Ch. 3 W

into the cell

If the solute concentration is greater inside of the cell than outside the cell, water will move by osmosis

Mitsosis/citokinesis

In somatic cell division, a cell undergoes a nuclear division called ____, and a division of its cytoplasm called _____.

True

In the passive processes of simple diffusion and osmosis, substances and water move down their concentration gradients, moving from areas of higher concentrations to areas of lower concentrations.

Primary Active transport

In this transport process, the energy from hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients.

Facilitated Diffusion

In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane.

True

Insulin production can lead to the production of more glucose transporters for the plasma membrane.

Meotic prophase 1

Sister chromatids of a pair of homologous chromosomes form tetrads, and crossing-over (exchange of genetic information between regions of non-sister chromatids in the tetrad) occurs during which phase?

Passive transport

Water enters the cell via

Fatty acid tail groups

What are the nonpolar parts of phospholipids?

plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell?

Secondary active transport

What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na+ or H+ concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients?

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

What types of RNA are made from the DNA template?

Lipid bilayer

Which of the following best describes the basic structure of the plasma membrane of a cell?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles is the site of synthesis of membrane proteins and secretory proteins?

Golgi complex

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles modifies, sorts, and packages proteins destined for other regions of the cell?

Exocytosis

Which of the following transport processes uses vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the extracellular fluid?

Receptors

Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding to hormones and neurotransmitters?

True

tRNA carries a new amino acid to the ribosome-mRNA complex.

True

A gene codes for a specific protein.

takes place during S interphase of the cell cycle

DNA repication

Interphas

During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins.

anaphase

During this phase of cell division, the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cells. The cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase.

UUU

During transcription, AAA in DNA would be paired with the mRNA codon

True

Gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion, because they are uncharged, nonpolar molecules.

cytoskelaton

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules are all components of a cell's

True

Passive transport always moves molecules down their concentration gradient.

selectively permeable

Plasma membranes are _____, which means that some chemicals move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not.

organelles

Specialized structures within a cell that have a characteristic shape and perform specific functions in cellular growth, maintenance and reproduction are called

True

Translation requires mRNA, tRNA and a ribosome.

generate ATP

The major function of mitochondria is to

False

The majority of the plasma membrane is made from phospholipids that have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails.

Nucleolus

The nucleus of a cell contains one or more of these structures that are the site of production of ribosomes.

phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids.

The three main components of the lipid bilayer portion of a plasma membrane are

Enzymes

This type of membrane protein enables cells to catalyze specific chemical reactions at the inner or outer surface of their plasma membrane.

True

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.