Ch. 30 Lewis
A patient with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has an order for a platelet transfusion. Which information indicates that the nurse should consult with the health care provider before obtaining and administering platelets? a. Platelet count is 42,000/L. b. Blood pressure is 94/56 mm Hg. c. Petechiae are present on the chest. d. Blood is oozing from the venipuncture site.
A
A patient with septicemia develops prolonged bleeding from venipuncture sites and blood in the stools. Which action is most important for the nurse to take? a. Notify the patient's physician. b. Avoid unnecessary venipunctures. c. Apply sterile dressings to the sites. d. Give prescribed proton-pump inhibitors.
A
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who has thalassemia major? a. Administer chelation therapy as needed. b. Teach the patient to use iron supplements. c. Avoid the use of intramuscular injections. d. Notify health care provider of hemoglobin 11 g/dL.
A
Which menu choice indicates that the patient understands the nurse's teaching about best dietary choices for iron-deficiency anemia? a. Omelet and whole wheat toast b. Cantaloupe and cottage cheese c. Strawberry and banana fruit plate d. Cornmeal muffin and orange juice
A
Which newly admitted patient should the nurse assign as a roommate for a patient who has aplastic anemia? a. A patient with severe heart failure b. A patient who has viral pneumonia c. A patient who has right leg cellulitis d. A patient with multiple abdominal drains
A
Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a patient admitted with multiple myeloma? a. Monitor fluid intake and output. b. Administer calcium supplements. c. Assess lymph nodes for enlargement. d. Limit weight-bearing and ambulation.
A
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma whose platelet count drops to 18,000/µL during chemotherapy? a. Test all stools for occult blood. b. Encourage fluids to 3000 mL/day. c. Provide oral hygiene every 2 hours. d. Check the temperature every 4 hours.
A
Which patient statemetn to the nurse indicates a need for additional instruction about taking oral ferrous sulfate? a. "I will call the doctor if my stools start to turn black." b. "I will take a stool softener if I feel constipated occasionally." c. "I should take the iron with orange juice about an hour before eating." d. "I should increase my fluid and fiber intake while I am taking the iron tablets."
A
3. A patient who has a history of a transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is to receive a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which action by the nurse will decrease the risk for TRALI for this patient? a. Infuse PRBCs slowly over 4 hours. b. Transfuse leukocyte-reduced PRBCs. c. Administer the prescribed diuretic before the transfusion. d. Give the PRN dose of antihistamine before the transfusion.
B
3. A patient who has acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) asks the nurse whether the planned chemotherapy will be worth undergoing. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. "If you do not want to have chemotherapy, other treatment options include stem cell transplantation." b. "The side effects of chemotherapy are difficult, but AML often goes into remission with chemotherapy." c. "The decision about treatment is one that you and the doctor need to make rather than asking what I would do." d. "You don't need to make a decision about treatment right now because leukemias in adults tend to progress slowly."
B
3. Which problem reported by a patient with hemophilia is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider? a. Leg bruises b. Tarry stools c. Skin abrasions d. Bleeding gums
B
A patient receiving outpatient chemotherapy for myelogenous leukemia develops an absolute neutrophil count of 850/µL. Which collaborative action should the outpatient clinic nurse anticipate?? a. Discuss the need for hospital admission to treat the neutropenia. b. Teach the patient to administer filgrastim (Neupogen) injections. c. Plan to discontinue the chemotherapy until the neutropenia resolves. d. Order a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter for the patient's home.
B
A patient who has acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is considering treatment with a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). What is the best approach for the nurse to assist the patient with this treatment decision? a. Discuss the need for insurance to cover post-HSCT care. b. Inquire whether there are questions or concerns about HSCT. c. Emphasize the positive outcomes of a bone marrow transplant. d. Explain that a cure is not possible with any treatment except HSCT.
B
A patient who has been receiving a heparin infusion and warfarin (Coumadin) for a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is diagnosed with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care? a. Use low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) only. b. Flush all intermittent IV lines using normal saline. c. Administer the warfarin (Coumadin) at the scheduled time. d. Teach the patient about the purpose of platelet transfusions.
B
A patient who is receiving methotrexate develops a megaloblastic anemia. The nurse will anticipate teaching the patient about increasing oral intake of a. iron. b. folic acid. c. cobalamin (vitamin B12). d. ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
B
A patient with possible disseminated intravascular coagulation arrives in the emergency department with a blood pressure of 82/40, temperature 102° F (38.9° C), and severe back pain. Which of these physician orders will the nurse implement first? a. Administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV. b. Infuse normal saline 500 mL over 30 minutes. c. Draw blood for complete blood count and coagulation studies. d. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg for temperature 102° F or higher.
B
A routine complete blood count for an active older man indicates possible myelodysplastic syndrome. What should the nurse plan to explain to the patient? a. Blood transfusion b. Bone marrow biopsy c. Filgrastim administration d. Erythropoietin administration
B
A young adult who has von Willebrand disease is admitted to the hospital for minor knee surgery. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor? a. Platelet count b. Bleeding time c. Thrombin time d. Prothrombin time
B
After receiving change-of-shift report for the following four patients with neutropenia, which patient should the nurse assess first? a. 66-year-old who has white pharyngeal lesions b. 33-year-old who has a fever of 100.8° F (38.2° C) c. 56-year-old who has frequent explosive diarrhea d. 23-year old who is complaining of severe fatigue
B
Several patients call the outpatient clinic and ask to make an appointment as soon as possible. Which patient should the nurse schedule to be seen first? a. A 44-yr-old with sickle cell anemia who says his eyes always look yellow b. A 23-yr-old with no previous health problems who has a nontender axillary lump c. A 50-yr-old with early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia who reports chronic fatigue d. A 19-yr-old with hemophilia who wants to learn to self-administer factor VII replacement
B
The nurse has obtained the health history, physical assessment data, and laboratory results shown in the accompanying figure for a patient admitted with aplastic anemia. Which information is most important to communicate to the health care provider? History: Fatigue, which has increased over last month, frequent constipation Physical Assessment: Conjunctiva pale pink, moist, multiple bruises, clear lung sounds Laboratory Results: Hct 33%, WBC 1500, Platelets 70,000. a. Bruising b. Neutropenia c. Increasing fatigue d. Thrombocytopenia
B
The nurse is caring for a patient with type A hemophilia being admitted to the hospital with severe pain and swelling in the right knee. Which action should the nurse take? a. Apply heat to the knee. b. Immobilize the knee joint. c. Assist the patient with light weight bearing. d. Perform passive range of motion to the knee.
B
The nurse is planning to administer a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a patient with blood loss from gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Which action can the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? a. Verify the patient identification (ID) according to hospital policy. b. Obtain the patient's temperature and blood pressure before the transfusion. c. Double-check the product numbers on the PRBCs with the patient ID band. d. Monitor the patient for shortness of breath or chest pain during the transfusion.
B
The nurse observes scleral jaundice in a patient being admitted with hemolytic anemia. Which laboratory result the nurse should check? a. the Schilling test. b. the bilirubin level. c. the stool occult blood test. d. the gastric analysis testing.
B
When a patient with splenomegaly is scheduled for splenectomy, which action will the nurse include in the preoperative plan of care? a. Recommend ibuprofen for left upper quadrant pain. b. Schedule immunization with the pneumococcal vaccine. c. Avoid the use of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for 2 weeks prior to surgery. d. Discourage deep breathing and coughing to reduce risk for splenic rupture.
B
Which action will the admitting nurse include in the care plan for a patient who has neutropenia? a. Avoid intramuscular injections. b. Check temperature every 4 hours. c. Place a "No Visitors" sign on the door. d. Omit fruits and vegetables from the diet.
B
Which information obtained by the nurse assessing a patient admitted with multiple myeloma is most important to report to the health care provider? a. Patient reports severe back pain. b. Serum calcium level is 15 mg/dL. c. Patient reports no stool for 5 days. d. Urine sample has Bence-Jones protein.
B
Which instruction will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a patient admitted with a sickle cell crisis? a. Limit fluids to 2 to 3 quarts per day. b. Avoid exposure to crowds when possible. c. Take a daily multivitamin supplement with iron. d. Drink no more than two caffeinated beverages daily.
B
Which nursing intervention is important when providing care for a patient with sickle cell crisis? a. Limiting the patient's intake of oral and IV fluids b. Evaluating the effectiveness of opioid analgesics c. Encouraging the patient to ambulate as much as tolerated d. Teaching the patient about high-protein, high-calorie foods
B
Which nursing intervention will be included in the care plan for a patient with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)? a. Assign the patient to a private room. b. Avoid intramuscular (IM) injections. c. Use rinses rather than a toothbrush for oral care. d. Restrict activity to passive and active range of motion.
B
Which of the following assessment data obtained by the nurse when caring for a patient with thrombocytopenia should be immediately communicated to the health care provider? a. The platelet count is 52,000/µl. b. The patient is difficult to arouse. c. There are large bruises on the back. d. There are purpura on the oral mucosa.
B
Which patient requires the most rapid assessment and care by the emergency department nurse? a. The patient with hemochromatosis who reports abdominal pain. b. The patient with neutropenia who has a temperature of 101.8° F. c. The patient with thrombocytopenia who has oozing gums after a tooth extraction. The patient with sickle cell anemia who has had nausea and diarrhea for 24 hours.
B
Which potential complication should the nurse identify as a high risk for a patient admitted to the hospital with idiopathic aplastic anemia? a. seizures b. infection c. neurogenic shock d. pulmonary edema
B
A patient statement to the nurse indicates that the patient understands self-care for pernicious anemia. a. "I need to start eating more red meat or liver." b. "I will stop having a glass of wine with dinner." c. "I could choose nasal spray rather than injections of vitamin B12." d. "I will need to take a proton pump inhibitor like omeprazole (Prilosec)."
C
An adult male with anemia is experiencing increased fatigue and occasional palpitations at rest. The nurse would expect the patient's laboratory findings to include a. normal red blood cell (RBC) indices. b. a hematocrit (Hct) of 38%. c. a hemoglobin (Hb) of 8.6 g/dL (86 g/L). d. an RBC count of 4,500,000/L.
C
Which action for a patient with neutropenia is appropriate for the registered nurse (RN) to delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN)? a. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of infection b. Teaching the patient the purpose of neutropenic precautions c. Administering subcutaneous filgrastim (Neupogen) injection Developing a discharge teaching plan for the patient and family
C
Which finding about a patient with polycythemia vera is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider? a. Hematocrit 55% b. Presence of plethora c. Calf swelling and pain Platelet count 450,000
C
Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for a hospitalized patient with severe hemolytic anemia? a. provide a diet high in vitamin K. b. place the patient on protective isolation. c. alternate periods of rest and activity. d. teach the patient how to avoid injury.
C
3. What action is expected by the nurse caring for a patient who has an acute exacerbation of polycythemia vera? a. place the patient on bed rest. b. administer iron supplements. c. avoid use of aspirin products. d. monitor fluid intake and output.
D
A patient in the emergency department reports back pain and difficulty breathing 15 minutes after a transfusion of packed red blood cells is started. What should the nurse's first action be? a. Administer oxygen therapy at a high flowrate. b. Obtain a urine specimen to send to the laboratory. c. Notify the health care provider about the symptoms. d. Disconnect the transfusion and infuse normal saline.
D
A patient who has non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving combination treatment with rituximab (Rituxan) and chemotherapy. Which patient assessment finding requires the most rapid action by the nurse? a. Anorexia b. Vomiting c. Oral ulcers d. Lip swelling
D
A postoperative patient receiving a transfusion of packed red blood cells develops chills, fever, headache, and anxiety 35 minutes after the transfusion is started. After stopping the transfusion, what action should the nurse take? a. Send a urine specimen to the laboratory. b. Administer PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol). c. Draw blood for a new type and crossmatch. d. Give the prescribed PRN diphenhydramine.
D
Following successful treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma for a 55-yr-old woman, which topic will the nurse include in patient teaching? a. Potential impact of chemotherapy treatment on fertility b. Application of soothing lotions to treat residual pruritus c. Use of maintenance chemotherapy to maintain remission d. Need for follow-up appointments to screen for malignancy
D
Which information is most important for the nurse to monitor when evaluating the effectiveness of deferoxamine (Desferal) for a patient with hemochromatosis? a. Skin color b. Hematocrit c. Liver function d. Serum iron level
D
Which laboratory result will the nurse expect to show a decreased value if a patient develops heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)? a. Prothrombin time b. Erythrocyte count c. Fibrinogen degradation products d. Activated partial thromboplastin time
D
Which laboratory test will the nurse use to determine whether filgrastim (Neupogen) is effective for a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy? a. Platelet count b. Reticulocyte count c. Total lymphocyte count d. Absolute neutrophil count
D
Which statement by a patient with sickle cell anemia indicates good understanding of the nurse's teaching about prevention of sickle cell crisis? a. "Home oxygen therapy is frequently used to decrease sickling." b. "There are no effective medications that can help prevent sickling." c. "Routine continuous dosage narcotics are prescribed to prevent a crisis." d. "Risk for a crisis can be lowered by having an annual influenza vaccination."
D