ch 11

true of false: only women are affected by gender stratification

false

research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation _______ at infancy in early adolescence in early adulthood in late adulthood

in early adolescence

one main issue in studying global social inequalities is:

social inequality is relative and therefore difficult to compare across cultures

one flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize

that previously low income nations such as china have successfully developed their economies and can non longer be classified as deaden on core nations

true or false; a person's sex as determined by his or her biology does not always correspond with his or her gender

true

Areas that once had vast economic growth and large amounts of industry, but are now suffering from the effects of outsourcing are going through a period of: a. Industrialization b. Deindustrialization c. Industrialization transition d. Post-industrialization

Deindustrialization

Elisa graduated from college with a double major and was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa society. She was then offered a job in New York where she worked 12 hours a day and produced excellent results. Within two years she had over 100 employees working under her. Elisa's hard work was rewarded with a raise and a bonus. This form of promotion is based on the principles of: a. A meritocracy b. A democracy c. A caste system d. A closed stratification system

A meritocracy

88 million people love on less than $1.00 a day. these people are said ti be living in

absolute poverty

what is Kinsey scale ?

a six point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation

which of the following scenarios is an example of intergenerational mobility?

an executive belongs to a different class than her parents

Slavery in the pre-Civil War American South most closely resembled

chattel slavery

How is global stratification different from social stratification? a. Global stratification only examines environmental inequalities among nations while social stratification examines inequalities among people. b. Global stratification can only measure the inequalities among purely democratic states, while social stratification can be expanded to apply to people in any country in the world. c. Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals. d. Countries cannot move up and down the global stratification ladder, unlike people who can use social mobility to climb or fall down the social stratification ladder.

Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility? a. How well off your parents are. b. How much education you have. c. How many jobs you work. d. How much you spend on your personal appearance.

How much education you have.

What factor makes caste systems closed?

People cannot change their social standings.

Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thoughts come? a. Conflict Theory b. Structural Functionalism c. Cyberfeminism d. Symbolic Interactionism

Structural Functionalism

What Western country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex?

Sweden

a person who is biologically female but identifies with make gender and has undergone surgery to alter his body is considered?

transexual

Maya is a 12-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty.

absolute

Chase grew up wanting to wear his sister's dresses over his brother's pants and button up shirts. When Chase turns 18, he decides to begin living as woman, though he's still only sexually attracted to women. He decides he doesn't want to undergo surgery. Chase is: A. Transgender B. Bisexual C. Transsexual D. Homophobic

transgender

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy.

conflict theory

dependency theories explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that :

core nations exploit peripheral nations

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers:

do not feel connected to their work

in the united Staes most people define themselves as

middle class

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy.

modernization

which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization school-aged children?

peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles

GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure: a. The standard of living in a country. b. The average level of education per person in a country. c. The amount of inflation affecting a country's currency. d. The average global interest rates for loans.

the standard of living in a country.

what factors makes class systems open?

they allow for movement between classes