Ch 24 Thermodynamics

The lowest possible temperature in nature is

-273 degrees C.

80 joules of heat is added to a system that performs 55 Joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is

25 J

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2050 K and 310 K is

85%

Air high in the atmosphere that plunges downward tends to cool

False

It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy

False

Efficiency in a heat engine is increased when there is a greater difference in input and output temperatures

True

It is possible to totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat

True

Systems left alone tend to move to a state of greater entropy

True

Whenever heat is added to system, it transforms to an equal amount of some other form of energy

True

Adiabatic process occur in

all of the above

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in its

both of the above

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the

conservation of energy

In buildings that are electrically heated, turning the lights on

doesn't waste energy

Pull a closed plastic bag of dry air quickly down from a high elevation and the bag of air will become

hotter

When a volume of air compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

increase

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy

increases

Entropy measures

messiness

Ceramic automobile engines that operate at higher temperatures will be

more efficient

Systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of

more entropy

Entropy is closely related to the

second law of thermodynamics

Two identical blocks of iron, one at 10 degrees C and the other at 20 degrees C, are put in contacts. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees C and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. This would violate the

second law of thermodynamics