Ch. 28

According to the best estimates, about how many people died in WW2?

50 million

How did the Soviet Union and Eastern European communist regimes treat displaced persons returning home after the war?

As politically unreliable because of their exposure to Western European society

How did Britain pursue different policies than most of Western European nations in the postwar era?

Britain instituted a cradle-to-grave welfare state

The ultimate goal of the plan for an international organization to coordinate coal and steel production in Europe was to

Create a single, competitive market in Europe

In the 1950s and 1960s, what became the basic objective of all Western European governments?

Economic growth

In 1954, Vietnam obtained Independence from

France

Why did the Council of Europeans fail to evolve into a European Parliament with sovereign rights?

Great Britain consistently opposed conceding any real political powered sovereignty to the council

How did the Pied-Noirs complicate the experience of decolonization in Algeria?

Having Lived in Algeria for several generations, these European Algerians threatened revolt against France if France did not oppose the Islamic independence movement

Why did Charles de Gaulle withdraw France from NATO?

He viewed the United States as the main threat to French independence

Which of the following best characterizes the results of the Marshall Plan?

It was one of the most successful foreign aid programs in history, preventing economic collapse in Western Europe

The weakness of Big Science was

Its high cost

How did Mao Zedong gain the support of peasantry in China?

Mao promised to expropriate land from large landowners

What was the consequence of Roosevelt's agreement with Slain at the Tehran Conference that the British-American armies would launch a frontal assault on France?

Only Soviet troops would liberate Eastern Europe

How did Big Science foster the Green Revolution?

Research into agriculture greatly increased the world food supply, using fewer workers and more productivity per acre

After WW2, the Soviet Union

Returned to the rigid dictatorship of the 1930s

Jews in Palestine proclaimed the state of Israel when

The British withdrew from Palestine in 1948

All of the following correctly describe decolonization of the Belgian Congo except

The Congolese political leaders promoted a Marxist agenda that included the confiscation of all lands and mineral wealth

Why was West Germany allowed to build an army after 1955?

The German army would permit Germany to defend itself from attack by the Soviet Union

How did the Soviet Union initially organize the Eastern European nations as it threw out pro-Nazi regimes?

The Soviet Union created coalition governments of leftist political parties but reserved key government posts for Moscow-trained communists

What did the Korean War demonstrate about Cold War relations?

The United States and Soviet Union would avoid open conflict in Europe but would engage in open conflict elsewhere in the world

How did the United States respond to the decolinization movement?

The United States had long opposed empire and encouraged European nations to let go of their foreign colonies

The goals of the Treaty of Rome in 1957 included all of the following except

The elimination of borders

Which of the following best characterizes east German governments response to the nationwide demonstrations against poor wages and working conditions in 1953?

The government permitted soviet troops to put down the revolt, jailed demonstrators, but then instituted reforms to respond to the demonstrators strongest demands

Changes in the structure of European society after WW2 were primarily the result of

economic and technological transformation

The advancement in military weaponry and the space race

fostered a revolution in computer technology

The growth of the middle class in the postwar era had been attributed primarily to

increased demand for experts and managers

The Bretton Woods agreement of 1944 accomplished all of the following except

requiring all western nations to abandon the gold standard

Khrushchev's de-stalinization campaign included all of the following except

the Communist party permitted elations at the local level from among competing communist candidates for office

By the time of the Yalta Conference, the position of the Soviet Union was much stronger in negotiations with the United States and Great Britain for all of the following reasons except

the Soviet Union had developed the technology to detonate a nuclear warhead

During the 1950s, the christian democrats across Europe endorsed all of the following positions except

they supported socialist economic policies