Ch 49 patho

Which statement will the nurse impart to the parent of a child with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? "This disease is very common." "This disease mainly affects females." "The most common age at diagnosis is 15 years." "A genetic pattern for this disease has not been established."

"A genetic pattern for this disease has not been established."

What information would the nurse include when teaching potential parents about prevention of congenital deformities? Select all that apply. "Limit exposure to alcohol." "Do not take any medication without first talking to your health care provider." "Do not stay out in the sun." "Avoid exercising while pregnant."

"Limit exposure to alcohol." "Do not take any medication without first talking to your health care provider."

A couple has just learned their neonate is diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta, and they ask, "What caused our child to get this disease?" What should the health care provider teach the couple about their neonate's condition? "This is something that your child may have inherited from one or both or you." "This might have been caused by something you were exposed to during the early part of your pregnancy." "You will have to be vigilant of your child's safety for the next few years, but the disease often resolves spontaneously." "With aggressive treatment, most children with osteogenesis imperfecta are cured within several months."

"This is something that your child may have inherited from one or both or you."

A physician is providing care for several clients on a hospital-based medical ward. Which client is most likely to experience chronic fatigue? 51-year-old woman admitted for exacerbation of her multiple sclerosis. 33-year-old man with cellulitis to his lower leg. 45-year-old female paraplegic with a necrotic ischial wound. 68-year-old woman admitted for a rectovaginal fistula.

51-year-old woman admitted for exacerbation of her multiple sclerosis.

What is the definition of a congenital deformity? Abnormalities occurring after birth Abnormalities present at birth Deformities occurring at inception Deformities occurring from the birthing process

Abnormalities present at birth

Which best describes metatarsus adductus? An adducted forefoot that gives the foot a kidney-shaped appearance An abnormal rotation of the hip A condition of toeing-out caused by external femoral torsion A condition involving a congenital dislocation at the hip

An adducted forefoot that gives the foot a kidney-shaped appearance

Which clients should the nurse assess to determine if they have premature osteoporosis? Anyone under the age of 20. Anyone with an eating disorder. Clients who run daily. Anyone over the age of 70.

Anyone with an eating disorder.

Which assessment technique/sign should the nurse utilize on a newborn to screen for developmental dysplasia of the hip? Barlow Homans McMurray Babinski

Barlow

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. Why is it first noticed? Because of the deformity it causes Because the child cannot stand straight Because of the pain it causes Because the child cannot walk straight

Because of the deformity it causes

What diagnostic/lab testing helps to confirm the diagnosis of Paget's disease? Select all that apply. Bone deformities Changes noted on x-ray Increased serum alkaline phosphatase Bone scans Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit Elevated white blood cell count

Bone deformities Changes noted on x-ray Increased serum alkaline phosphatase Bone scans

The nurse is caring for several clients who have chronic fatigue. Which intervention is the appropriate match for the cause of the clients' fatigue? Clients with end-stage renal disease receiving erythropoietin Clients with insomnia who are served hot chocolate at bedtime Clients with loss of muscle mass who are given analgesics Clients with depression who are given a sedative

Clients with end-stage renal disease receiving erythropoietin

The older adult client tells the nurse that she believes she is getting shorter. The nurse explains to the client that height loss is caused by which occurrence with aging? Compression of the vertebral column Decreased lean body mass Reduction in muscle strength Osteoarthritis

Compression of the vertebral column

Osteoporosis is a disease caused by demineralization of bone. What is the clinical method of choice for diagnosing osteoporosis? Serum calcium levels Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and hip Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest cavity and femur Body mass index (BMI)

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and hip

Which cardiovascular response will the nurse assess in order to determine that a client has activity intolerance? Dyspnea during activity Increased respiratory rate during activity Increased heart rate during activity Increased blood pressure during activity

Dyspnea during activity

Which symptoms commonly occur with Osgood-Schlatter disease? Select all that apply. Knee pain Edema of the knee Tenderness in the knee and tibia Femoral pain Foot pain

Knee pain Edema of the knee Tenderness in the knee and tibia

Which statement correctly describes osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease? Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by deficiencies in the synthesis of type I collagen. Osteogenesis imperfecta is an extremely rare disease, with only about 2,000 cases in the United States. Osteogenesis imperfecta results in a thickening of the bones. Osteogenesis imperfecta is not a hereditary disorder.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by deficiencies in the synthesis of type I collagen.

After a week in which a client worked four 12-hour shifts and went home to two children with the flu, the client is feeling fatigued. How should this client's fatigue be categorized? Physiologic Psychological Pathologic Idiopathic

Physiologic

A 16-month-old boy has a normal weight for his age but a height far below the normal range. His list of symptoms includes a protruding abdomen, lethargy, bow legs, muscle weakness, and irritability. His teeth have not yet developed and he has difficulty standing. What is the child's most likely diagnosis? Rickets Rachitic rosary Paget disease Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Rickets

The health care provider is explaining the course of treatment to the parents of a 2-day-old infant born with congenital clubfoot. Which treatment options will likely be discussed? Serial manipulations and casting of the affected extremity Immediate corrective surgery Bilateral hip spica cast Steroids and pain medication

Serial manipulations and casting of the affected extremity

The nurse concludes that the participants of a community education class on prevention of osteoporosis are understanding the information when they identify which cause as a potential risk factor? Select all that apply. Smoking High-protein diet Alcoholism Excessive caffeine intake Large bone structure

Smoking High-protein diet Alcoholism Excessive caffeine intake

Which assessment finding is a negative cardiac response to exercise? The client's heart rate increases. The client's venous return increases. The client's stroke volume increases. The client's diastolic blood pressure increases.

The client's diastolic blood pressure increases.

A postmenopausal client questions the nurse about the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which statement describes the pathology of osteoporosis? The process of bone renewal after menopause is slowed in relation to the occurrence of bone breakdown. Estrogen levels increase with menopause and contribute to bone loss. Bone loss occurs after multiple infections occur throughout a lifetime. Osteoporosis can be resolved with increasing calcium intake to strengthen the bones.

The process of bone renewal after menopause is slowed in relation to the occurrence of bone breakdown.

The nurse suspects idiopathic scoliosis in a client based on which assessment finding? Uneven shoulders or iliac crest Late onset of first menarche Loss of bone density confirmed with x-ray Reports of back pain in the teen years

Uneven shoulders or iliac crest

A daughter is concerned because her elderly parent has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. The daughter asks the nurse why this happened. The best response would be that: intestinal absorption slows as natural aging occurs. her parent is consuming a diet high in calcium. there is an absorption of too much vitamin D. her parent is not using any sunscreens to help with absorption.

intestinal absorption slows as natural aging occurs.

A child with Osgood-Schlatter disease most often presents with which assessment finding? pain in front of the knee pain in the hip inability to walk no symptoms

pain in front of the knee

The nurse is providing teaching for parents of a 2-week-old infant just diagnosed with clubfoot. The nurse includes that the first treatment option is: serial manipulations and casting. percutaneous tendoachilles lengthening. full-time wearing of Denis Brown splint. surgical relaxation of foot ligaments and tendons.

serial manipulations and casting.