Ch 20

If Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) capability is lost in-flight, A.the pilot has no assurance of the accuracy of the GPS position. B.the pilot may still rely on GPS derived altitude for vertical information. C.GPS position is reliable provided at least 3 GPS satellites are available.

Answer A is correct.Always check to see if the unit has RAIM capability. If no RAIM capability exists, be suspicious of a GPS displayed position when any disagreement exists with the position derived from other radio navigation systems, pilotage, or dead reckoning. If RAIM is lost during flight, the pilot has no assurance of the accuracy of the GPS position.

What is your approximate position on low altitude airway Victor 1, southwest of Norfolk (area 1), if the VOR receiver indicates you are on the 340° radial of Elizabeth City VOR (area 3)? A.18 nautical miles from Norfolk VORTAC. B.15 nautical miles from Norfolk VORTAC. C.23 nautical miles from Norfolk VORTAC.

Answer A is correct.First find V1 extending SW on the 233° radial from Norfolk VORTAC on Fig. 20. The V1 label appears just above 2. Then, draw along the 340° radial from Elizabeth City VOR (southwest of 3). If you are confused about where the exact VOR is (center of compass rose), draw a line through the entire compass rose so your line coincides with both your radial (here 340°) and its reciprocal (here 160°). The intersection with V1 is 18 NM from the Norfolk VORTAC. NOTE: Measure distance using the associated scale located at the top of the chart.

How many Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites are required to yield a three-dimensional position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and time solution? A.4 B.5 C.6

Answer A is correct.GPS satellites broadcast radio signals that are decoded by a receiver in order to triangulate a three-dimensional position by calculating distances based on the amount of time it takes the radio signals to reach the receiver. At least four GPS satellites are required to yield a three-dimensional position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and time solution.

Where can locations for VOR test facilities be found? A.Chart Supplement. B.Aeronautical Information Manual. C.Sectional charts.

Answer A is correct.In each Chart Supplement, there is a section, listed by state, of VOT ground locations and airborne checkpoints.

Which of the following is a true statement concerning the Global Positioning System? A.Navigating by GPS must be integrated with other forms of navigation. B.Advances in technology make it possible to rely completely on GPS units. C.GPS databases and paper navigational charts are updated at the same time.

Answer A is correct.Navigating by GPS must be integrated with other forms of electronic navigation as well as pilotage and dead reckoning.

The VOR is tuned to Elizabeth City VOR/DME (area 3 in Figure 20), and the aircraft is positioned over Shawboro, a small town 3 NM west of Currituck County Regional (ONX). Which VOR indication is correct? A.5 B.2 C.8

Answer A is correct.See Fig. 20, northeast of 3 along the compass rose. Shawboro is northeast of the Elizabeth City VOR on the 030° radial; zoom in to see the tiny black circle located to the lower left of the "S" in Shawboro; that corresponds to the town of Shawboro. To be over it, the needle should be centered with either an OBS setting of 210° and a TO indication or with an OBS setting of 030° and a FROM indication. VOR 5 matches the former description.

(Refer to illustration 8.) The VOR receiver has the indications shown. What is the aircraft's position relative to the station? A.South. B.East. C.North.

Answer A is correct.The OBS is set to 030° and the needle is centered with a TO indication. Therefore, the aircraft is on the 210° radial and south (southwest) of the station. By process of elimination, we know the aircraft is neither north nor east of the station, and therefore "south" is the best answer.

What is a consideration when using a hand-held GPS for VFR navigation? A.Position accuracy may degrade without notification. B.Waypoints will still be accurate even if database is not current. C.RAIM capability will be maintained for entire flight.

Answer A is correct.While a hand-held GPS receiver can provide excellent navigation capability to VFR pilots, position accuracy may degrade without notification.

The VOR is tuned to Jamestown VOR (area 4 in Figure 26), and the aircraft is positioned over Cooperstown Airport (area 2 in Figure 26). Which VOR indication is correct? A.2 B.4 C.9

Answer B is correct.Cooperstown Airport (northeast of 2 in Fig. 26) is located on the 028° radial of the Jamestown VOR (south of 4). With a centered needle, you could have an OBS setting of 028° and a FROM indication or an OBS setting of 208° and a TO indication. VOR 4 fits the aircraft's location over Cooperstown Airport. You have a TO indication with an OBS setting of 210° and a half-scale deflection of the CDI to the left (because Cooperstown Airport is north of your selected course). You are thus on approximately the 028° radial.

(Refer to area 5.) The VOR is tuned to the Dallas/Fort Worth VOR. The omnibearing selector (OBS) is set on 253°, with a TO indication, and a right course deviation indicator (CDI) deflection. What is the aircraft's position from the VOR? A.North-northeast. B.East-northeast. C.West-southwest.

Answer B is correct.It is not necessary to refer to Fig. 25 to solve this problem. Write the word VOR on a piece of paper. Now draw a line through it, representing the 253° radial and its reciprocal. Now imagine you are flying along this line on a heading of 253°. With a TO indication and a right CDI deflection, you are northeast of the VOR but south of the course.

What should the airborne accuracy of a VOR be? A.±5° B.±6° C.±4°

Answer B is correct.The accuracy of the VOR should be ±4° for ground checks or ±6° for airborne checks.

(Refer to illustration 3.) The VOR receiver has the indications shown. What is the aircraft's position relative to the station? A.East. B.Southeast.

Answer B is correct.With no TO or FROM indications showing on VOR 3, Fig. 28, you must be flying in the zone of ambiguity from the VOR, which is perpendicular to the OBS setting, i.e., on the 120° or 300° radials. Since you have a right deflection, you would be on the 120° radial, or southeast of the VOR. C.West.

The VOR is tuned to Jamestown VOR (area 4 in Figure 26), and the aircraft is positioned over Cooperstown Airport (area 2 in Figure 26). Which VOR indication is correct? A.1 B.6 C.4

Answer C is correct.Cooperstown Airport (northeast of 2 in Fig. 26) is located on the 028° radial of the Jamestown VOR (south of 4). With a centered needle you could have an OBS setting of 028° and a FROM indication or an OBS setting of 208° and a TO indication. VOR 4 fits the aircraft's location over Cooperstown Airport. You have a TO indication with an OBS setting of 210° and a half-scale deflection of the CDI to the left (because Cooperstown Airport is north of your selected course). You are thus on approximately the 028° radial.

The VOR is tuned to Bonham VORTAC (area 3 in Figure 24) and the aircraft is positioned over the town of Sulphur Springs (area 5 in Figure 24). Which VOR indication is correct? A.1 B.8 C.7

Answer C is correct.Sulphur Springs (SSW of area 5) is on the 120° radial of Bonham VORTAC. Illustration 7 in Fig. 28 shows the VOR receiver tuned to 030° course (210° radial), which is perpendicular to (90° away from) the 120° radial. This places the aircraft in the zone of ambiguity, which results in neither a TO nor a FROM indication. The CDI needle is deflected left, meaning the aircraft is positioned 90° to the right of the selected radial.

The Global Positioning System is A.ground based. B.antenna based. C.satellite based.

Answer C is correct.The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based radio navigation system.

(Refer to illustration 5.) The VOR receiver has the indications shown. What radial is the aircraft crossing? A.300°. B.210°. C.030°.

Answer C is correct.The OBS is set on 210° with the needle centered. The important factor is the TO indication showing. You are thus crossing the 210° inbound bearing, but with a TO indication it is the 030° radial. If it was a FROM indication, it would be the 210° radial.

What is the approximate position of the aircraft if the VOR receivers indicate the 245° radial of Sulphur Springs VOR-DME (area 5) and the 140° radial of Bonham VORTAC (area 3)? A.Majors Airport. B.Caddo Mills Airport. C.Glenmar Airport.

Answer C is correct.To locate a position based on VOR radials, draw the radials on your map or on the plastic overlay during the FAA knowledge test. Remember that radials are from the VOR, or leaving the VOR. On Fig. 24, the 245° radial from Sulphur Springs VOR-DME extends southwest, and the 140° radial from Bonham VORTAC extends southeast. They intersect about 1 mi. east of Glenmar Airport.

What is the approximate position of the aircraft if the VOR receivers indicate the 340° radial of Savannah VORTAC (area 3) and the 184° radial of Allendale VOR (area 1)? A.Town of Guyton. B.3 miles east of Briggs. C.Town of Springfield.

Answer C is correct.To locate a position based on VOR radials, draw the radials on your map or on the plastic overlay during the FAA pilot knowledge test. Remember that radials are from the VOR, or leaving the VOR. On Fig. 23, the 340° radial from Savannah extends northwest, and the 184° radial from Allendale extends south. They intersect over the town of Springfield.

When the course deviation indicator (CDI) needle is centered using a VOR test signal (VOT), the omnibearing selector (OBS) and the TO/FROM indicator should read A.180° FROM, only if the pilot is due north of the VOT. B.0° TO or 180° FROM, regardless of the pilot's position from the VOT. C.0° FROM or 180° TO, regardless of the pilot's position from the VOT.

Answer C is correct.To use the VOT service, tune in to the VOT frequency (108.0-117.95 MHz) on the VOR receiver. With the CDI centered, the OBS should read 0° with the TO/FROM indication showing FROM, or the OBS should read 180° with the TO/FROM indication showing TO.

When navigating using only VOR/DME based RNAV, selection of a VOR NAVAID that does not have DME service will A.have no effect on navigation capability. B.not impact navigation provided enough GPS is operating. C.result in loss of RNAV capability.

Answer C is correct.VOR/DME-based RNAV units need both VOR and DME signals to operate. If the NAVAID selected is a VOR without DME, RNAV mode will not function.