ch 20

iron is crucial for

-hemoglobin development -sufficient oxygen delivery to the brain and muscles

congregate meals

a group meal served 5 days a week in a community location such as a senior center, or delivered to participants' homes

food pantry

a nonprofit service that provides food to people in need

golden rice

a plant that has been developed specifically to provide greater amounts of beta-carotene

meals on wheels

a program in which volunteers deliver meals that have been prepared at a community site to home-bound individuals

special milk program

a program that enables eligible students to receive free or reduced cost milk with meals

summer food service program

a program that provides financial support to qualifying facilities that serve free meals and snacks to students during the summer

national school lunch program

a program that provides reimbursements to schools that offer free or reduced-cost nutritious lunches for eligible low-income students and after-school snacks at sites that meet certain eligibility requirements

school breakfast program

a program through which schools and other nonprofit agencies are reimbursed for the cost of providing a nutritious morning meal to eligible low-income children

older americans act (OAA) nutrition program

a programs that provides financial assistance for nonprofit programs that provide free meals to adults 60 years of age or older, regardless of their income

chronic undernutrition

a state of undernutrition occurring when energy and nutrient intake are insufficient to meet an individual's needs over an extended period of time

genetic modification (GM)

altering an organism's genetic material in an effort to create a new organism with different traits; also called genetic engineering

supplemental nutrition assistance program (SNAP)

an assistance program that enables qualified low-income participants to use monthly cash allotments and a special debit card to purchase foods from authorized stores

malnutrition

can occur when diets lack nutrients (undernutrition) or can contain excessive amounts of nutrients (overnutrition)

ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs)

shelf stable foods fortified with calories, protein, and micronutrients that are used for the treatment of undernutrition

food insecurity

state in which individuals are concerned about running out of food or not having enough money to buy more food

biotechnology

use of living things to produce new products

categories of food security

-high food security -marginal food security -low food security -very low food security

factors that contribute to undernutrition

-parasites -depleted farmland and other natural resources -cultural traditions -lack of sanitary water supplies -food distribution problems (such as lack of good roads) -war and political/civil unrest -disease -overpopulation

soup kitchens

establishments where prepared meals are provided to those who are hungry, typically for free

sustainable agriculture

farming methods that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment while meeting the demand for food

vitamin A

important for -immunity -vision -reproduction -cellular growth

food banks

nonprofit organizations that act as distribution centers for surplus food

genetically modified organisms (GMO)

organisms that have been genetically modified

stunting

reduced adult size as a consequence of chronic undernutrition in infancy and childhood

food deserts

regions or areas in which a large proportion of those living there experience difficulty in obtaining nutritious foods

food security

state in which individuals have access to enough food at all times to lead healthy, active lives