ch 14 review questions

Which of the following structures protect the brain by preventing the movement of harmful substances and pathogens from the blood into the brain tissue?

BBB

Which statement is true regarding cranial nerves?

They are part of PNS

Which of the following statements best describes the structure of the blood-brain barrier that provides its functional characteristics?

Tight junctions tightly seal endothelial cells of capillaries in the brain.

Which cranial nerve in the diagram innervates the lateral rectus muscle?

abducens

Which fingerlike projections found in the dural venous sinuses reabsorb cerebrospinal fluid?

arachnoid villi

Which of the following types of tracts are used to conduct nerve impulses between gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere?

association tracts

White matter that conducts impulses between gyri in the left cerebral hemisphere are

association tracts

Which three areas of gray matter found in each cerebral hemisphere are important in helping to control the initiation and termination of skeletal muscle movements?

basal nuclei

Cerebrospinal fluid carries small amounts of chemicals like glucose from the _____ to neurons and neuroglia.

blood

Which of the following are NOT controlled by the hypothalamus?

blood calcium concentration

Which part of the brain is associated with ten of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves?

brainstem

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for speech?

broca's

This major portion of the brain is used to monitor movements initiated by the motor areas of the cerebrum.

cerebellum

Cerebral spinal fluid is produced in which structure(s)?

choroid plexus

Which of the following are networks of capillaries that produce cerebrospinal fluid and are found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain?

choroid plexuses

A projection tract is one which:

consists of axons that conduct nerve impulses to or from the cerebrum

Which of the following is a function of the basal nuclei?

control subconscious contraction of skeletal muscles, influence attention, memory and planning, help initiate and terminate movements, assist in regulating emotional behaviors

Which of the following structures conducts nerve impulses between the two different hemispheres of the cerebrum?

corpus callosum

Which drains venous blood from the brain and delivers it to the internal jugular veins?

dural venous sinuses

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has an autonomic motor function primarily involved in the secretion of saliva and tears?

facial

Which of the following cranial nerves is primarily responsible for changing facial expressions?

facial

The central sulcus of the cerebrum separates the

frontal lobe and parietal lobe

Which statement is false in reference to the cranial meninges?

have three layers of dura mater

Damage to which portion of the limbic system results in loss of memory of recent events and difficulty committing anything new to memory?

hippocampus

Which brain structure is responsible for the "startle reflex" in response to loud sounds?

inferior colliculus (visual - superior)

Blood flows to the brain through the _____ arteries and away from the brain through the _____ vein.

internal carotid and vertebral ; internal jugular

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

it consists mainly of gap junctions

Which statement is NOT true about the indicated region? (medulla)

it contains nuclei for equilibrium and movements of the eyeball

Which of the following is true of the thalamus?

it is part of the diencephalon

Which statement about the cerebellum is true?

its prime function is to 'fine tune' motor function

Which of the following is a fluid-filled cavity located in each hemisphere of the cerebrum?

lateral ventricle

flow of CSF

lateral ventricle, interventricular foramen, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, lateral aperature, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villus, and dural sinus

Which component of the brain is referred to as the "emotional brain" as it plays primary role in a wide range of emotions?

limbic system

A deep indentation found along the medial plane that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the

longitudinal fissure

From which brain vesicle does the medulla oblongata develop?

myelencephalon

The primary visual area is located in which lobe of the brain?

occipital lobe

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has an autonomic motor function primarily involved in near vision accommodation and constriction of the pupil?

oculomotor

Anosmia may result from head injuries in which the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone is fractured. This condition results in impaired function of which cranial nerve in the diagram

olfactory

Which of the following cranial nerves carries sensory information coming from the nasal cavity to the olfactory area of the cerebrum?

olfactory

Which of the following is a branch of the trigeminal (V) nerve?

opthalmic, maxillae, mandibular

Which cranial nerve in the diagram is primarily involved in the sense of vision?

optic

The brain requires an almost continuous supply of

oxygen and glucose

Which region of the brain contains the pontine respiratory group and apneustic areas that help control respiration?

pons

Which statement best describes the location of the cerebellum?

posterior to brainstem and inferior to cerebrum

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for conscious movements of the body?

primary motor area

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for sensing body touch and temperature?

primary somatosensory

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for vision?

primary visual area

The hypothalamus

produces hormones plays a major role in regulating homeostasis, visceral activity and temperature regulates certain emotions like rage, sexual arousal, aggression, pain and pleasure regulates eating and drinking behavior

The thalamus

relays sensory information to correct regions of the cerebral hemispheres, relays motor information from the cerebellum and basal ganglia to the cerebrum, plays a role in consciousness, consists of a pair of oval masses

Functions of the cerebellum include

smooth and coordinate skilled muscle activity detect problems in carrying out voluntary muscle activity and correct them regulation of balance and posture

Which of the following is a nucleus found in the midbrain that releases dopamine?

substantia nigra

Which area is responsible for the head and eye movement in response to visual stimuli?

superior colliculus

filum terminale

support

Which region of the brain serves as the major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord and brain stem?

thalamus (everything but smell)

Which statement is true?

the lateral cerebral sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe

the indicated region is

the subarachnoid space

Which of the following is a narrow fluid-filled cavity found along the midline superior to the hypothalamus and between the right and left halves of the thalamus?

third ventricle

ventricle in thalamus

third ventricle

Cranial nerve V is also known as the _____ nerve.

trigeminal

The maxillary branch of this labeled cranial nerve is found in the area where dentists apply anesthetic drugs for numbing the upper jaw.

trigeminal

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has a somatic motor function primarily involved in chewing?

trigeminal

Which cranial nerve in the diagram causes heart rate to decrease?

vagus

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for regulating visceral activity?

vagus

Pyramids are

white matter protrusions found on the medulla oblongata.