Ch 19- blood

Arrange the following events of coagulation in proper sequence (1) prothrombin —> thrombin (2) fibrinogen —> fibrin (3) activation of factor XII (4) formation of prothrombinase

3,4,1,2

Which of the following is mismatched? a. Differential count- determines the percentage of each kind of leukocyte in the blood b. Hematocrit- percentage of total blood volume composed of RBCs c. Blood typing- determines ABO and Rh blood groups of a blood sample d. Complete blood count- includes RBC and WBC counts e. Blood crossmatch- donor and recipient blood cells are mixed together

E. Blood crossmatch- donor and recipient blood cells are mixed together

Bilirubin ___ a. Is formed from the globin groups of hemoglobin b. May be reused in erythropoiesis c. Is found in white blood cells d. Is made from bile e. May build up in circulation and cause jaundice

E. May build up in circulation and cause jaundice

The smaller leukocytes are the ____ and the largest are the _____

Lymphocytes; monocytes

An adult is brought to the emergency room of a local hospital. The EMTs report the patient lost about 300cc of blood. Is this life-threatening?

No; most adults have 4-6 liters of blood, so a loss of 300cc would not be life-threatening

When large quantities of blood are lost, erythrocytes must be replaced to restore

Oxygen-carrying capacity

In hemolytic disease of the newborn,

antibodies from the mother cross the placenta and affect the fetus.

How would a decrease in the number of megakaryocytes affect the blood composition?

A decrease in megakaryocytes would decrease the number of platelets in the blood

A person with an increased eosinophil count might be suffering from

A parasitic worm infection

Which of the following is the most abundant of the plasma proteins? a. Albumin b. Globulins c. Fibrinogen d. Hemoglobin e. Immunoglobulins

A. Albumin

What may be affected if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was not made in the body? a. Conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate ion b. Transport of O2 by hemoglobin c. Conversion of hemoglobin to oxyhemoglobin d. Hemolysis of red blood cells

A. Conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate ion

A severely dehydrated patient begins to experience the formation of random blood clots. Why is this happening? a. Dehydration leads to a concentration of clothing factors, which trigger the intrinsic mechanism of coagulation b. Dehydration stimulates vasospasms, which in turn lead to clot formation c. Dehydration collapses the capillaries and exposes collagen, which triggers the extrinsic mechanism of coagulation d. Dehydration leads to a concentration of clotting factors, which triggers the extrinsic mechanism of coagulation

A. Dehydration leads to a concentration of clotting factors, which triggers the intrinsic mechanism of coagulation

Coumadin (warfarin) a. Is a potent coagulant b. Dissolves blood clots c. Is produced by eosinophils d. Promotes coagulation e. Blocks the action of factor X

A. Is a potent coagulant

In which of the following situations might Rh incompatibility develop? a. Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh positive b. Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh negative c. Mother is Rh positive, father is Rh positive d. Mother is Rh positive, fetus is Rh negative e. Mother is Rh positive; fetus is Rh positive

A. Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh positive

Functions of plasma proteins include a. Regulation of osmotic pressure b. Serving as a source of energy for metabolism c. Body temperature regulation d. Transportation of O2 and CO2

A. Regulation of osmotic pressure

Which vitamin is necessary to produce many clotting factors in the liver? a. Vitamin K b. Vitamin D c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin B3

A. Vitamin K

When the antigens on erythrocytes bind with antibodies in the plasma,

Agglutination of erythrocytes occurs

The condition characterized by overproduction of erythrocytes is called ____ a. Leukemia b. Erythrocytosis c. Anemia d. Thalassemia e. Hemophilia

B. Erythrocytosis

Neutrophils are derived from a population of intermediate cells called a. Monoblasts b. Myeloblasts c. Proerythroblasts d. Lymphblasts e. Megakaryoblasts

B. Myeloblasts

When a blood vessel is damaged, which of the following events occurs last? a. Collagen is exposed b. Platelets begin to stick to each other and form a plug c. Platelets adhere to collagen d. Platelets are activated e. Von willer and factors is produced

B. Platelets begin to stick to each other and form a plug

If a blood buffer is absent, what function of the blood would be compromised? a. Maintenance of body temperature b. Regulation of pH c. Transport of ions d. Clot formation e. Protection against foreign substances

B. Regulation of pH

The mutation that leads to sickle cell anemia is located on chromosome _____ a. 21 b. 3 c. 11 d. 14

C. 11

If a young boy is diagnosed with hemophilia, he would have a. A type of cancer affecting white blood cells b. An increased erythrocyte count c. A disorder of the clotting process d. An infection of the blood e. An antigen-antibody reaction

C. A disorder of the clotting process

In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in the correct chronological order? a. Bone marrow; spleen; blood vessels b. Spleen; blood vessels; bone marrow c. Bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen d. Blood vessels; spleen; bone marrow e. Spleen; blood vessels; spleen

C. Bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen

Blood is a type of _______ tissue. a. Areolar b. Epithelial c. Connective d. Grandular

C. Connective

Hemocytoblast ____ a form branches of trees b. Are abundant in the plasma c. Give rise to all formed elements in the blood d. Are specialized cells e. Are found in yellow bone marrow

C. Give rise to all formed elements in the blood

Which of the following cell types is INCORRECTLY matched with it a description? a. Eosinophils- attack worm parasites b. Basophils- release histamine c. Lymphocytes- become macrophages d. Monocytes- largest of the WBCs e. Neutrophils- most numerous WBCs

C. Lymphocytes- become macrophages

Mike has Type A blood. He needs blood; however, type blood A is not available. The next best choice would be blood type ____ a. B b. AB C. O

C. O

Which of the following is NOT true of plasma? a. Plasma is about 91% of water b. Plasma is a colloid c. Plasma volume can change drastically d. The color of plasma is yellow

C. Plasma volume can change drastically

RhoGam injection are given to a. Protect the father b. Desensitize the fetus c. Prevent sensitization of the mother d. Change the mothers blood type e. Activate Rh antigens

C. Prevent sensitization of the mother

Each hemoglobin molecule a. Contains two polypeptide chains b. Has one heme group c. Transports four oxygen molecules d. Has two iron atoms and two globin chains e. Transports one oxygen molecule

C. transports four oxygen molecules

All of the following could be learned from a blood chemistry test except a. Bilirubin levels b. Blood urea nitrogen c. Elevated glucose levels d. Heart rate and blood pressure e. Elevated cholesterol levels

D. Heart rate and blood pressure

The globulins are important plasma proteins that function primarily in _____ a. Gas transport b. Hormonal regulation c. Thermoregulation d. Immunity e. pH control

D. Immunity

Which type of material is NOT transported by the blood? a. Blood gases b. Hormones c. Nutrients d. Neurotransmitters e. Lactate

D. Neurotransmitters

A person with type O blood should receive a blood transfusion from a donor with a. Any type of blood b. The A blood c. Type AB blood d. Type O blood e. Type B blood

D. Type O blood

During platelet plug formation, a. Thrombin is released from endothelial cells b. Vitamin K production increases c. Platelets multiply d. Platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels

D. platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels.

Which of the follow events occurs when erythrocytes are destroyed? a. Heme is transported by transferrin to the liver b. Bile is manufactured by the gallbladder c. Iron is secreted into the bile d. Urine output increase e. The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids

E. The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids

The hematocrit is a. The number of WBCs per mm3 b. The amount of hemoglobin by weight in the blood c. The number of RBCs in the body d. An estimate of blood flow/hour e. The percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood

E. The percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood

A blood clot attached to a blood vessel wall is called a(an) a. Embolus b. Anticoagulant c. Hemorrhage d. Prostacyclin e. Thrombus

E. Thrombus

Which of the following is NOT required for erythropoiesis? a. All of the choices are correct B. Folate c. Vitamins B12 d. Iron e. Vitamin K

E. Vitamin K

Plasma

Is the liquid matrix of the blood

In the extrinsic pathway, damaged tissues release _____

Thromboplastin (tissue factor III)

During platelet plug formation, platelets release _____ and endothelial cells release ______, which lead to vasoconstriction

Thromboxane; endothelin

The function of plasmin is to

hydrolyze fibrin.