Ch. 6~Electricity & Electrical Equipment-Salon Fundamental Esthetics 6.1

Define electrons

The flow of tiny, negatively charged particles

Define load

the technical term for any appliance that requires electricity in order to work

Define open circuit

when the path is broken

Define ground wire

wire in a 3-wire system running directly to the ground that protects you when operating certain kinds of appliances

how do you reset power with circuit breakers?

1. Turn off or unplug all appliances connected to the circuit 2. go to the power box, open it, so you can see which circuit has been broken "tripped" 3. find a row of switches that look like a wall light swtich 4. look for a switch that has a color marker (red or yellow) showing (this means the circuit had been tripped) 5. turn the colored completely to the "off" position the immediate to the "on" position to the reset and operate the circuit

How is a new fuse installed?

1. turn off all appliances operating on the circuit 2. unplug equipment from the main power source 3. wear rubber gloves and make sure hands are dry 4. Go to the main power box, turn off main power 5. remove burnt-out fuse and replace with new fuse 6. close the box and switch the power on

Define conductor

A material that allows electricity to flow through it easily

Define insulator

A material that does not allow the flow of electric current

Define load

A technical term for any electrically powered applicance

Define rectifier

Changers AC to DC

Define converter

Changes DC to AC-special instrument to used to transform

What should you do in the event that a fire results from an overload?

Do not try to extinguish the fire with water, turn off the circuit, use the fire extinguisher according to the instructions; smother the fire immediately If NO fire extinguisher is available smother fire with a heavy blanket or rug, a power such as flour or cornstarch call the fire dept immediately if the fire if beyond your control

What should be done in the event of a fire?

Immediately pull the cord from the socket while wearing protective covering; immediately locate and use the fire extinguisher

Define direct current

Is a constant current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction (DC)

Define alternation current

Is a rapid oscillating cycle that alternates back and forth, allowing electrons to flow first in one direction and then in the other (AC)

Name and describe the 2 different types of shocks

Local: passes though a small parts of the body and can cause burns and muscle contractions General/electrocution: passes through the nervous systems causing the heart to stop, breathing to cease and muscles to convulse

What should you do if you are trapped in a smoke filled room?

Open the windows for air, stay low to the ground and exit immediately, check all doors for heat and smoke signs before opeing

How do you properly operate a fire extinguisher?

PASS Pull the pin; Aim the hose at the base of the fire; Squeeze the handle to begin the flow; Spray chemical discharge back and forth over the fire

Define electric current

The flow of electricity along a conductor (modality) change

What should be done to prevent a fire?

Use and store flammable material properly; post and comply with local fire codes; inspect fire safety devices (fire extinguishers, smoke alarms, etc..) frequently, dispose of or repair frayed or expose wires

Define rheostat

a device that indicates the amount of current flowing though the equipment and regulates the amount with a dial knob

Define generator

a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

Define watt

a measure of electrical energy being used

Define closed path

a path on which the electricity leaves the source and travels to an appliance in order to power it

Define fuse

a safety device that prevents electrical wires from over heating; can be replaced

Define volt

a unit of electric pressure

Define ohm

a unit of electric resistance

Define amp

a unit of electric strength

Define ground fault circuit interrupter?

be installed where water and electricity could come into contact with, it senses current leakage in an electrical circuit and will interrupt power preventing an electrical shock

Define circuit breaker

breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs

What is short circut

can occur anytime a conductor comes into contact with a wire carrying current to a load

Define hertz rating

indicates the number of cycles per second that a generator alternates current (Hz)

Define amp rating

indicates the number of electrons of flowing though a particular line

Define milliamperemeter

is the instrument used to measure the electrical current used in the skin care equipment

How do you free someone who is being shocked?

knock the person out of the circuit by using on insulator (broom, plastic brush, or plastic garbage pail) unplug the appliance. Turn off at the circuit breaker

Define UL rating

means the appliance has been certified to operated safely under the conditions specific in the instructions

Define kilowatt

measure the watts (1000 watts equal one kilowatt)

Define electrical shock

occurs when a human has contact with a electrical current can result in a mild jolt, serious burns, or electrocutions

What are some examples of insulators?

silk,dry air, plastic, rubber, wood, glass, brick, glass, brick, cloth, certain liquids

What are some examples of conductors?

silver, copper, aluminum, carbon, water

Define electrotherapy

the application of electrical current during treatment to the skin

Define milliamperes

the power id measured in the skin care equipment put out (1/1000th of an amp)

Define overload

when too many appliance are put on one circuit and operated at the same time because more current flows through the line than it is designed to carry

Define Electricity

Form of energy that produces light, heat, magnetic, and chemical change