CGS2100 Midterm Winston

display's refresh rate

-Videos play best with refresh rates at even multiples of the frame rate. -Describes how fast each pixel in a display is updated -The higher the refresh rate, the smoother the video.

Infrared (IR)

A TV remote usually uses ________ waves.

bit

A ________ is the smallest unit of data that a computer can process.

webcam

A camera that takes photos or streams video into a computer or over the Internet is called a ________.

bus

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a ________.

barcode

A device commonly used for checkout in stores, that measures the reflection of a laser beam, is called a ________ reader.

HDMI port

A high-definition multimedia interface; another type of video port used to connect some monitors, video projectors, and digital TVs.

more

A laptop typically has ________ RAM than a smartphone.

all-in-one

Combining a desktop's power with a clean look, ________ computers are popular with companies. However, their inability to expand makes them less popular with serious gamers.

network, file, web

Common types of servers include

Thermal printer

Commonly used for receipts

slower

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ________ than data from the RAM.

output devices

Devices the computer uses to produce output (ex: monitor, printer).

desktop

Devices with a separate system unit and a relatively large footprint are called ________ computers.

MIDI

Digital music devices are connected to computers using ________ ports.

diagonally

How is screen size measured

video

If you purchase a new graphics computer game or a new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ________ card.

IrDA

Infrared Data Association; standard for devices to transmit data wirelessly to each other via infrared (IR) light waves.

Apple

Lightning connectors and ports are used by which company?

screen's resolution

Measures image quality, Equals the number of pixels in a display

million

Megahertz is the same as a ________ cycles (or instruction) per second.

C, C++

Most of the PC games were written in

NFC

Near field communication; a short-range, wireless communication standard. NFC is being used to support contactless payment and transactions over NFC-equipped mobile devices.

Connector

On a cable, the connector is the end that connects to a port.

OMR

Optical Mark Reader, #2 pencils for scantron

OLED

Organic light emitting diode. allows for paper thin displays

Amazon Kindle Fire, Apple ipod

Popular Personal Media Players (PMP's) include which two of the following devices?

Peta, Tera, Giga, Mega, Kilo

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Start with the highest capacity first.

Storage

Saving a file to the cloud

Command+Shift+3

Screenshot

Bluetooth

Since its radio waves pass through walls or desktops, ________-capable devices are very popular.

thumb drives (USB or flash drives)

Since they are low-priced and reliable, ________ storage devices are extremely popular.

Active pixel scanner

Smartphone cameras work by focusing incoming light onto this type of array

ASCII

Some computers use ________ to represent characters in a binary format.

speech rhythms, voice pitch/frequency

Speech recognition software uses which of the following characteristics?

peripherals

Term for computer add-ons like printers, mice, keyboards, scanners, monitor.

clock

The ________ speed of the processor dictates the number of instructions that CPU can process per second.

dot pitch

The distance between each pixel.

CMOS

The flash memory chips that store a computer's startup information frequently use this kind of technology

not saved

The information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ________ when a computer is shut down.

HDMI

The most popular digital graphics transfer protocol. Used to plug into newer monitors, TVs, and projectors.

frame rate

The number of frames recorded per second

L1

The processor directly houses the ________ cache.

video conferencing

The technology that uses cameras, microphones, displays, speakers, and software to allow users to both see and hear each other

MIDI

This technology allows musicians to create written sheet music simply by playing an instrument.

USB

This type of connector is the most common type of connection to a computer for peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.).

Unicode

Today, many computers use ________, a coding scheme that uses at least 16 bits to represent a character.

USB

Universal Serial Bus. A type of connection used to attach devices such as flash drives, scanners, cameras, and printers to a computer.

Plotter

Used for drafting or blueprints

Inkjet printer

Uses ink cartridges

Laser printer

Uses toner cartridges

Full operating system, touchscreen

What are some characteristics of a 2-in-1 computer?

hertz

What is equal to one cycle per second?

4 GB

What is the minimum amount of RAM you should have on a laptop?

Dell desktop computer

Which of the following could have a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Intel, Nvidia, AMD

Who are the three biggest computer processor manufacturers?

Wi-Fi

Wireless local area network that uses radio signals to transmit data

reasons to buy tablet computer

You need a computer that you can use while walking, You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading ebooks or for online gaming.

Overclocking

________ runs the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer. This can increase performance and speed, but will also void the manufacturer warranty.

Port

a slot or hole that matches the cord or expansion card being connected to the port

sampling rate

accuracy of digital recording

USB

allows for data transfer between devices and for devices to be electrically charged

3D printing

also known as additive manufacturing.also known as additive manufacturing.

CTRL+B

bold

Blu-ray

capacity of up to 50 GB (per side)

CD

capacity of up to 700 MB

DVD

capacity of up to 8.5 GB

USB port

common to attach peripherals

CTRL+C

copy

PPM

describes printer speed

LCD display

display used by most laptops, tablets, and smartphones

toner

drawn to the drum to create an image with laser printer

input devices

enable the user to input data and commands into the computer

popular video teleconferencing

facetime, skype, google hangouts

maintaining

final step in the SDLC, one system audit and one assessment stage

characteristics of a 2-in-1 computer

full operating system, touch screen monitortouch

L3 cache

memory located adjacent to the processor

L1 cache

memory located directly on the processor itself

Disk cache

memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

high-definition displays

most common HD format is 1080p -ultra HD (4K) uses about four times as many pixels as 1080p displays -ratio 16:9

SSD characteristics

no moving parts, extremely fast

color depth

or "bit depth" The number of colors per pixel that can be contained in an image, measure of accuracy of color in each pixel

RFID

radio frequency identification, similar to barcodes

the colors to create pixels on most output devices.

red,blue,green

CTRL+A

select all

MEMS chip

tech that allows phones/microphones/hearing aids to be so small

resolution in output devices

the number of pixels in a display, quality of the image

contrast ratio

the relationship between the brightest object and the darkest object in the television picture

Thunderbolt

the type of port commonly found on Mac laptops

CTRL+X

to cut

Command+F

to find

CTRL+Z

to undo

optical and digital

types of ways to focus on distant objects in photography

main ways to detect fingerprints

ultrasonic, capacitance, optical

thermal printers

used for receipts, apply heat to special thermal paper, turning select areas black to produce text and basic graphics.

pseudocode

word that defines an intermediate step in generating a flowchart algorithm.