Ch. 22 Fighting for the Four Freedoms
What was the Final Solution?
Adolph Hitler's plan to mass exterminate "undesirable" peoples
The Road to Serfdom:
Advocated for Laissez-faire economics AND Offered an intellectual basis for the critique of active government (A & B)
Organized labor assisted in the war effort by:
Agreeing to a no strike pledge
"D-day" refers to the:
Allied invasion of Europe at Normandy
The 1943 Texas Caucasian Race-Equal Privileges resolution?
Aloud Mexican equal treatment and public accommodations, while still segregating blacks.
Men like Henry Ford Charles, Lindbergh and Father Coughlin were members of the:
America First committee, an isolationist group.
According to Gunnar Myrdal, America's dilemma was a conflict between:
American values and American racial policies
After the United States entered World War II:
Americans experienced a series of military losses.
The Lend-Lease act:
Authorized military aid to those fighting against Germany and Japan.
What accounted for the tension between Great Britain and the United States at the Yalta conference?
Churchill and Roosevelt disagreed over the future status of Britain's overseas colonies
Freedom House was an organization that:
Demanding an American intervention in the European war.
How did wartime experiences change Mexican-American life in California?
Employment opportunities in the defense sector promoted Mexican-Americans to find work outside of their neighborhood
The Manhattan Project:
Enabled the development of an atomic weapon based on the theories of German scientist involving energy and matter
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Asian-American experience during World War II?
Executive Order 9066 fully integrated Asian-Americans into U.S. army units serving overseas
During the war, Americans:
Experienced the rationing of scarce consumer goods such as gasoline.
What does Henry Luce see as the cure for America in his book, The American Century?
For America to exert its influence on the world.
How did the promise of freedom in the postwar years differ for a black and white Americans?
For white American freedom was a position to be defended, for African American it was a goal to be achieved
Who did publisher Henry Luce credit with the provision of "the abundant life" and his blueprints for the postwar prosperity, The American Century?
Free enterprise
Why did franklin D Roosevelt announce his candidacy for third term in 1940?
He argued that the recovery was too fragile and the international situation too dangerous for him to leave his post.
On what grounds did the Austrian-born economist, Fredrich A. Hayek, rejected the new deal state?
He was convinced that even the best intentioned government planning effort would threaten individual liberties.
The "zoot suit" riots of 1943:
Highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during World War II
The status of Blacks during World War II:
In northeastern cities was not always improved, despite the promise of better economic opportunity through wartime jobs
He formally recognized the Soviet Union in an effort to simulate trade.
In what aspect of American foreign policy to Franklin D Roosevelt Remove himself from Herbert Hoover's precedent?
The GI Bill of Rights:
Included scholarships for education for veterans
Fascism:
Initially embraced by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin who viewed it more favorable than capitalism
What did Roosevelt mean by the phrase, "Freedom from Want"?
Initially, it was a call to eliminate barriers to international trade AND It suggested the Great Depression would not continue after the war. (BOTH B & C)
Which of the following does not explain why Americans hoped to avoid involvement in the war in Europe?
It was clear to most people but there was little possibility of an allied victory.
Which of the following statements best describes Japan's overseas actions in the 1930s?
Japan invaded China in 1931 and 1937 to expand its military and economic power.
Women working in defense industries during the war:
Made up one-third of the West Coast in aircraft manufacturing and shipbuilding.
Under the bracero program:
Mexicans were encouraged to immigrate but they were denied the right of citizenship
How did World War II affect the West Coast of the United States?
Millions of Americans moved to California for jobs and military service.
Which of the following statement is false?
Officially the GI Bill offered the same benefits to returning black soldiers as it did to whites.
Which statement about the Japanese American Internment is false?
One their loyalty was proven they were free to leave
How did "Patriotic Assimilation" differ from Americanization?
Patriotic Assimilation described the American way of life, where people of different backgrounds could live together and freedom and unite as people
"Rosie the Riveter":
Refers to Norman Rockwell's image of a female industrial worker.
The principle of freedom embodied by the 1941 Atlantic charter:
Reflected the idea of a global extension of the new deal that would improve the quality of life for peopleI all over the world.
What made it so difficult for the United States to reject the demands of Joseph Stalin for establishing a Soviet sphere in Eastern Europe?
Roosevelt realized the sacrifices the Soviets had made in their victory in the Eastern front
During World War II, Native Americans:
Served in the military and worked in war production
Why did executive order 9066 not apply to persons of Japanese descent living in Hawaii?
Since nearly 40% of the population was of Japanese descent, the evacuation order would have been impractical
Which of the following is not true of that Yalta conference in 1945?
Stalin agreed to leave southern and eastern Europe out of the Soviet sphere
How did World War II change the role of corporations in American life?
Technological innovation and high productivity in the war effort, restored the reputation of corporations from its depressive lows.
What did Henry Luce and Henry Wallace have in common?
The both put fourth a new conception of America's role in the world based in part on internationalism and on the idea that the American experience should serve as a model for all other nations.
How did the struggle against Nazi tyranny discredit racial inequality in the United States?
The contradiction between the principal and the practice of freedom and the actual status of African-Americans came to the forefront during the war
How did the allied campaign in Italy prepare for the ground invasion of France on D-Day?
The defeat of Mussolini's regime forced Hitler to redirect valuable German troops to occupy Italy
The double V campaign was:
The effort to end discrimination against blacks while fighting fascism
Why did the United States drop the bomb on Hiroshima?
The invasion of Japan was certain to cost as many as 250,000 American lives
What taste of freedom did women enjoy in World War II?
The perks of doing men's jobs.
What did the members of the United Nations Security Council all have common?
They all have suffered the least casualties and financial losses during the war.
Why did so many American workers walk out of their jobs between 1943 and 1944?
They charged their employers with the unseemly expansion of corporate profits.
In the United States during World War II:
Unemployment declined, production soared and income taxes increased.
In Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court:
Upheld the legality of Japanese internment
The National Resources Planning Board:
Urged the expansion of the welfare state.
The fair Employment Practices Commission:
Was the first federal agency since Reconstruction, to advocate equal opportunity for blacks
During World War II, African Americans:
Witness the birth of the modern civil rights movement
FDR's "Economic Bill of Rights":
Would have empower the federal government to secure education, housing, medical care and full employment for all Americans
In 1940, the "cash and carry" plan:
allowed Great Britain to purchase U.S. arms on a restricted basis.
For most women workers, World War II:
allowed them to make temporary gains.
Black internationalism during World War II:
connected the plight of black Americans to that of people of color worldwide.
The Office of War Information:
used radio, film, and press to give the war an ideological meaning.
The Four Freedoms:
were President Roosevelt's statement of the Allied war aims.