Ch 4 Module

Dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk for________.

*All options are correct.* heart disease certain cancers constipation, diverticulosis, and diverticulitis

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) recommendation is that _____ percent of an adult's total daily energy intake should come from carbohydrate.

45 to 65

If a food contains 25 grams of carbohydrate and 200 kilocalories per serving, what percent of the kilocalories in this food come from carbohydrate?

50 percent

Where in the body are disaccharides digested and absorbed?

The small intestine

Which of the following can help someone who is lactose intolerant enjoy dairy products?

*All options are correct.* Drinking lactose-reduced milk Consuming small amounts of dairy throughout the day Consuming breakfast cereal with yogurt instead of milk

Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?

*All options are correct.* Starch Fiber Glycogen

Which of the following behaviors can help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes?

*All options are correct.* limiting added sugar eating a balanced, high-fiber, healthy diet exercising regularly exercising regularly and eating a balanced, high-fiber, healthy diet

The minimum amount of carbohydrates needed daily is _____ grams.

130

Carbohydrates provide ____ kilocalories per gram.

4

What hormone, released from the pancreas in response to a low blood glucose level, acts to raise blood glucose back to normal?

Glucagon

_____ is the storage form of glucose in the body.

Glycogen

What hormone is needed to move glucose (obtained from the food consumed) from the blood into the body's cells?

Insulin

Which of the following types of grains provide the most micronutrients and dietary fiber?

Whole grains

The disaccharide lactose (milk sugar) is composed of ________.

a molecule of glucose and a molecule of galactose

People with the inherited disorder known as phenylketonuria (PKU) are unable to metabolize which of the following sweeteners?

aspartame (NutraSweet or Equal)

Sucrose is a _____.

disaccharide

The small bulging pouches that are sometimes found along the intestinal lining are called _____.

diverticula

Which of the following nutrients are added to enriched grains?

folic acid, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron

The hormone that directs the breakdown of glycogen into glucose is _____.

glucagon

The process of making glucose from noncarbohydrate sources is called ________.

gluconeogenesis

The most abundant carbohydrate in nature is ________.

glucose

People with a deficiency of the enzyme lactase cannot properly digest ________.

lactose (milk sugar)

Eating foods high in soluble fiber may help to reduce high blood cholesterol levels. The best source of soluble fiber is _____.

oatmeal

Which of the following foods contains the least amount of fiber?

one serving of meat

Reducing the consumption of _______ will have the biggest impact on decreasing the amount of added sugars that Americans consume.

sodas, energy drinks, and sports drinks

Which of the following provides at least one serving of a whole-grain food?

three-fourths cup of cooked oatmeal with fat-free milk

The autoimmune disease that destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas is called ______________ .

type 1 diabetes