Ch. 28 EAQ

A patient is on oral theophylline and the health care provider orders a theophylline blood level to monitor effectiveness and also because of the risk for toxicity. The nurse would alert the health care provider at which blood levels? Select all that apply.

1 to 5 mcg/mL 15 to 25 mcg/mL 25 to 35 mcg/mL 35 to 45 mcg/mL

The early phase of an acute asthma episode begins when triggers such as allergens cause which response?

Activation of the inflammatory process constricting the airways.

For the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a risk for malnutrition related to which aspect of the disease?

Anorexia and dyspnea

Which disease process is a potentially reversible obstructive airway disorder characterized by airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and obstruction?

Asthma

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized as a combination of which conditions?

Asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema

When teaching a patient about ways to reduce the severity of asthma and asthma attacks, which measures would be included? Select all that apply.

Avoid animals with fur. Stay away from tobacco smoke. Have infections treated promptly.

A 78-year-old resident with asthma is suddenly exhibiting signs of dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, and audible expiratory wheezing. Which type of medication would assist with these acute symptoms?

Beta2-receptor agonist

The nurse is caring for a patient in status asthmaticus who has been severely wheezing for the past hour. The nurse enters the room to administer a corticosteroid and hears the wheezing stop. What would be the nurse's priority intervention?

Call a code.

Upon admission to a long-term care facility, a resident's health history reveals a persistent productive cough for 3 to 4 months each winter for the past 3 years. These symptoms are typically seen with which disease?

Chronic bronchitis

A patient has symptoms including chronic cough, sputum production, and dyspnea. On taking a detailed history, the nurse finds that this patient has had a prolonged exposure to smoke. The nurse realizes these symptoms correspond to which disease?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Which disorder is the likely cause of cor pulmonale?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A student nurse is assigned a patient who is diagnosed with centrilobular (centriacinar) emphysema. The student learns that this type of emphysema is primarily associated with which factor?

Cigarette smoking

What is the leading cause of lung cancer in the United States?

Cigarette smoking

A nurse assesses that a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has increased dyspnea over the past 12 hours, a heart rate of 98 beats per minute, and edema in the lower extremities. What is the initial nursing intervention?

Contact the health care provider to report the change of condition

Which area of care for a patient with a chronic respiratory disease can be safely assigned to the certified nursing assistant (CNA)?

Count the respiratory rate every 4 hours.

What is the hereditary disease characterized by altered function of the exocrine glands?

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute asthma. The nurse monitors for which symptom of impending respiratory failure?

Diaphoresis

While taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis, what must the patient avoid?

Eating foods such as cheddar cheese and tuna fish

The nurse is teaching a patient about oxygen use at home. The patient asks the nurse, "Does this mean that I will not be able to leave my bedroom?" Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

Encourage the patient to use long oxygen tubing to move easily within the home

A patient with emphysema is having increased dyspnea and is currently receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. The family member asks to turn up the oxygen to 6 L/min. What is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Examine the patient, and report findings to the health care provider

What strategy would the nurse teach the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as essential to perform for exercise reconditioning?

Exercise training

Which position maintains an effective breathing pattern in a patient with asthma?

Fowler

A patient is being treated with bupropion (Wellbutrin) for smoking cessation. She tells the nurse that she has a history of an eating disorder. Which member of the health care team is the most important for the nurse to notify?

Health care provider

The nurse is aware that which complication of COPD is the most serious?

Hypoventilation and ventilation-perfusion mismatch

The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is working with the local Department of Public Health to educate and screen patients for tuberculosis (TB). Which population of patients would be at highest risk for TB?

Immigrants from developing countries

The nurse is caring for a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which factor would the nurse consider?

Patients with CF often survive into adulthood

A patient is receiving corticosteroids for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Which is the most important aspect to consider in the plan of care?

Possibility of infection related to immune suppression of the steroids

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who is undernourished and underweight. Which actions can the nurse take to improve the patient's nutritional status? Select all that apply.

Provide five to six small meals per day. Assist with oral hygiene before the meal. Provide a diet high in protein and calories.

The nurse is caring for a patient with bronchiectasis and is aware that the primary cause of this disease in adults is related to which factor?

Recurring inflammatory conditions and infections

Which lung cancer diagnosis is associated with the fastest growth rate?

Small cell carcinoma

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing inadequate oxygenation. The nurse is aware that the patient will demonstrate which physical assessment findings? Select all that apply.

Tachycardia Tachypnea Increasing PaCO2 levels

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been referred to a pulmonary rehabilitation program. The nurse explains to the patient that a pulmonary rehabilitation program includes which activity?

Walking

The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is caring for a patient with active tuberculosis. Which is the nursing action that assists in preventing the spread of the infection?

Wear disposable particulate respirator masks when caring for the patient.

A patient with a history of asthma is experiencing severe, persistent bronchospasm. If not corrected, this can result in which condition?

Worsening hypoxemia

Which is an appropriate snack for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

half of a chicken salad sandwich on whole wheat bread

What is the most important topic for the nurse to address, when teaching a patient about reducing the risks of lung cancer?

smoking cessation