Ch 2
examples of the powers of congress under the articles of confederation
-appoint senior officers of the united states army -make treaties -coin or borrow money -declare war
that are both the house and the senate incharge of
-approval required to enact laws
antifederalists only
-argued that representatives must be "a true picture of the people" -attacked the elastic clause
Antifederalists beliefs
-believed that most governments became "aristocratic" -preferred small republics of existing states -wanted to limit the power of the national government
what is the senate only incharge of
-chosen for 6-year terms -approve presidential appointments -ratify treaties
what powers did the constitution grant the president
-granting pardons -vetoing -recognizing foreign countries -appointing major departmental personnel
tensions at the constitutional convention of 1787
-national power versus state power -slave states versus nonslave states -large states vs small states
Methods for Amending the Constitution
-passage in the House and Senate, followed by ratification by 3/4ths of the states -passage in a national convention, followed by ratification by conventions in 3/4ths of the state
state laws and the state constitution are supreme
articles of confederation
which of the following institutional features limit the national government's power
bill of rights, federalism, separation of powers
what were the terms of agreement for the great compromise in the constitutional convention?
creations of two chambers in congress: one based on population, the other on equal representation for each state
the ____ of the constitution grant specific powers to congress. They ____ congress's power. The _____ of the constitution grants congress's power. It ____ Congress's power.
expressed powers limits elastic clause expands
t/f because the amendment process is so cumbersome, only 27 constitutional amendments have ever been proposed
false
t/f: inclusion of expressed powers in the U.S. Constitution resolves any ambiguity in the powers of the three branches of government
false
the division of power, by a constitution, between a central gov & regional gov is known as _____. The division of power among several institutions that must cooperate in decision-making is known as ______.
federalism separation of powers
what was one way the federalists cultivated support for the constitution
federalist papers
Features of the Virginia Plan
house of representatives representation based on population
how many of the original 13 states were required to ratify the Constitution for it to go into effect?
9
what are the Federalist Papers
a collection of 85 essays supporting ratification of constitution
place in chronological order the events that led up to the end of the articles of Confederation
annapolis convention, shays's rebellion, constitutional convention
amendments require unanimous support of the states
articles of confederation
Federalists beliefs
believed that direct democracy was problematic
federalists only
believed the Bill of Rights was unnecessary
what kind of gov did the antifederalists want to develop
confederation of small "republic" states protection of the rights of the individual
It created an executive branch to enforce laws.
constitution
the national government is granted the authority to maintain an army and navy
constitution
The constitutional congress reached the 3/5ths compromise to decide how enslaved people would be counted toward congressional representation. Northerners ______ counting the enslaved as part of the population, whereas southerners ___ counting them. According to the compromise, five enslaved people would count as three free persons when calculating how many representatives each state received in the _____
opposed supported house of representatives
what method of selection would make the president the most responsive to the public?
popular election
Place the events in chronological order.
stamp, boston,
under the articles of confederation, laws were carried out by ____. By creating a confederation, Congress was given ____ power.
the state, very little
what are the functions of "checks and balances"?
they give each branch of government power and influence over the other branches
The _____ Plan pushed for representation based on population, whereas the ______ Plan called for equal representation for all states. The Great Compromise, proposed by ____ split the difference between the two and saved the Constitutional Convention from dissolving
virginia new jersey constitutional
what was the significance of the Boston Tea Party in the run-up to the American Revolution
- it provoked the British gov to take action against the colonists
upon the adoption of the Stamp and Sugar Acts, sectors of society opposed the taxes or were indifferent towards the taxes?
New England merchants southern planters small farmers shopkeepers, artisans, and town workers
what is the method by which the US selects its president
electoral college
the antifederalists were particularly concerned about tyranny of ___, whereas Federalists were primarily concerned about the tyranny of ____.
elites the majority
Features of the New Jersey Plan
equal representation for each state the senate
how can the president check the power of congress if a law is passed w/which he/she disagrees
executive over legislative: can veto acts of congress, can call congress into a special session
what ideas are found in the Declaration of independence
-people have certain rights that gov can't take away -listed grievances against England
powers granted to judicial branch and the supreme court
-power to resolve conflicts between state and federal laws -lifetime appointments
what were the effects of shay's rebellion in the lead up to the constitutional convention
-shay's rebellion encouraged congress to adopt the Annapolis resolution and commit to revising the Articles of Confederation in Philadephia -demonstrated that the national gov was too weak to respond to a crisis, which led to the Philadelphia convention
statements about the colonist response to the Boston Massacre are accurate
-support for the british among some Bostonians increased -prominent Bostonians defended the soldiers who participated
which of the following resulted from the Boston Tea Party
-the colonists convened the First Continental congress -britain restricted westward expansion in the colonies
what statements accurately describe the constitutional convention of 1787
-the convention was primarily organized by merchants and large planters -many of the delegates were concerned with the protection of property
what successes did the antifederalists have in influencing the constitution
-the ratification of the bill of rights
what were shortcomings of the articles of confederation
-the u.s. gov had no power to intervene when radical factions began influencing some state govs -the u.s. gov could not enforce treaties
how did the articles of confederation limit the powers of the national gov
-there was no president -laws passed by the congress were required to be carried out by the states -all 13 states had to agree to amend the articles after it was ratified.
what effects did british taxes have on the American colonists before the Revolution?
-they fostered an alliance between merchants and laborers -they hurt the economic interests of southern planters and new england merchants
why did the british gov impose taxes on the american colonies
-to reduce the size of the British gov debt -to help pay for the wars started by the american colonists
what is the house only incharge of
-write revenue bills -more responsive to the public
place these events surrounding the creation of the U.S. system of government in chronological order
1- delegates gather at the constitutional convention 2-the federalist papers are published 3- the constitution is ratified by the states 4-the bill of rights is adopted
which part of the constitution lets national laws take precedence over state laws if the two are in conflict?
supremacy clause
t/f: the us congress is bicameral
t
what does the concept of the Constitution as a "higher law" imply?
the constitution establishes a framework for making laws
both antifederalists and federalists
wanted limited gov
