Ch. 26 quiz digestive system

Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus. a. The mucosa is composed of thick, non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. b. It is composed entirely of smooth muscle. c. The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal. d. It is located almost entirely in the abdomen.

a. The mucosa is composed of thick, non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. c. The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.

Check all that are a function of the esophagus. a. Nutrient absorption. b. Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach. c. Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

b. Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach. c. Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

Select all that are true regarding the small intestine. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a. Villi are more numerous than microvilli. b. The "brush border" is composed of microvilli. c. The epithelium is simple columnar with goblet cells. d. Intestinal glands containing enteroendocrine cells project into the submucosa.

b. The "brush border" is composed of microvilli. c. The epithelium is simple columnar with goblet cells.

Select all that occur during the pharyngeal phase of deglutition (swallowing). a. The uvula blocks entry to the laryngopharynx. b. The bolus enters the oropharynx. c. The larynx elevates. d. The epiglottis is depressed, allowing entry of the bolus into the larynx.

b. The bolus enters the oropharynx. c. The larynx elevates.

As bile is produced and secreted, what structures or cells does it encounter? Put them in order, beginning with bile production. Hepatocyte Gallbladder Bile canaliculus Common hepatic duct Cystic duct

Hepatocyte Bile canaliculus Common hepatic duct Cystic duct Gallbladder

What is the function of bile? a. Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion b. Assist in the digestion of starches c. Prevent the digested material from becoming too acidic d. Denature proteins to assist in their absorption

a. Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion

Check all that line the mucosa of the large intestine. a. Simple columnar epithelium b. Goblet cells c. Intestinal villi d. Intestinal glands

a. Simple columnar epithelium b. Goblet cells d. Intestinal glands

Which tunic of the alimentary canal contains the lamina propria? a. Muscularis b. Mucosa c. Submucosa d. Serosa

b. mucosa

In the wall of the cecum and colon, the longitudinal layer of the muscularis forms? a. omental appendices. b. haustra. c. teniae coli. d. intestinal glands.

c. teniae coli

The first part of mechanical digestion is?

mastication.

The stomach has a __________ ____________ epithelium containing ____________ _________ cells.

simple columnar; surface mucous

Clusters of lymphatic nodules called ________ can be found in the lamina propria of the small intestine. a. peyer patches b. celliac plexus c. serosae d. lacteals

a. peyer patches

The common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems is the? a. pharynx. b. esophagus. c. bronchial tubes. d. larynx.

a. pharynx

Check all that pancreatic acinar cells secrete. a. Acidic mucous b. Digestive enzymes c. Mucin d. Hormones

b. Digestive enzymes c. Mucin

Contraction of the pharyngeal constrictors causes which action? a. It elongates the pharynx, providing more time for the ingested material to lose water and become a bolus. b. It decreases the diameter of the pharynx in a sequential manner, beginning at the top and ending at the bottom. c. It decreases the diameter of the pharynx in a universal pattern, ensuring the simultaneous constriction of the bolus. d. It constricts the pharynx only at the top in order to ensure that ingested material will not "go back up."

b. It decreases the diameter of the pharynx in a sequential manner, beginning at the top and ending at the bottom.

Match the segment of the colon with its description. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal 2. Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal 3. Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal 4. Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal -Ascending colon -Descending colon -Transverse colon -Sigmoid colon

1. Ascending colon - Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal 2. Transverse colon - Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal 3. Sigmoid colon - Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal 4. Descending colon - Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal

Match the swallowing phase with its description. 1. Bolus passes involuntarily from the esophagus to the stomach. 2. Bolus passes involuntarily from the pharynx to the esophagus. 3. Occurs after ingestion; chewing forms a bolus. -Esophageal phase -Voluntary phase -Pharyngeal phase

1. Esophageal phase - Bolus passes involuntarily from the esophagus to the stomach. 2. Pharyngeal phase - Bolus passes involuntarily from the pharynx to the esophagus. 3. Voluntary phase - Occurs after ingestion; chewing forms a bolus.

Match the region of the small intestine with one of its functions. 1. Controls entry of materials into the large intestine 2. Receives bile and pancreatic juice 3. Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption -duodenum -jejunum -illeum

1. Ileum - Controls entry of materials into the large intestine 2. Duodenum - Receives bile and pancreatic juice 3. Jejunum - Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Match the mesentery with its description. 1. Extends between the stomach and liver 2. Anterior fold of mesentery that covers the intestines 3. Suspends small intestine from the abdominal wall 4. Connects the large intestine and abdominal wall -Lesser omentum -Mesocolon -Greater omentum -Mesentery proper

1. Lesser omentum - Extends between the stomach and liver 2. Greater omentum - Anterior fold of mesentery that covers the intestines 3. Mesentery proper - Suspends small intestine from the abdominal wall 4. Mesocolon - Connects the large intestine and abdominal wall

Match the type of movement that occurs in the large intestine with its description. 1. Powerful; propel fecal material toward rectum 2. Weak; ripple-like muscle contractions 3. Mixing and movement of material distally -Mass movements -Haustral churning -Peristalsis

1. Mass movements - Powerful; propel fecal material toward rectum 2. Peristalsis - Weak; ripple-like muscle contractions 3. Haustral churning - Mixing and movement of material distally

Match the secretory cell of the stomach with its secretion. 1. Acidic mucin 2. Mucin 3. Pepsinogen 4. Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor 5. Gastrin -Mucous neck cell -Parietal cell -Surface mucous cell -Chief cell -Enteroendocrine cell

1. Mucous neck cell - Acidic mucin 2. Surface mucous cell - Mucin 3. Chief cell - Pepsinogen 4. Parietal cell - Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor 5. Enteroendocrine cell - Gastrin

Match each type of motility with its description. 1. Contractions that forms ripples along GI tract to move ingested material along 2. Churning movements in small intestine to combine digestive enzymes with digesting food -Mixing -Peristalsis

1. Peristalsis - Contractions that forms ripples along GI tract to move ingested material along 2. Mixing - Churning movements in small intestine to combine digestive enzymes with digesting food

Matching. 1. Producing and releasing digestive enzymes 2. Involves the process of defecation 3. Nutrients move across GI tract epithelium -Secretion -absorption -Elimination of wastes

1. Secretion - Producing and releasing digestive enzymes 2. Elimination of wastes - Involves the process of defecation 3. absorption - Nutrients move across GI tract epithelium

Match the structure of the small intestine with its function. 1. Deep to mucosa; 2. Contain entero-endocrine cells 3. Slow down passage of materials 4. Secrete digestive hormones -Submucosal glands -Intestinal glands -Circular folds -Enteroendocrine cells

1. Submucosal glands - Deep to mucosa; secrete alkaline mucin 2. Intestinal glands - Contain enteroendocrine cells 3. Circular folds - Slow down passage of materials 4. Enteroendocrine cells - Secrete digestive hormones

As material moves through the large intestine, in what order does it pass through these structures? Sigmoid flexure Rectum Anal canal Transverse colon Left colic flexure Cecum Ascending colon Descending colon

Cecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Left colic flexure Descending colon Sigmoid flexure Rectum Anal canal

Trace the path of bile through the biliary apparatus, beginning at the liver, moving to the gallbladder, and ending at the small intestine. Common bile duct Hepatopancreatic ampulla Gallbladder Major duodenal papilla Left and right hepatic ducts Common hepatic duct

Left and right hepatic ducts Common hepatic duct Gallbladder Common bile duct Hepatopancreatic ampulla Major duodenal papilla

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the pancreas? a. The tail of the pancreas is adjacent to the curvature of the duodenum. b. The main pancreatic duct empties into the major duodenal papilla. c. Acini releases components of pancreatic juice, which eventually pass into the pancreatic duct. d. It has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

b. The main pancreatic duct empties into the major duodenal papilla. c. Acini releases components of pancreatic juice, which eventually pass into the pancreatic duct. d. It has both endocrine and exocrine functions.