Ch. 22: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

When assessing a child with encopresis, impairments will depend upon all of the following conditions except for what?

Intolerance to sedentary activity

After educating a group of students on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the instructor determines that additional education is required when the group identifies which as a typical characteristic?

Language difficulty

The mental health nurse assesses for the most common mental health disorder found in children when asking which question?

"Do you ever get scolded at school for not sitting still?

A child with an existing diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder shows signs and symptoms of depression. Which would most likely be prescribed?

Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SSNRI)

A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child in a school. The nurse suspects that the child has an insecure relationship with the parents. Which statement said by the child would have led the nurse to this conclusion?

"Please don't tell my mom anything we've talked about."

The parent of an 8-year-old client was concerned that the child may have an intellectual disability. The parent reports that the child has difficulty communicating. Which finding would confirm a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

An intelligence quotient (IQ) of 70 or below

Which term describes the use of socially unacceptable words, which are frequently obscene?

Coprolalia

A nurse is assessing an 8-year-old child. The child is unable to dress the self and is not able to manipulate toys, such as building blocks. The child stutters while talking. The child does not have impaired motor coordination. What is the most likely diagnosis of the child?

Developmental coordination disorder

A child is taking methylphenidate for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which side effect must be monitored in this child?

Growth delays

Which medication is effective in 70% to 80% of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Methylphenidate

nurse is assessing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which assessment finding is the nurse likely to see in this child? Select all that apply.

Overactivity Impulsiveness

A 7-year-old client experiences tics, which have become increasingly frequent in recent months. How should the nurse educate the client's teacher to respond to the tics?

Teach the client's classmates that the tics are not something that the client can control.

A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which findings does the nurse expect to find on assessment? Select all that apply.

The child avoids eye contact. The child does not relate to parents. The child becomes upset with minor changes in routine.

A nurse is working with a child undergoing behavioral modification therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse finds that the child is thin. What could be the mostlikely reason for this observation?

The child cannot sit through meals.

A nurse is assessing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For every question asked by the nurse, the child answers, "I don't know." What is the most likely reason for the child to respond in this way?

The child is not paying attention to the nurse's questions.

After teaching a group of nursing students about intellectual disability, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which as the mostcommon etiology?

Genetic syndromes

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with involuntary enuresis about methods to manage the condition. Which intervention does the nurse recommend to the parents?

The child should use pads with a warning bell.

The parents of a toddler are distraught that the toddler has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. When providing care for the child and the parents, the nurse understands that autism spectrum disorder is thought to be caused by what?

Genetic factors

The parents of a 2-year-old child complain to the nurse that their child is always dismantling toys, scribbling on the walls, and running all around the place and that it is very difficult to control the child's behavior. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse?

"At this child's age, these behaviors are expected."

A nurse is speaking to the parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The parents ask the nurse about the reason for the child's underachievement in academics. What explanation given by the nurse is most appropriate?

"Your child has trouble following the teacher's directions."

Assessment of an 8-year-old client reveals communication difficulties and an inability to manage age-appropriate tasks. The child undergoes standardized testing. An intelligent quotient (IQ) of which would support a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

65

Below average intellectual functioning is initially diagnosed when an intelligence quotient (IQ) is below which level?

70

When describing intellectual disability to a group of parents, a nurse would identify which intelligent quotient (or less) as the usual threshold?

70

After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacotherapy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the instructor determines that the education was successful when they identify which agent as the first line choice?

Atomoxetine

A nurse is assessing a child who had an episode of passing feces in the classroom. The child has no other disabilities. The nurse concludes that the child had intentional encopresis. Which other condition is the child likely to have?

Conduct disorder

Nurses who work in a pediatric psychiatric-mental health facility should do what?

Develop self-awareness of issues that remind them of their own childhood and adolescence.

The nurse is assessing a child with autism spectrum disorder. After reading the medical history, the nurse finds that the child engages in stereotypical motor behavior. Which observation of the child made by the nurse might be indicative of stereotypical motor behavior?

Flapping hands repeatedly

A nurse is studying the brain images of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In these images, the nurse would find abnormalities related to which area of the brain?

Frontal lobe

A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been prescribed dextroamphetamine. For what effects should the nurse tell the parents to monitor the child? Select all that apply.

Insomnia Weight loss Appetite suppression

The nurse is counseling a family whose child has autism. When describing this condition, which would the nurse most likely include?

Onset before child is 2.5 years old

When performing a spiritual assessment on a child, the nurse and child discuss church attendance and practices that are most important to the child. Which domain is the nurse addressing when doing this assessment?

Social

Which type of intervention may be helpful for children who are bullies?

Social skills training

The parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) bring the child for a follow-up visit. During the visit, they tell the nurse that the child receives the first dose of methylphenidate at about 7:30 a.m. every morning before leaving for school. The teacher and school nurse have noticed a return in the child's overactivity and distractibility just before lunch. The child's second dose is scheduled for about 12 p.m. Which might the nurse suggest as a possible solution to control the child's symptoms a bit more effectively?

Switch to a longer-acting preparation.

The nurse is assessing a child with tic disorder. The nurse documents in the assessment sheet that the child exhibits coprolalia. What might be be interpreted from this?

The child continuously repeats socially unacceptable words.

The nurse expects the child with expressive language disorder is likely to present with which nursing assessment finding?

The child has difficulty forming complete sentences.

A nurse is caring for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The child is given medication and behavioral modification therapy to treat the condition. Which outcome achieved within 3 days would indicate successful therapy?

The child is able to complete assignments or tasks with assistance.

The client is 6-year-old who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which symptom would the client display?

The client spends time alone with little interest in making friends.

A nurse is caring for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The nurse asks the child to draw pictures of the child and family members. What is the most likely rationale for this intervention?

To help the child self-express