Ch 35: Pre-Test

How would you classify an environmental emergency in which a child stepped on a surgeon and got the spine embedded in his foot?:

A bite or sting.

How does the body compensate in the short term for the increased atmospheric pressure—and resulting in decreased amount of air to breathe—at increased altitudes?:

A person breathes more rapidly and more deeply.

A 38-year-old male is in the water, and requires rescue. What would be best to extend him to pull him to safety?:

A rope.

Why does high altitude pulmonary edema take longer to develop than acute mountain sickness or high altitude cerebral edema?:

It takes several days for fluid to build up in the lungs.

Cooling or freezing particular parts of the body is:

Local cooling.

What should be done in emergency care of a patient with a heat-related emergency who has moist, pale-to-normal skin?:

Loosen or remove clothing to cool the patient off.

When removing an alert hypoglemic patient from a cold environment, and are now ready to begin actively rewarming, what should you NOT do?:

Massage the patient's extremities.

Very cold water:

May increase the chance of resuscitation.

What is true of insect bites in stings?:

Most insect bites and stings are considered minor unless the patient has an allergic reaction.

What is the highest priority in managing a patient with a heat-related emergency?:

Move the patient to a cool environment.

When performing active rewarming, you should:

Not delay transport.

What position should you be in when rescuing someone from water?:

On your stomach.

Which intervention is indicated for all hypothermic patients?:

Passive rewarming.

What is appropriate for actively rewarming a hypothermic patient?:

Place heat packs on the groin, neck, armpits, and chest.

Chi do effectively managing in environmental emergency is _______ in providing prompt and proper emergency care:

Recognizing any preexisting conditions the patient has.

You are treating a patient for an insect sting, and during your assessment you see the stinger. You should:

Remove the stinger as quickly as possible by the best available means.

What is typically a source of heat for the body?:

Shivering.

During an environmental emergency, patients who are under the influence of alcohol:

Tend to be affected more rapidly and severely.

Active rewarming is used for hypothermic​ patients:

Who are responding appropriately.

Do environmental emergencies occur in any setting—wilderness, rural, suburban, and urban?:

Yes.

You may encounter airway resistance as as you ventilate a drowning victim. This means:

You will probably have to ventilate more forcefully than with other patients.

Which of the following combinations of findings makes a patient with a potential heat-related emergency the highest priority for transport?:

Hot skin and (AMS).

A 41-year-old me and was found in the backyard by a neighbor. The weather is hot and humid, in the patient had been doing yardwork all day. The patient skin is red, hot, and moist, and his clothes show signs of heavy preparation. He is not alert, but responds to verbal stimuli. Which of the following heat related emergencies should you most suspect?: A. Heat stroke B. Hypothermia C. Transient ischemic attack D. Heat cramps

A. Heat stroke.

At what body temperature does shivering typically occur?:

Around 96°F

In a water related accident, which of the following is LEAST likely to lead to an airway obstruction?: A. Swollen tissues in the neck B. Hypothermia C. Foreign matter in the airway D. Water in the lungs

B. Hypothermia.

Which of the following body areas is most susceptible to frostnip?: A. Posterior thighs B. Nose C. Abdominal area D. Medial aspects of the upper arm

B. Nose.

High humidity: A. Increases convection. B. Slows evaporation. C. Warms inhaled air. D. Absorbs more heat.

B. Slows evaporation.

Which of the following is a characteristic really sign of frostbite?: A. The skin of the affected area is grayish-blue B. The skin of the affected area is white and waxy C. The affected area is frozen solid D. The body core temperature is less than 95°F

B. The skin of the affected area is white and waxy.

Are brown recluse bites painful?:

Brown recluse bites are usually painless.

Which of the following patients will show the effects of a heat or cold emergency sooner than other patients?: A. A patient with a history of hypotension. B. A patient who works outside regularly. C. A chronically ill patient. D. A patient who is 35 years old.

C. A chronically ill patient.

Which of the following is a sign of SEVERE hypothermia?: A. Tachypnea B. Tachycardia C. Absence of shivering D. Shivering

C. ABSENCE OF SHIVERING

Which of the following descriptions best characterizes deep frostbite?: A. Vasoconstriction and decreasing circulation develop. B. The epidermis turns red from exposure to the cold. C. Body tissue becomes frozen. D. The body's core temperature drops below 95°F.

C. Body tissue becomes frozen.

What is a risk of active rewarming:

Cardiac arrest.

The specific term for application of heat to the lateral chest, neck, armpit, and groin of a hypodermic patient is:

Central rewarming.

During primary assessment of a hypothermic patient, you should:

Check the patient's orientation to person, place, and time, if the patient is awake.

What cannot be done to a drowning patient still in the water?

Chest compressions.

What is a sign or symptom common to air emboli and decompression sickness?:

Chest pain.

What is the mechanism that causes the body to lose heat?:

Conduction.

Which poisonous snake is native to the United States?:

Copperhead.

A man is spending a day fishing in an area where temperatures are over 90°F. Which of the following conditions would be most likely to increase his risk of a heat-related emergency?:

Drinking.

What factor plays a role in an increased volume of drowning in adolescents and adults?:

Drug or alcohol use.

What can deceive people into overexertion and hyperthermia?:

Dry heat.

What occurs when the body perspires or gets wet?:

Evaporation.

You are caring for an unresponsive hypodermic patient who was found outdoors. Once you determine the scene is safe, which of the following is your first priority?:

Getting the patient out of the cold environment.

You are treating a patient at high altitude who complains of shortness of breathe at rest. She has a dry cough and a mild fever. While you are gathering her history, she begins coughing up blood. You should suspect:

High-altitude pulmonary edema.