ch 2 mastery
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
The scientific process and nursing research have the same methodologies for investigating and solving problems. Place the steps of the scientific process and nursing research in order.
Identifying what one needs to know or is curious about Deciding the approach to seeking the answer Devising a plan Implementing the plan Assessing the outcomes
Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?
Nursing research
Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?
Nursing theory
A nurse manager is attempting to switch the medical records in an orthopedic office to a computerized format. The nurse asks questions about the accuracy and efficiency of the current record keeping system by using the PICO format. Which statements illustrate the components of this process? Select all that apply.
P: The nurse chooses the population involved (orthopedic clients). I: The nurse considers interventions to make the plan work. C: The nurse compares the written records to the computerized records.
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Traditional knowledge
When describing how to formulate a hypothesis, which item would a nurse researcher identify as the focus of the study?
Variables
A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:
adults
One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:
generate knowledge to guide practice.
A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?
Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:
use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?
Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.
What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?
Qualitative
A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?
Chromium supplements
A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?
Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.
A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?
Developmental theory
Which is the theory that describes the maturation of humans through stages?
Developmental theory
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:
Erikson
Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?
Evidence-based research
A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?
General systems theory
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?
National Institute of Nursing Research