Cellular Regulation HESI Quiz - Fall 2020

the nurse finds that a client has dysuria, hesitancy, urinary urgency, and leaking. the laboratory reports of the client reveal serum PSA levels of 5 ng/mL and elevated prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels. which disease condition does the nurse suspect? - orchitis - hydrocele - prostatitis - prostate cancer

- prostate cancer

a client with a history of chronic myelogenous leukemia and splenomegaly is admitted to the hospital. what should the nurse expect to identify when completing the admission assessment? - increased urinary output - tender mass in the left upper abdomen - elevated erythrocytes, platelets, and granulocytes - polydipsia, increased appetite, and urinary frequency

- tender mass in the left upper abdomen

which area is the most common for the occurrence of melanoma? - sun-exposed areas - sites of chronic irritation - area of the backs of hands - place where moles are evident

place where moles are evident

a nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer of the prostate. the nurse should teach the client that which serum level will be monitored throughout the course of the disease? - albumin - creatinine - BUN - PSA

- PSA

a nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. what clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the child? select all that apply. - pallor - fatigue - jaundice - multiple bruises - generalized edema

- pallor - fatigue - multiple bruises

when providing care to a 6-year-old child with leukemia, a nurse notes blood on the pillowcase and several bloody tissues. what blood component value on the child's laboratory results should the nurse verify - platelets - neutrophils - erythrocytes - lymphoblasts

- platelets

the nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia care unit. the client has a suprapubic prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place. which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI? - stimulate continuous formation of urine - facilitate the measurement of urinary output - prevent the development of clots in the bladder - provide continuous pressure on the prostatic fossa

- prevent the development of clots in the bladder

a client is diagnosed with Hodgkin disease. which lymph nodes does the nurse expect to be affected first? - cervical - axillary - inguinal - mediastinal

- cervical

a client is admitted with a suspected malignant melanoma on the arm. when performing the physical assessment, what would the nurse expect to find? - large area of petechiae - red birthmark that has recently become lighter in color - brown or black mole with red, white, or blue areas - patchy loss of skin pigmentation

- brown or black mole with red, white, or blue areas

the nurse is teaching a client self-management of skin cancer. which statement made by the client indicates the need for further learning? - "I should use sunscreen when going out" - "I should limit sun exposure to between 7 am and 12 pm" - "I should wear a hat and opaque clothing when going out" - "I should go for a monthly examination of cancerous and precancerous lesions"

- "I should limit sun exposure to between 7 am and 12 pm"

an 11-year-old client is admitted with enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes, fatigue, and low-grade fever. she also has a persistent nonproductive cough. in light of these findings, the nurse knows to gear education toward preparation for which therapies? - IV fluids and nutritional therapy - bloodwork and oxygenation therapy - IV fluids and antibiotic therapy - CT and lymph node biopsy

- CT and lymph node biopsy

the nurse reviews the medical records of four male clients. which client will the nurse assess most closely for developing prostate cancer? - black 55-year-old - white 45-year-old - Asian 55-year-old - Hispanic 45-year-old

- black 55-year-old

which group of clients should the nurse anticipate to have the highest incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma? - children - older adults - young adults - middle-aged persons

- older adults

a client who works in the leather industry complains of a bloody discharge and persistent pain after the treatment of sinusitis. the client has a history of smoking. the nurse suggests the client consult a primary healthcare provider immediately. which risk does the nurse suspect in the client? - epistaxis - facial trauma - fracture of the nose - tumor of the nasal cavity

- tumor of the nasal cavity

while completing an assessment, the nurse finds that a client has decreased thickness and excessive dryness of the epidermis, which clinical finding is associated with this skin assessment? - skin tears - skin cancer - skin fragility - skin hyperplasia

- skin fragility

a young adult male client is undergoing tests to confirm the diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma. the wife states, "don't you think it is unlikely for someone like my husband to have cancer?" the nurse's response is based on what information about Hodgkin lymphoma? - more likely to affect women than men - diagnosed during adolescence and young adulthood - primarily a disease of older rather than younger adults - common among populations of Asian heritage

- diagnosed during adolescence and young adulthood

a farmer seeks medical care for a large crusty patch of skin on the cheek. the client states that even after using different remedies, it still bleeds easily and has not gotten better. from the client's history, the nurse suspects skin cancer. which factor in the client's history helped the nurse form this conclusion? - exposure to radiation - location of the lesion - self-treatment of lesions - contact with soil contaminants

- exposure to radiation

a nurse is performing an assessment on a fifth-grader who has been admitted to the pediatric unit with the diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). what early clinical findings does the nurse expect to identify? - nosebleeds and papilledema - fatigue and ecchymotic areas - abdominal pain and reddened complexion - enlargement of the axillary and groin lymph nodes

- fatigue and ecchymotic areas

a 75-year-old male with a history of cancer of the prostate is admitted for a prostatectomy. the client's prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels have been increasing. this finding should prompt the nurse to include what in the client's plan of care? - measure intake and output - institute seizure precautions - monitor the plasma pH for acidosis - handle the client gently when turning

- handle the client gently when turning

a nurse is obtaining a health history from the parents of a toddler who has recently been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. which early physiologic changes does the nurse expect the parents to report? select all that apply. - pale skin - loss of hair - eating less food - sores in the mouth - purplish spots on the skin

- pale skin - eating less food - purplish spots on the skin

a 4-year-old child is found to have acute lymphoblastic leukemia. one of the patents tells the nurse, "we just had a discussion with our pediatrician about starting chemotherapy, consolidation therapy, and radiation therapy. we're so confused, and we don't know what to do. we want to do what is best for our child, bur we don't want any unnecessary suffering." what is the best response by the nurse? - "there are support groups for parents with children who have leukemia." - "the new treatment protocols have been shown to have excellent results." - "let me get you the telephone number of the Leukemia Society, where you can get some advice." - "maybe you could talk with your healthcare provider about getting a second opinion from a specialist in leukemia."

- "maybe you could talk with your healthcare provider about getting a second opinion from a specialist in leukemia."

a nurse is performing an assessment on a client with probable acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). which clinical manifestation will the nurse expect to be present? - alopecia - insomnia - ecchymosis - hypertension

- ecchymosis

a client has colorectal cancer and is receiving cetuximab. which process does cetuximab inhibit? - proteasome activity - BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase (TK) - anaplastic lymphoma kinase - epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs)

- epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs)

a nurse is assessing a child with leukemia who is undergoing chemotherapy. which side effect does the nurse anticipate? - epistaxis - tachycardia - flushed skin - increased temperature

- epistaxis (nose bleeds)

a nurse plans to take the temperature of a 4-year-old child with a diagnosis of leukemia who has a fever. which thermometers with the most accurate results can the nurse use safely for this child? select all that apply - digital, rectal - electronic, oral - infrared, tympanic - sensor, ear-based - chemical dot, axilla

- infrared, tympanic - chemical dot, axilla

for which clinical manifestation should then nurse assess a client with melanoma? - firm, nodular lesion with a crusty top - irregularly shaped, pigmented papule - small papule with dry, rough brown scale - pearly papule with a central crater and waxy border

- irregularly shaped, pigmented papule

the nurse is performing a skin assessment of a client. which findings may indicate a risk of skin cancer? select all that apply - lesion - lumps - rashes - bruising - dryness

- lesion - lumps - rashes

a client reports a facial lesion that has recently grown and is changing in appearance. the client is on oral methoxsalen. which condition would the nurse expect? - melanoma - actinic keratosis - basal cell carcinoma - photosensitizing effect

- melanoma

a nurse is assessing a 55-year-old client who is experiencing postmenopausal bleeding. the tentative diagnosis is endometrial cancer. which findings in the client's history are risk factors associated with endometrial cancer? select all that apply - obesity - multiparity - cigarette smoking - early onset of menopause - family history of endometrial cancer - previous hormone replacement therapy

- obesity - cigarette smoking - family history of endometrial cancer - previous hormone replacement therapy