CH 15 Defense Mechanisms of the Gingiva

Composition of sulcular fluid

-Individual proteins -Metabolites -Specific antibodies -Antigens -Enzymes of several specificities -Cellular elements: •Bacteria •Desquamated epithelial cells •Leukocytes

Which of the following provides active responses to maintain gingival health?

-Saliva -The immune response -The epithelial surface (All of the options is the answer)

Sulcular fluid, or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), contains an array of which of the following?

-Bacteria -Biologic mediators -Cells (All of the options is the answer)

Saliva has several important properties, including which of the following?

-Chemical -Mechanical -Immunologic (All of the options is the answer)

Which of the following is a hallmark of xerostomia?

Dry mouth

Compared to blood levels, GCF has three to four times more of which of the following?

Glucose

Which of the following salivary components provides lubrication?

Glycoproteins and mucoids

Which of the following methods can be used to study gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from clinically normal gingiva?

Intracrevicular washings

Which of the following salivary components provides antibacterial action?

Lactoperoxidase

Which of the following methods permits the collection of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by capillarity?

Micropipettes

Which of the following is the major enzyme found in saliva?

Parotid amylase

Which of the following does not increase the amount of GCF production?

Trauma from occlusion

Substances that have been shown to penetrate the sulcular epithelium include:

albumin, endotoxin, thymidine, histamine, phenytoin, and horseradish peroxidase

The majority of GCF elements detected thus far have been _____, but there are nonenzymatic substances as well.

enzymes

What is the main function of salivary buffers?

pH maintenance

Sulcular fluid methods of collection: -Scarcity of material from sulcus -Multiple methods:

•Absorbing paper strips •Placement of twisted threads around and into sulcus •Micropipettes •Intracrevicular washings •Limitations to all methods