ch 4 ocg

The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the: crest of a mid-ocean ridge. continental shelf. continental rise. abyssal plain far from a continent. All of the above locations contain manganese nodules.

abyssal plain far from a continent.

Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called: volcanogenic. biogenous. cosmogenous. lithogenous. hydrogenous.

cosmogenous.

Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are called: biogenous. terrigenous. hydrogenous. volcanogenic. cosmogenous.

biogenous.

Marine sediments that originate in the warm tropical surface ocean would create deposits in the deep sea composed primarily of ___________. metal sulfides volcanic ash quartz sand silica calcium carbonate

calcium carbonate

Neritic sediments are most likely to be composed of __________. sand, silt, and gravel basalt fragments and metallic sulfides red clay biogenic ooze halite, gypsum, and anhydrite

sand, silt, and gravel

Calcareous ooze is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Biogenous Sediment

Siliceous ooze is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Biogenous Sediment

Which of the following are microscopic, single-celled floating algae that accumulate to form biogenous sediment? Choose all that apply. Tektites Coccolithophores Foraminifers Radiolarians Diatoms

Coccolithophores Diatoms

Micrometeorites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Cosmogenous Sediment

Which of the following contains the most organic carbon on Earth? Soil Fossil Fuels Living organisms Gas hydrates Peat

Gas hydrates

Which of the following is a hollow steel tube with a heavy weight on top that is to collect sediment samples? Rotary corer Long line Dredge Seiche disk Gravity corer

Gravity corer

Oolites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Hydrogenous Sediment

Rock salt (halite) is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Hydrogenous Sediment

Abyssal clay is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Sandstone is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Shale is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Terrigenous sediment is another name for which of the following? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Which of the following natural gasses is most common in gas hydrates from under the ocean floor? Ethane Propane Hydrogen sulfide Carbon dioxide Methane

Methane

The ancient remains of which of the following, buried before they could decompose, are the source of today's petroleum deposits? Peat and coal Microscopic organisms Land based plants Fish and amphibians Dinosaurs

Microscopic organisms

What percentage of the rocks exposed on the continents originated as sedimentary rocks deposited in ancient ocean environments? More than fifty percent Twenty to thirty percent Forty to fifty percent Less than twenty percent Thirty to forty percent

More than fifty percent

Which of the following is the most advanced technology used to collect sediment samples from the deep ocean? Seiche disk Gravity corer Rotary corer Dredge Long line

Rotary corer

Ocean sediments consist of particles that have slowly settled out of the water by which of the following the processes? Sediment compaction Paleooceanography Suspension settling Grain lithification Porosity reduction

Suspension settling

Collecting adequate samples from which of the following is the most difficult? Continental shelf The deep-ocean floor Marine sediments on land Estuaries and lagoons

The deep-ocean floor

Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by: the wind. organisms a river delta. a glacier. a volcanic eruption.

a glacier.

The sea floor provides the largest reservoir of usable energy in the ocean, and likely the world, in the form of ______________. crude oil coal halites clathrates phosphorites

clathrates

From smallest to largest, which list of sediment particle sizes is in the correct order? silt, clay, sand, pebbles clay, silt, sand, pebbles clay, sand, silt, pebbles pebbles, sand, silt, clay sand, silt, clay, pebbles

clay, silt, sand, pebbles

A very important way to increase the settling rate of fine particles in the open ocean is via: carbonate dissolution. precipitation. fecal pellets. deposit feeders. wind.

fecal pellets.

The main energy resources associated with marine sediments are petroleum and ________. coal rare-earth elements wind power gas hydrates ethanol

gas hydrates

Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called: volcanogenic. biogenous. lithogenous. cosmogenous. hydrogenous.

hydrogenous.

High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following? clay-sized particles cosmogenous sediments large particles such as gravel manganese nodules silt-sized particles

large particles such as gravel

Sediments derived from pre-existing rocks on land are called: biogenous. volcanogenic. hydrogenous. cosmogenous. lithogenous.

lithogenous.

Of the following sediments, which one(s) is/are considered hydrogenous? Choose all that apply. radiolarian ooze abyssal clay tests of foraminifers manganese nodules black volcanic beach sand coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers

manganese nodules coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers

The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is: abyssal clay deposits. manganese nodule deposits. neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits. pelagic biogenous calcareous deposits. neritic siliceous sediment deposits.

neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits.

The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called ________. dilution destruction ecology productivity erosion

productivity