Ch 65 Ass of Neuro

Lesions in the temporal lobe may result in which of the following types of agnosia?

Auditory

Which of the following are sympathetic effects of the nervous system?

Dilated pupils

A client experienced a stroke that damaged the hypothalamus. The nurse should anticipate that the client will have problems with:

body temperature control.

During a routine physical examination to assess a client's deep tendon reflexes, a nurse should make sure to:

support the joint where the tendon is being tested.

Which of the following terms refers to the inability to recognize objects through a particular sensory system?

Agnosia

A patient is ordered a CT scan of the brain with IV contrast. Prior to the test, the nurse should complete which of the following first?

Assess the patient for medication allergies.

To evaluate a client's cerebellar function, a nurse should ask:

"Do you have any problems with balance?"

A nurse is caring for a client with an injury to the central nervous system. When caring for a client with a spinal cord insult slowing transmission of the motor neurons, which deficits are anticipated?

A delayed reaction in response due to the interrupted impulses from the central nervous system

Which of the following terms refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking?

Ataxia

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Only three are sensory. Select the cranial nerve that is affected with decreased visual fields.

Cranial nerve II

Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin lead to which of the following disease processes?

Depression

A patient has a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. The nurse is aware that this deficiency can lead to:

Depression.

Which of the following is considered an abnormal finding of the Romberg test?

Loss of balance

In reviewing a client's history and physical examination, a nurse finds that the client was found positive for ataxia during the physician's neurological testing. Which nursing diagnosis will be a priority for this client?

Risk for falls

The client is waiting in a triage area to learn the medical status of his family following a motor vehicle accident. The client is pacing, taking deep breaths, and wringing the hands. Considering the effects in the body systems, what effects does the nurse anticipate in the liver?

The liver will convert glycogen to glucose for immediate use.

The spinal cord is composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerves. How many pairs of thoracic nerves are contained within the spinal column?

Twelve

The nurse is assessing the client's pupils following a sports injury. Which of the following assessment findings indicates a neurologic concern? Select all that apply.

Unequal pupils Pinpoint pupils Absence of pupillary response

A patient comes to the emergency department with severe pain in the face that was stimulated by brushing the teeth. What cranial nerve does the nurse understand can cause this type of pain?

V

A patient is scheduled for standard EEG testing to evaluate a possible seizure disorder. Nursing interventions prior to the procedure include which of the following?

Withholding antiseizure medications for 24 to 48 hours prior to the exam

The nurse is employed in a neurologist's office, performing a history and assessment on a client experiencing hearing difficulty. The nurse is most correct to gather equipment to assess the function of which cranial nerve?

Cranial nerve VIII

If a patient has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect which of the following upon physical assessment?

Decreased muscle tone

Which of the following terms refer to a method of recording, in graphic form, the electrical activity of the muscle?

Electromyogram

A nurse is caring for a client with deteriorating neurologic status. The nurse is performing an assessment at the beginning of the shift that reveals a falling blood pressure and heart rate, and the client makes no motor response to stimuli. Which documentation of neuromuscular status is most appropriate?

Flaccidity

A male client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG). When the nurse caring for the client is preparing him for the test, the client states that during childhood he was mildly electrocuted but miraculously lived. Therefore, he is quite afraid of going through an EEG. In what ways can the nurse help dispel the client's fear regarding the test?

Inform the client that he will not experience any electrical shock.

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

It cushions the brain and spinal cord.

An 83-year-old woman suffers a stroke at home and is hospitalized for treatment and management. Which of the following diagnostic procedures would be best to visualize the extent of damage?

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has difficulty interpreting visual stimuli. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects injury to which lobe of the brain?

Occipital

A client who has sustained a head injury to the parietal lobe cannot identify a familiar object by touch. The nurse knows that this deficit is which of the following?

Tactile agnosia

A client preparing to undergo a lumbar puncture states he doesn't think he will be able to get comfortable with his knees drawn up to his abdomen and his chin touching his chest. He asks if he can lie on his left side. Which statement is the best response by the nurse?

"Although the required position may not be comfortable, it will make the procedure safer and easier to perform."

A patient arrives to have an MRI done in the outpatient department. What information provided by the patient warrants further assessment to prevent complications related to the MRI?

"I am trying to quit smoking and have a patch on."

The nurse is preparing a client for a neurological examination by the physician and explains tests the physician will be doing, including the Romberg test. The client asks the purpose of this particular test. The correct reply by the nurse is which of the following?

"It is a test for balance."

A nurse is preparing a client for lumbar puncture. The client has heard about post-lumbar puncture headaches and asks how to avoid having one. The nurse tells the client that these headches can be avoided by doing which of the following after the procedure?

"Remain prone for 2 to 3 hours."

A nurse and nursing student are caring for a client recovering from a lumbar puncture yesterday. The client reports a headache despite being on bedrest overnight. The physician plans an epidural blood patch this morning. The student asks how this will help the headache. The correct reply from the nurse is which of the following?

"The blood will seal the hole in the dura and prevent further loss of cerebral spinal fluid."

The nurse is caring for a patient who was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained a head injury. When assessing deep tendon reflexes (DTR), the nurse observes diminished or hypoactive reflexes. How will the nurse document this finding?

1+

Which cranial nerve is tested by listening to a ticking watch?

Acoustic

The nurse is caring for a client with a significant allergy history to various medications and shellfish. Because the client needs to have a diagnostic study with contrast, which medication classification is anticipated?

Antihistamine

A client has sustained a head injury to the parietal lobe and cannot identify a familiar object by touch. The nurse knows that this deficit is

Astereognosis

A patient who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and so is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support. What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?

Brain stem

The nurse is assessing the mental status of a patient. Which of the following questions will the nurse include in the assessment?

"Who is the president of the United States?"

If a patient has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect which of the following?

Decreased muscle tone

Which of the following supplies cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to the subarachnoid space and down the spinal cord on the dorsal surface?

Fourth ventricle

A client who was trapped inside a car for hours after a head-on collision is rushed to the emergency department with multiple injuries. During the neurologic examination, the client responds to painful stimuli with decerebrate posturing. This finding indicates damage to which part of the brain?

Midbrain

The pre-nursing class is learning about the nervous system in their anatomy class. What part of the nervous system would the students learn is responsible for digesting food and eliminating body waste?

Parasympathetic

A Geriatric Nurse Practitioner is assessing older adults. The Nurse Practitioner knows that older adults sometimes have difficulty following directions during a neurologic examination or diagnostic procedure. What strategies can the Nurse Practitioner use to examine older clients?

Provide brief instructions, one step at a time

Which neurotransmitter demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways?

Serotonin

The nurse is instructing a community class when a student asks, "How does someone get super strength in an emergency?"The nurse is correct to instruct on the action of which system?

Sympathetic nervous system

During recovery from a stroke, a client is given nothing by mouth to help prevent aspiration. To determine when the client is ready for a liquid diet, the nurse assesses the client's swallowing ability once per shift. This assessment evaluates:

cranial nerves IX and X.

Lower motor neuron lesions cause

flaccid muscle paralysis.

The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a lumbar puncture. Which would the nurse note as a concern?

Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature.

The nurse has completed evaluating the cranial nerves of a patient. The nurse documents impairment of the right cervical nerves (CN IX and CN X). Based on these findings, the nurse will instruct the patient to complete which of the following?

"Refrain from eating or drinking for now."

What part of the brain controls and coordinates muscle movement?

Cerebellum

Cranial nerve IX is also known as which of the following?

Glossopharyngeal

The nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). What is a potential side effect that this client may suffer?

Allergic reaction to the imaging material

A male patient is scheduled for an EEG. The patient inquires about any diet-related prerequisites that he must take. Which of the following diet-related advice should the nurse provide to the patient?

Avoid taking sedative drugs or drinks that contain caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to the test

The physician's office nurse is caring for a client who has a history of a cerebral aneurysm. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to monitor the status of the aneurysm?

Cerebral angiography

A patient sustained a head injury during a fall and has changes in personality and affect. What part of the brain does the nurse recognize has been affected in this injury?

Frontal lobe

Which of the following neurotransmitters are deficient in myasthenia gravis?

Acetylcholine

A patient recently noted difficulty maintaining his balance and controlling fine movements. The nurse explains that the provider will order diagnostic studies for the part of his brain known as the:

Cerebellum.

A patient is being tested for a gag reflex. When the nurse places the tongue blade to the back of the throat, there is no response elicited. What dysfunction does the nurse determine the patient has?

Dysfunction of the vagus nerve

A female patient has undergone a lumbar puncture for a neurological assessment. The patient is put under the postprocedure care of a nurse. Which of the following important postprocedure nursing interventions should be performed to ensure maximum comfort to the patient?

Encourage a liberal fluid intake for the patient

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for concentration and abstract thought?

Frontal

A nurse is completing a neurological assessment and determines that the client has significant visual deficits. A brain tumor is considered. Considering the functions of the lobes of the brain, which area will most likely contain the neurologic deficit?

Occipital

Which of the following cerebral lobes contains the auditory receptive areas?

Temporal