CH. 3 PSYCH

Which of the following areas is involved in speech production?

A. Broca's area

________ is the electrical signal that typically moves from the cell body down the axon to the axon terminals.

A. action potential

The ________ is involved in our experience of aggression and fear..

A. amygdala

Which of the following senses is associated with the temporal lobe?

A. audition

Which of the following higher level processes is not a function of the cerebral cortex?

A. breathing

The ________ receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills.

A. cerebellum

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________.

A. depression

________ is a neurotransmitter with roles in pleasure and pain modulation.

B. beta-endorphin

________ is a neurotransmitter involved in mood, reward, addiction, and motor behavior.

B. dopamine

Elaina has been diagnosed with a small brain tumor. She first went to see her doctor after experiencing symptoms such as feeling very cold, almost fainting, a reduced appetite, and reduced sexual desire. Which of the following structures is her tumor most likely affecting?

B. hypothalamus

Jennifer has been depressed for several months, and she decided to take an overdose of sleeping pills. After taking the pills, her breathing rate decreased dramatically, her heart slowed down, and her blood pressure decreased. Which brain structure is the drug acting on?

B. medulla

The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and causing the bladder to contract.

B. parasympathetic

The space between two neurons is called the ________.

B. synapse

The pre-frontal cortex is responsible for:

C. Attention, self-control, planning, and self-awareness

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.

C. central; peripheral nervous systems

Dmitris is in a car accident and his parietal lobe is injured. Which of the following is the most likely behavioral effect of his accident?

C. no sensation in his legs and feet

Sensory and motor neurons of the ________ nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.

C. somatic

The ________ of a neuron contain ________ that house neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the nervous system.

C. terminal buttons; synaptic vesicles

A particular electrical signal being transmitted to a neuron is sufficient to generate an action potential. If the magnitude of the incoming electrical signal is doubled, the action potential will ________.

C. undergo no changes in strength, speed, or duration

Rosemary had a stroke about a year ago and now she cannot understand what people are saying to her. This is embarrassing for her, so she responds using vague language and tries to make it appear as though she understands. Which area of Rosemary's brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

D. Wernicke's area

The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________.

D. spinal cord

The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.

D. sympathetic

The somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing ________.

D. temperature, touch, and pain

The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain?

D. temporal

The myelin sheath:

insulates the neuron and speeds neural transmission