

anaphase

Which level of organization forms the fundamental base for all other levels in the hierarchy of life?

cell

Where you can find ribosomes in the cell?

cytoplasm