Ch. 10 Practice Questions

The blood type that contains both antigens A and B is __________. a. AB b. A c. B d. O pg. 351

a. AB

Normal whole blood contains ________ g of hemoglobin per 100 mL. a. 4-8 b. 12-18 c. 15-20 d. 30-35 e. 42-48 pg. 341

b. 12-18

Blood normally clots in approximately ____________. a. 1 minute b. 3 to 6 minutes c. 5 to 10 minutes d. 15 minutes e. 30 minutes pg. 348

b. 3 to 6 minutes

Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________to________. a. 7.1-7.2 b. 7.35-7.45 c. 7.6-7.75 d. 7.85-8.05

b. 7.35-7.45

The average functional lifespan of an RBC is _________. a. 20-30 days b. 50-75 days c. 100-120 days d. one year e. the body's lifetime pg. 345

c. 100-120 days

Which blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient" since it can receive blood types A, B, AB, and O? a. A b. B c. AB d. O pg. 351

c. AB

This blood type that has no antigens. a. blood type A b. blood type AB c. blood type O pg. 351

c. blood type O

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished? a. vascular spasms b. formation of a platelet plug c. coagulation d. erythropoiesis e. agglutination pg. 347-348

c. coagulation

Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1. basophil 2. eosinophil 3. lymphocyte 4. monocyte 5. neutrophil a. 1,2,3,4,5 b. 3,4,5,1,2 c. 5,3,2,4,1, d. 5,2,3,1,4 e. 5,3,4,2,1 pg. 343

e. 5, 3, 4, 2, 1

Which of these blood types carries no antigens? a. blood type A b. blood type B c. blood type AB d. blood types A, B, and AB e. blood type O pg. 351, 352

e. blood type O

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes? a. neutrophil b. monocyte c. lymphocyte d. basophil e. eosinophil pg. 343, 344

e. eosinophil

Blood is _________. a. acidic b. cooler than body temperature c. sweet tasting d. composed mostly of white blood cells and platelets e. slightly alkaline pg. 338

e. slightly alkaline

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during cagulation? a. thrombin b. prothrombin c. fibrin d. albumin pg. 338, 347-348

fibrin

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood? a. erythrocyte b. eosinophil c. platelet d. basophil e. lymphocyte pg. 340

a. erythrocyte

What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production? a. erythropoietin b. thrombopoietin c. colony stimulating factors (CSFs) d. interleukins

a. erythropoietin

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the __________. a. hematocrit b. buffy coat c. hemoglobin d. plasma

a. hematocrit

Excess numbers of these cells cause leukocytosis. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 342

a. leukocyte

Granulocytes and agranulocytes are classified as types of these cells. a. leukocytes b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 343

a. leukocyte

Both platelets and erythrocytes are anucleate. a. true b. false pg. 343

a. true

Calcium ions are necessary for coagulation to properly occur during hemostasis. a. true b. false pg. 347

a. true

Cross matching prevents transfusions reactions by testing for agglutination between donor and recipient blood prior to the transfusion. a. true b. false pg. 352

a. true

Erythrocytes make up the majority of the formed elements. a. true b. false pg. 338, 340

a. true

Megakaryocytes are classified as agranulocytes since they lack visible granules in the cytoplasm. a. true b. false pg. 340, 342

a. true

Erythropoietin is released to stimulate platelet production in response to inadequate amounts of oxygen in the blood. a. true b. false pg. 345

b. false

Polycythemia arises from an excess or abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells. a. true b. false pg. 341

b. false

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________. a. agranulocytes b. granulocytes c. thrombocytes d. megakaryocytes

b. granulocytes

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocyte? a. albumin b. hemoglobin c. granules d. mitochondria

b. hemoglobin

What part of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen? a. albumin b. hemoglobin c. fibrinogen d. mitochondria e. thrombin pg. 340

b. hemoglobin

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder? a. polycythemia b. hemophilia c. leukocytosis d. leukopenia e. anemia pg. 348

b. hemophilia

Erythrocytes ________. a. possess lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules b. lack a nucleus and most organelles c. are the least common of all formed elements d. travel by diapedesis through the walls of vessels e. clot blood pg. 340

b. lack a nucleus and most organelles

The blood type that forms both anti-A and anti-B antibodies. a. blood type A b. blood type AB c. blood type O pg. 351

c. blood type O

Type of cell fragment involved in hemostasis. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 345

c. platelet

Where does hematopoiesis occur to produce new red blood cells? a. yellow bone marrow b. articular cartilage c. red bone marrow d. epiphyseal line e. synovial membrane pg. 345

c. red bone marrow

An immature RBC which still contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n) _________. a. megakaryocyte b. hemocytoblast c. reticulocyte d. agranulocyte e. granulocyte pg 345

c. reticulocyte

A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the _________. a. antigen b. growth factor c. interleukin d. fibrinogen e. agglutination pg. 349

a. antigen

Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called ______________. a. antigens b. antibodies c. formed elements d. megakaryocytes pg. 349

a. antigens

The blood type that possesses the A antigen only. a. blood type A b. blood type AB c. blood type O pg. 351

a. blood type A

Which blood type contains the A antigen only? a. blood type A b. blood type B c. blood type AB d. blood type A and AB e. blood type O pg. 351

a. blood type A

These formed elements number 4,800 to 10,800 cells/mm3 of blood. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 342

a. leukocyte

Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a(n) _________. a. megakaryocyte b. erythrocyte c. reticulocyte d. monocyte

a. megakaryocyte

Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes? a. neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils b. lymphocytes and monocytes c. eosinophils and monocytes d. basophils and lymphocytes e. neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils pg. 343-344

a. neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________. a. positive b. sensitive c. negative d. compatible pg. 351

a. positive

All formed elements arise from a common type of stem cell called a hemocytoblast. a. true b. false pg. 345

a. true

Normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45? a. true b. false pg. 338

a. true

Rh-related problems occur in pregnant Rh- woman carrying an Rh+ baby. a. true b. false pg. 351-352

a. true

The life span of a red blood cell is 100 to 120 days. a. true b. false pg. 345

a. true

The primary job of erythrocytes is to transport oxygen. a. true b. false pg. 340

a. true

Unlike erythrocytes, leukocytes contain a nucleus and the usual complement of organelles including the mitochondria. a. true b. false pg. 340, 342

a. true

Vascular spasms, a part of process of hemostasis, limit blood loss during blood vessel injury. a. true b. false pg. 347

a. true

The blood type that can receive blood types B and AB. a. blood type A b. blood type AB c. blood type O pg. 351

b. blood type AB

Which ions are essential for blood clotting to occur? a. sodium b. calcium c. iodine d. potassium e. hydrogen pg. 347

b. calcium

The formation of an insoluble clot during hemostasis is termed ______________. a. agglutination b. coagulation c. hematopoiesis d. positive chemotaxis e. diapedesis pg. 348

b. coagulation

What is the name of the process by which white blood cells move in and out of blood vessels? a. diffusion b. diapedesis c. amoeboid motion d. positive chemotaxis

b. diapedesis

Excess of these cells cause polycythemia. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 341

b. erythrocyte

Immature form of this cell is called a reticulocyte. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 345

b. erythrocyte

Type of cell produced in response to erythopoietin. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 345

b. erythrocyte

Type of cell that averages 5 million cells/mm3 of blood. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 340

b. erythrocyte

Type of cell that is shaped like a biconcave disc. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 340

b. erythrocyte

Blood type A can receive a transfusion from blood types A and AB during a transfusion. a. true b. false pg. 351

b. false

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as __________. a. petechiae b. hemophilia c. aplastic anemia d. thrombocytopenia pg. 349

b. hemophilia

A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition? a. leukopenia b. leukocytosis c. polycythemia d. anemia

b. leukocytosis

The most numerous of the white blood cells are the ________. a. lymphocytes b. neutrophils c. eosinophils d. monocytes e. basophils pg. 343

b. neutrophils

The matrix of blood is called _______. a. buffy coat b. plasma c. erythrocytes d. lymphocytes e. formed elements pg. 338

b. plasma

Life at a high altitude, where less oxygen is available, can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as _________. a. anemia b. polycythemia c. luekocytosis d. leukemia

b. polycythemia

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present? a. aplastic anemia b. sickle cell anemia (SCA) c. pernicious anemia d. polycythemia e. hemolytic anemia pg. 341-342

b. sickle cell anemia (SCA)

What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteis into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation? a. PF3 b. thrombin c. tissue factor d. prothrombin e. calcium pg. 347

b. thrombin

What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump? a. hemostasis b. coagulation c. agglutination d. clotting cascade e. hemolysis pg. 349

c. agglutination

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs. a. coagulation b. hematopoiesis c. agglutination d. alkalosis pg. 349

c. agglutination

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is _______. a. thyroglobulin b. fibrin c. albumin d. glucose

c. albumin

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________. a. polycythemia b. leukemia c. anemia d. leukocytosis

c. anemia

What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets? a. erythrocyte b. eosinophil c. basophil d. magakaryocyte e. macrophage pg. 343

d. magakaryocyte

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called __________. a. hemolytic disease of the newborn b. pernicious anemia c. sickle cell trait (SCT) d. physiologic jaundice pg. 353

d. physiologic jaundice

What does treatment of hemophilia often involve? a. transfusion of plasma and vitamin K supplements b. injections of missing clotting factors and vitamin b12 injections c. vitamin K supplements only d. transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor e. vitamin K supplements and vitamin B12 injections pg. 349

d. transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive? a. blood type A b. blood type B c. blood type AB d. blood type O e. blood types A, B, AB, or O pg. 351

d. blood type O

The two major groups of white blood cells are __________. a. leukocytes and erythrocytes b. platelets and megakaryocytes c. neutrophils and basophils d. granulocytes and agranulocytes e. granulocytes and leukocytes pg. 343

d. granulocytes and agranulocytes

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called _________. a. hematopoiesis b. erythropoiesis c. homeostasis d. hemostasis

d. hemostasis

Jordan works in a hematology lab and processed a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells/mm3 of blood for a patient. He suspects this patient has a bacterial infection leading to ________. a. sickle cell anemia (SCA) b. polycythemia c. anemia d. leukocytosis e. leukopenia pg. 342

d. leukocytosis

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as ____________.. a. leukocytosis b. anemia c. thrombocytopenia d. leukopenia

d. leukopenia

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________. a. 5% b. 10% c. 20% d. 30% e. 50% pg. 349

d. 30%

The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is __________. a. A b. B c. AB d. O e. AO pg. 351

d. O

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is __________. a. serotonin b. interleukin c. agglutinin d. RhoGAM e. fibrinogen pg. 352

d. RhoGAM

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ______. a. an embolus b. polycythemia c. hemophilia d. a thrombus e. leukopenia pg. 348

d. a thrombus

Hemolysis most likely will occur when __________. a. any Rh negative person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh positive b. any person receives blood type O during a transfusion c. an Rh positive person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh negative d. an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive e. platelets cling to the ruptured endothelium of a blood vessel pg. 351

d. an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) __________. a. AB, B b. B, O c. A, B, AB, O d. B, O, AB pg.351-352

b. B, O

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain _________. a. a biconcave shape b. a nucleus and most organelles c. the ability to transport both oxygen and carbon dioxide d. the iron-containing molecule called hemoglobin e. cytoplasm pg. 342

b. a nucleus and most organelles

Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from _________. a. bone marrow disorders b. accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells c. a diseased gallbladder that needs to be removed d. erythrocyte mutations e. vitamin deficiencies pg. 353

b. accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells

Which type of granulocyte releases histamine at sites of inflammation? a. eosinophils b. basophils c. neutrophils d. lymphocytes e. monocytes pg. 343, 344

b. basophils

What is blood serum? a. formed elements and plasma b. blood plasma minus the clotting protein c. blood plasma minus vitamin K d. erythrocytes and leukocytes e. leukocytes and platelets pg. 348

b. blood plasma minus the clotting proteins

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter? a. blood types a and B will coagulate during a transfusion b. mothers cannot donate blood to their daughters c. blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with Molly's type A blood. d. blood transfusions cannot be performed among relatives e. only fathers can donate blood to their daughters pg. 349, 351

c. blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with Molly's type A blood.

The most common blood type. a. blood type A b. blood type AB c. blood type O pg. 351

c. blood type O

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called __________. a. blood typing b. transfusion reaction c. cross matching d. hemolysis e. hemodialysis pg. 352

c. cross matching

What stem cell gives rise to all formed elements? a. lymphoid stem cell b. megakaryocyte c. hemocytoblast d. myeloid stem cell e. reticulocyte pg. 345

c. hemocytoblast

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called ___________. a. hemophilia b. thrombus c. hemolytic disease of the newborn d. physiologic jaundice pg. 352

c. hemolytic disease of the newborn

In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________. a. leukocytes and erythrocytes b. platelets and erythrocytes c. leukocytes and platelets d. erythrocytes only e. leukocytes only pg. 338

c. leukocytes and platelets

Which organ is largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors? a. pancreas b. thyroid c. liver d. spleen e. kidneys pg. 348-349

c. liver

Cell fragments that form from the rupture of a megakaryocyte. a. leukocyte b. erythrocyte c. platelet pg. 343

c. platelet

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis? a. platelet plug formation, coagulation, vascular spasms b. vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation c. coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation d. vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation e. coagulation, platelet plug formation, vascular spasm pg. 347

d. vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant? a. to enhance hematopoiesis b. to inhibit release of eryhtropoietin c. to enhance the formation of clots d. to increase vascular spasms e. to inhibit the formation of clots pg. 348

e. to inhibit the formation of clots

Placing pressure on a cut will constrict blood vessels manually, and encourages ___________. a. platelet plug formation b. the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin d. coagulation e. vascular spasms pg. 347

e. vascular spasms

Bleeding disorders can result from the lack of _________. a. vitamin b12 b. vitamin a c. vitamin c d. vitamin d e. vitamin k pg. 349

e. vitamin k