Ch 6 Study Guide
Good ____________ do not allow heat to move easily through them.
insulators
List the correct sequence of strokes in a 4-stroke engine.
intake, compression, power, exhaust
Gasoline engines and diesel engines are
internal combustion engines
large windows on the south side of building
passive solar
Energy from the Sun travels to Earth as
radiant energy
The inside surface of the glass inside a vacuum bottle is coated with aluminum to prevent heat loss by ______________.
radiation
The transfer of energy that does NOT require matter is
radiation
Thermal energy is transferred from a tanning bed in a room primarily by ___________.
radiation
a closed metal container containing hot water or steam
radiator
Through which of the following will convection most likely occur?
solids
What is specific heat?
the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance 1K.
Describe an air conditioner as a heat mover.
An air conditioner takes heat from inside a house and transfers it to the outside.
Conduction is the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter.
False
In an internal combustion engine, fuel burns outside the engine in chambers called cylinders.
False; An internal combustion engine fuel is burned inside the engine in chambers, or cylinders.
Air is a good conductor of heat.
False; Copper, aluminum, and silver are good conductors of heat.
Radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of particles.
False; Radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
Shiny materials absorb radiant energy.
False; Shiny materials reflect radiant energy.
Heat is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
False; Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
Liquids and gases are different from solids because they __________.
Flow
Explain how a cooking pan can be made entirely of glass and transfer heat without overheating the handle.
Glass is a poor conductor of heat.
Explain why your car can be considered a passive heating system on a cool, sunny, fall day.
Radiant solar energy comes through car windows and is changed to thermal energy, which heats the air in the car; that's a passive heating system.
In refrigeration systems, the coolant that flows through the pipes absorbs heat from the food that is stored inside. It then condenses and releases the heat in the ____________.
Room.
Explain the difference between heat and temperature.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object. Heat is thermal energy that flows from something with a higher temperature to something with a lower temperature.
You are going to wrap your hot-water heater with insulation to prevent heat from escaping into the air. Would you place the side of the insulation with the foil next to the tank or away from the tank? Explain.
The shiny side next to the tank to reflect thermal energy being transferred by radiation.
Which side (direction) of the house would you want to place windows to collect as much passive solar heating?
The south side of the house.
______________ is the total energy of the molecules in a material
Thermal Energy
Air is a better insulator than copper, silver, or aluminum.
True
In a forced-air heating system, the warm air circulates by convection.
True
Solar energy can be changed into thermal energy without any work being done.
True
Winds are examples of convection currents.
True
Does heat transfer from hotter objects to colder objects?
Yes
Would the windows in a passive solar heating system have to be well insulated? Explain.
Yes, to keep thermal energy in.
On a cold day at school you open up an outside door to go to recess. Are you letting heat out or letting cold air in?
You are letting warm air out. Heat transfers from hotter objects to colder objects.
large tank for storing water heated by the Sun and pumps to move the water
active solar
Solar collectors are parts of a(n)
active solar heating system
A material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is ________________.
an insulator
The process by which engine fuels burn is called
combustion
Most of the heat provided by a fireplace goes up the chimney and is therefore transferred by __________________.
conduction
When you are cooking on the stove, the heat from the pot on the stove moves to the pot's handle by _________.
conduction
When you iron your clothes the thermal energy that is transferred from the iron to your clothes by ________________.
conduction
As perspiration evaporates from your skin, it carries heat away, ___________________ your body.
cooling
heated coils in ceilings and floors heat the surrounding air by conduction
electric heating system
All heating systems must have a source of ___________ in order to produce heat.
energy
Specific heat is the amount of ______________ required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material 1 K.
energy
fan moves warm air
forced air
most common type of heating system
forced air
How is heat transferred between 2 objects?
from warmer materials to cooler materials
A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is a
heat engine
A device that heats your home by removing thermal energy from one location and transferring it to another location at a different temperature is a
heat mover
Refrigerators and air conditioners are examples of
heat movers