Ch. 15 Russia and the Republics

Lake Baikal is called the

"Jewel of Siberia". 20% of the world's fresh water

Region has a layer of permafrost that can reach depths of _ ft.

1,500

How much of the earth's land surface does Russia cover?

1/6 of the earth's land surface.

the North. Euro. Plain stretches over _ mi. from the west. border of _ to the _ Mountains.

1000, Russia, Ural

How many time zones does Russia cross?

11 times zones.

Kamchatka Peninsula has _ _, _ still active.

120 volcanoes, 20

Lake Baikal is home to _ unique _ and _ species. (world's only freshwater _)

1200, plant, animal, seal

still claimed by

Japan

_ _ Canal also takes water from the rivers.

Kara Kum

two large deserts

Kara Kum (in Turkmenistan) and Kyzyl Kum (in Uzbekistan)

"stan" republics consists of

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

Transcaucasia has moist _ air creates _ climate.

Mediterranean, subtropical

Links _ to _.

Moscow, Vladivostok

Both _ and _ found that conquering Russia was harder than they thought.

Napoleon and Hitler

More than 75% of people on the

Northern European Plain

what's the dominant landform region of Russia? (takes up most land)

Northern European Plain

Ural Mounts. separate the

Northern European Plain from the Western European Plain.

_ and _ have polluted the waters; increases _.

Pesticides, fertilizers, diseases

the Russian European Plain connects t0

Poland and Northern Germany Plains.

what's the largest country in the world?

Russia

the Caucasus Mounts. are a border between _ and _.

Russia, Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia)

the area east of the Ural is

Siberia

How many times bigger is Russia than the US?

Three times the size of the US.

Southeastern part of Central Asia lies

Tian Shan

Emperor order _ -_ _ to be built.

Trans-Siberian Railroad

What is the longest railroad in the world?

Trans-Siberian Railroad

taken from Japan by _ after_.

USSR, WWII

what's Europe's largest river?

Volga River

Caspian Sea is

a saltwater lake and is largest in sea in the world.

Lake Baikal holds as much water as

all of North America's Great Lakes.

Drainage Basin

an area drained by a major river and its tributaries

Where are the largest petroleum deposits located?

around the Caspian Sea (also around the Volga Basin and Ob River Region)

Very fertile _ soil: major source of _ for Russia and the Republics.

chernozem, grain

Many of the resources are hard to get due to _,_, and _.

climates, terrain, distances

Huge reserves of _ and _ _.

coal, iron ore

Lake Baikal is the

deepest lake in world; a mile from surface to bottom at its deepest point

Only _ _ can save the Aral Sea.

drastic measures

the Northern European Plain is an

extensive lowland area.

Russia is among the richest nations in _, _, and _ _.

forest, energy, mineral resources

Where does 1/5 of the world's timber come from?

forests

Many resources in Russia and the Republics are in _ to reach regions with _ climates.

hard, brutal

What has helped Russia fight off invaders?

harsh climates

Russia has a _ _ and _ dominate region.

humid continental, subarctic

Large producer of...

hydroelectricity

Where is the terrain more mountainous?

in the south and east

in the 50s and 60s water was used to

irrigate cotton fields.

Mountains are so high that they

keep moist air out.

Former Soviet Union government wasted many...

of these resources

Leading producer of _ and _ _.

oil, natural gas

the West Sib. Plain contains a system of

ovolcanic ranges.

Distance from the sea decreases _ and creates extreme _.

precipitation, temperatures

the West Siberian Plain tilts northward so that

rivers flow to the Arctic Ocean.

Aral Sea is a

saltwater lake; has lost 87% of its water volume since 1960s due to irrigation.

Late 1800s travel is slow in

south eastern Russia

Central Asia includes "_" republics.

stan

Much of Russia and the Republics lie on _ and _ climate zones.

subarctic, tundra

Steppe

temperate grassland from southern Ukraine to Altay Mountains.

Caucasus Mountains lie between

the Black and Caspian Sea.

Lake Baikal is 7 times as deep as

the Grand Canyon.

Sakhalin and Kuril Islands lie south of

the Kamchatka Peninsula

Very dry despite

the Syr Darya and Amu Darya Rivers.

What is the largest forest on earth?

the Taiga (mostly coniferous)

Chernozem

the world's most fertile black soil is abundant in the area.

Region's health resorts were once

tourist destinations

In the region's southern areas, semiarid and desert climates feature _ winters and _ summers.

warmer, hot

Central Asia: _, _, and _ climates.

warmer, semiarid, desert

Flat plains stretch across the _ and _ areas of the region.

western, central

Lake Baikal takes up 20% of the _ _.

world's freshwater

Railroad helps populate area so resources can

yield profit.

How long is the Trans-Siberian Railroad?

5, 700 miles

the Volga River carries

60% of Russia's river traffic.

How big is Russia?

8.5 million sq. mi.

Aral Sea has lost _ of its water.

80%

Aral Sea gets its water from

Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers.

Transcaucasia is made up of

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia

the Volga River drains the

Caspian Sea basin.

_ _ rates are among the highest in the world.

Child mortality

Continentiality

Effect the region's enormous size has on climates

which continent(s) does Russia lie on?

Eurasia continents.

The Urals are seen as the dividing line betweeen

Europe and Asia. Area east of the Ural is Siberia.