Ch 10 pharm general anesthetics

Approximately 15% of halothane is metabolized in the liver, and these metabolites have been suggested as a cause of renal damage a. first is true second is false b. both false c. both true d. first is false second is true

Both parts of the statement are true.

Which of the following types of agents is used during balanced general anesthesia to help the patient pass from stage 1 to stage 3 and skip over the signs of stage 2 a. ketamine b. propofol c. ultrashort acting intravenous barbiturate d. opioids

c

Which of the following dental specialists is most likely to use general anesthetic drugs in their offices? a. prosthodontist b. endodontist c. oral and maxillofacial surgeon d. orthodontist e. pediatric dentist

c. oral and maxillofacial surgeon

The following are characteristics of propofol except which one? a. rapid onset of action b. produces little vomiting c. undergoes phase 2 metabolism in the liver d. intravenous anesthetic e. structurally related to barbiturates

e. structurally related to barbiturates

The less soluble the anesthetic is in the body tissues, the more rapid the select all apply a. onset b. breathing rate c. heart rate d. recovery

a and d

Nitrous oxide combined with oxygen has become a primary part of dental office _____ procedures a. anxiety reduction b. general anesthesia c. sleep apnea d. bruxism

a. anxiety reduction

Nitrous oxide, as used in the dental office, maintains the patient on stage _____ of Guedel system of stages and planes a. one b. two c. three d. four

a. stage 1

recovery from a single intravenous dose of thiopental (sodium pentothal) is the result of a. drug excretion b. drug redistribution c. drug metabolism d. enzyme induction

b. Drug redistribution

Which of the following intravenous general anesthetic agents can be administered intramuscularly? a. Methohexital b. Ketamine c. Diazepam d. propofol

b. Ketamine (Ketalar)

Diffusion hypoxia may occur if insufficient 100% oxygen is delivered at the termination of a nitrous oxide procedure because: a. the lungs are insufficient b. the loss of carbon dioxide could decrease ventilation c. nitrous oxide is highly soluble in blood d. nitrous oxide has a slow onset and recovery

b. The loss of carbon dioxide could decrease ventilation.

which of the following effects is not a characteristic of the action of ketamine? a. produces dissociative anesthesia b. causes xerostomia c. increased cardiac output d. causes recovery associated with delirium and hallucinations

b. causes xerostomia

Nitrous oxide is contradicted for use in a patient with which of the following conditions? a. diabetes b. emphysema c. hypertension d. glaucoma e. none of the above

b. emphysema

Nitrous Oxide has ____ onset and ____ solubility in blood a. rapid, high b. rapid, low c. slow, high d. slow, low

b. rapid, low

which of the following is the major disadvantage of the use of opioids as an adjunctive drug to general anesthesia in pre anesthetic medication? a. hypertensive crisis b. respiratory depression c. hallucinations d. salivary stimulation

b. respiratory depression

What are the goals of surgical anesthesia select all apply a. good patient control b. adequate muscle relaxation c. reduced respiratory rate d. reduced cardiac output e. pain relief

c and e

The average percentage of nitrous oxide required for patient comfort is a. 10% b. 25% c. 35% d. 50%

c. 35%

The loss of respiratory control (i.e., diminished carbon dioxide response, paralysis of intercostal muscles) first occurs during which stage of anesthesia? a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 3 d. stage 4

c. Stage III

According to Guedel's description of the stages and planes of anesthesia, the induction period refers to: a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 1 and 2 d. stages 1, 2, and 3 e. non are correct

c. Stages I and II

Which of the following general anesthetic agents was introduced in the middle 1800's and led to a dramatic reduction in surgically related mortality a. propofol b. isoflurane c. ether d. nitrous oxide

c. ether

The best indicator of the degree of sedation under nitrous oxide is a. response to a painful stimulus b. percent nitrous oxide being delivered c. response to questions d. muscle tone e. eye movements

c. response to questions

a patient for whom nitrous oxide is to be administered should be warned to avoid eating a large meal within ____ hours of the appointment a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

d. 5